samedi 24 janvier 2015

Bienheureux GUILLAUME IRELAND, prêtre jésuite et martyr, et JEAN GROVE, laïc et martyr

Portrait de William Ireland, in James Granger. A Biographical History of England: from Egbert the Great to the Revolution, 1824


Bienheureux Guillaume Ireland et Jean Grove, martyrs

Guillaume Ireland était né en 1636 dans le Lincolnshire en Angleterre. Après des études au séminaire anglais de Saint-Omer, il entra dans la Compagnie de Jésus, en 1655. Il passe quelques années au couvent des clarisses de Gravelines en qualité de confesseur puis il est envoyé en Angleterre, en 1677. L’année suivante, il est faussement accusé de complicité dans le soi-disant complot papiste de Titus Oates. Arrêté, il est condamné à mort par pendaison avec son domestique, Jean Grove, en 1679 et écartelé.

SOURCE : http://www.paroisse-saint-aygulf.fr/index.php/prieres-et-liturgie/saints-par-mois/icalrepeat.detail/2015/01/24/12600/-/bienheureux-guillaume-ireland-et-jean-grove-martyrs

Bienheureux Guillaume Ireland et Jean Grove

Martyrs en Angleterre (+ 1679)

Guillaume Ireland était originaire du Lincolnshire en Angleterre. Après des études au séminaire anglais de Saint-Omer, il entra dans la Compagnie de Jésus. Arrêtés pour un soi-disant complot papiste contre le roi Charles II, ils furent tous deux pendus à Tyburn-Londres puis écartelés selon la tradition. Ils furent béatifiés en décembre 1929.

À Londres, en 1679, les bienheureux Guillaume Ireland, prêtre jésuite, et Jean Grove, son domestique. Accusés faussement du crime de trahison sous le roi Charles II, ils subirent le martyre pour le Christ à Tyburn.

Martyrologe romain

Le Bienheureux William Ireland

Death: 01/24/1679

Nationality (place of birth): Angleterre

Le P. William Ireland travailla pendant 10 ans en Flandre, avant de pouvoir retourner dans son Angleterre natale. Dès son retour il fut nommé ‘procureur’ (responsable des finances) de la province anglaise, fonction qu’il exerça pendant une année seulement avant de devenir la première victime de l’infâme complot de Titus Oates.

Il étudia au Collège Anglais à St-Omer en Flandre, et entra au noviciat à l’âge de 19 ans. Après ses études de théologie à Liège, il a été ordonné en 1667. Pendant les 10 années qui suivirent il enseigna à son Alma Mater et fut confesseur des Pauvres Claires à Gravelines. Finalement il put retourner en Angleterre en juin 1677, et s’établit à Londres où il utilisa le pseudonyme de ‘forgeron’, tandis qu’il s’occupait des finances des jésuites. Titus Oates était un ministre protestant apostat, qui haïssait la Compagnie de Jésus. Avec au autre ministre protestant, Israel Tonge, il inventa une histoire comme quoi les jésuites anglais planifiait d’assassiner le roi Charles II, de renverser le Gouvernement et la religion établie et de réinstaller le catholicisme. Cette histoire inventée engendra une colère furieuse et un renouveau des persécutions des catholiques. Parmi les premières victimes figurait le P. Ireland, qui a été arrêté en même temps que le P. John Fenwick et leur assistant laïc, Mr. John Grove. Ils furent emprisonnés à la prison de Newgate et chargés de lourdes chaînes qui déchirait la chair de leurs jambes. Leur procès eut lieu après 3 mois, le 17 décembre 1678; avec eux furent aussi jugés le P. Thomas Whitbread et Thomas Pickering, un frère bénédictin.

Au procès, Titus Oates témoigna qu’il avait été présent à une réunion des jésuites en Avril de cette même année et qu’il avait entendu élaborer des plans pour assassiner le roi. Il prétendait que les PP. Ireland, Fenwick et Grove participaient à cette réunion, tandis que le P. Whitbread et le Fr. Pickering étaient chargés d’exécuter le meurtre. D’après Oates on avait vu le P. Ireland traîner aux environs de la résidence royale en août; un attentat avait été commis, mais jusqu’à 3 fois le coup du pistolet du Fr. Pickering ne partit pas. Un deuxième témoin se montra d’accord avec la plus grande partie du premier témoignage. Le P. Ireland produisit des témoins pour témoigner qu’il était dans les Midlands et North Wales au moment où il était supposé avoir traîné près du palais royal. Pour le contredire Oates avait payé une servante qui prétendit l’avoir vu à Londres à ce moment. Sur foi de faux témoignage les PP. Ireland et Grove et le Fr. Pickering furent jugés coupables de haute trahison et condamnés à être pendus, et écartelés. L’exécution fut retardée d’un mois par ordre royal, parce que le roi Charles II ne croyait absolument pas que les jésuites fussent mêlés à un complot contre lui, mais par crainte de la colère populaire, il permit que les exécutions aient lieu.

Les PP. Ireland et Grove furent amenés à Tyburn le 24 janvier 1679. Le peuple de Londres leur lança une volée de pierres et d’insultes, tandis qu’on les traînait jusqu’au gibet. On les pendit jusqu’à ce que mort s’en suive, leurs corps furent ensuite écartelés.

D'autres martyrs d’Angleterre

Initialement regroupé et édité par: Tom Rochford,SJ

Traducteur: Guy Verhaegen

SOURCE : https://www.jesuits.global/fr/saint-blessed/le-bienheureux-william-ireland/

Stone marking the site of the Tyburn tree on the traffic island at the junction of Edgware RoadBayswater Road and Oxford Street. Photographie : RioVerde, 2010


Ven. William Ireland

Jesuit martyr, born in Lincolnshire, 1636; executed at Tyburn, 24 Jan. (not 3 Feb.), 1679; eldest son of William Ireland of Crofton Hall, Yorkshire, by Barbara, a daughter of Ralph Eure, of Washingborough, Lincolnshire (who is to be distinguished from the last Lord Eure) by his first wife. He was educated at the English College, St. Omer; admitted to the Society of Jesus at Watten, 1655; professed, 1673; and was for several years confessor to the Poor Clares at Gravelines. In 1677 he was sent on the English Mission and appointed procurator of the province. On the night of 28 September, 1678, he was arrested by Titus Oates in person, and amongst others who shared his fate was John Grove, a layman, the nominal occupier of that part of Wild House, London, occupied by the Jesuits, the Spanish ambassador living under the same roof. After rigorous confinement in Newgate they were both sentenced to death on 17 December following, together with Thomas Pickering, for having, in the rooms of William Harcourt, the Jesuit, on the previous 19 August, planned to assassinate the king. Oates and Bedloe swore that Grove was to have £1500 for the job, and Pickering 30,000 Masses. Ireland, in a journal written in Newgate, accounted for every day of his absence from London between 3 August and 14 September, but a woman having sworn that she saw him in Fetter Lane, on 20 August, all three were found guilty, and after two reprieves Ireland and Grove were executed together, Grove saying: "We are innocent, we lose our lives wrongfully, we pray God to forgive them that are the causes of it."
Sources

Dict. Nat. Biog., s.v.; GILLOW, Bibl. Dict. Eng. Cath., s.v.; G.E.C(OKAYNE), Peerage of England, III (London, 1890), 294; Harleian Soc. Publ., L (London, 1902), 338; CHALLONER, Missionary Priests, II (London and Derby, s. d.), 361; POLLOCK, The Popish Plot (London, 1903).

Wainewright, John. "Ven. William Ireland." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 8. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910. 6 Apr. 2021 <http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08130a.htm>.

Transcription. This article was transcribed for New Advent by Annie Donahue.

Ecclesiastical approbation. Nihil Obstat. October 1, 1910. Remy Lafort, S.T.D., Censor. Imprimatur. +John Cardinal Farley, Archbishop of New York.

Copyright © 2020 by Kevin Knight. Dedicated to the Immaculate Heart of Mary. 

Blessed William Ireland

Also known as

William Ironmonger

William Iremonger

Memorial

24 January

Profile

Eldest son of William Ireland of Crofton Hall, Yorkshire, England and Barbara Eure of Washingborough, Lincolnshire, EnglandStudied at English College, Saint Omer, France. Joined the Jesuits at Watten, Belgium in 1655; made his profession and was ordained in 1673Confessor to a Poor Clare convent at Gravelines, France. Sent to England in 1677 where he used the name William Ironmonger and ministered to covert Catholics. Jesuit procurator of the province. Arrested on 28 September 1678 and falsley accused of complicity in the Titus Oates PlotMartyr.

Born

1636 in Lincolnshire, England

Died

hanged in 24 January 1679 at Tyburn, LondonEngland

Venerated

8 December 1929 by Pope Pius XI

Beatified

15 December 1929 by Pope Pius XI

Additional Information

105 Martyrs of Tyburn

Catholic Encyclopedia, by John B Wainewright

Mementoes of the English Martyrs and Confessors, by Father Henry Sebastian Bowden

books

A Calendar of the English Martyrs of the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries

Book of Saints, by the Monks of Ramsgate

Our Sunday Visitor’s Encyclopedia of Saints

other sites in english

Catholic Online

Hagiography Circle

sitios en español

Martirologio Romano2001 edición

fonti in italiano

Martirologio Romano2005 edition

Santi e Beati

spletne strani v slovenšcini

Svetniki

MLA Citation

“Blessed William Ireland“. CatholicSaints.Info. 2 February 2020. Web. 6 April 2021. <https://catholicsaints.info/blessed-william-ireland/>

SOURCE : https://catholicsaints.info/blessed-william-ireland/

Blessed William Ireland, SJ

Born : 1636

Died : Jan 24, 1679

Beatified : Dec 15, 1929

William Ireland was born in Lincolnshire, England. He was educated at the English College at Saint-Omer, Flanders and entered the English Jesuit Novitiate at Watten, Flanders at nineteen. He did theology at Liege and was ordained in 1667. For ten years after his ordination he taught at Saint-Omer and was confessor to the Poor Clares at Gravelines.

He returned to England in 1677 and was appointed procurator of the English Province. He was based in London and was travelling under the name “Ironmonger”. His apostolate however lasted slightly over a year because Titus Oates, a renegade Anglican minister who hated the Jesuits, concocted a ridiculous story accusing the English Jesuits of planning to assassinate the king, overthrowing the government and of reinstating the Catholic Church. This fabricated “Popish Plot” roused the fury of the nation and renewed the persecution of the Catholics resulting in the arrest of Frs Ireland, John Fenwick and their lay assistant John Grove at their residence in the dead of the night. They were imprisoned at Newgate where they suffered from three months of incarceration before being brought to trial together with Fr Thomas Whitbread and the Benedictine brother, Thomas Pickering.

At the trial, Oates falsely testified that he was present at a special meeting of Jesuits in April that year when plans were supposedly made to murder the king and that Frs Ireland, Fenwick and Whitbread were present at that meeting. Oates also declared that Fr Ireland was seen at the royal residence in August and that the assassination would have taken place had Bro Pickering’s pistol not failed to fire. Fr Ireland maintained that he was away from London at the time he was falsely alleged to be seen near the royal palace and was able to produce evidence. Instead a young maid, bribed by Oates came forth to say that she had seen the priest in London during that same period. On the basis of this false testimony, Fr Ireland Br Pickering and Mr Grove were found guilty of high treason and ordered to be hang, drawn and quartered.

The execution was postponed for a month because Charles II never believed that the Jesuits were involved in a plot against him, but when Oates produced more disreputable witnesses, the king, fearing the people’s anger, agreed to proceed with the executions.

On Friday, January 24, 1679, Fr Ireland and Mr Grove were taken to Tyburn, the place of execution. Br Pickering was given a reprieve, but was later executed on May 9. At the gallows, Fr Ireland professed both their innocence and denied any plot against the king’s life and said: “ I beg God Almighty to shower down a thousand and a thousand blessings upon his Majesty……and all the royal family, and also on the whole kingdom. As for the Catholics that are here, we desire their prayers for a happy passage into a better world, and that God would be merciful to all Christian souls….. and so I beseech all good people to pray for us and with us.” On completing these words, Fr Ireland and Mr Grove recollected themselves in prayer. The cart was drawn from under them and they remained hanging until they were dead. The bodies were then cut down and quartered. Fr Ireland was forty-three years old and had been a Jesuit for twenty-four years. He was the first Jesuit martyr of the infamous Titus Oates plot.

SOURCE : https://www.jesuit.org.sg/jan-william-ireland-sj/

Blessed John Grove

Memorial

24 January

Profile

LaymanServant of Blessed William Ireland and other Jesuits in LondonEnglandArrested on 28 September 1678, accused of having received £1500 to help in the Titus Oates Plot. Served time with Blessed Thomas PickeringMartyr.

Died

hanged on 24 January 1679 at Tyburn, LondonEngland

Venerated

8 December 1929 by Pope Pius XI

Beatified

15 December 1929 by Pope Pius XI

Additional Information

105 Martyrs of Tyburn

Mementoes of the English Martyrs and Confessors, by Father Henry Sebastian Bowden

books

A Calendar of the English Martyrs of the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries

Book of Saints, by the Monks of Ramsgate

Our Sunday Visitor’s Encyclopedia of Saints

other sites in english

Catholic Online

Hagiography Circle

sitios en español

Martirologio Romano2001 edición

fonti in italiano

Martirologio Romano2005 edition

Santi e Beati

Readings

We are innocent, we lose our lives wrongfully, we pray God to forgive them that are the causes of it. – Blessed John, from the gallows

MLA Citation

“Blessed John Grove“. CatholicSaints.Info. 2 February 2020. Web. 6 April 2021. <https://catholicsaints.info/blessed-john-grove/>

SOURCE : https://catholicsaints.info/blessed-john-grove/

Mementoes of the English Martyrs and Confessors – Venerable Ireland, S.J., and John Grove, Layman, 1679

Article

Ireland was of gentle birth. His uncle was killed in the King’s service and his relations assisted Charles II to escape after his defeat at Worcester. Educated at Saint Omers, he entered the Society of Jesus, went on the English Mission in 1677, and was apprehended as a conspirator in the pretended Oates Plot. Oates swore that he had been present with Ireland at a meeting held in August to kill the King. Ireland proved by the evidence of above forty witnesses, many of them of note, that he was in the country, when Oates swore he was in London, at the time named, yet he was condemned to death. Ireland said he pardoned all who had a hand in his death, that if he were guilty of treason he would be bound then to declare it, or the name of any accomplice, even of his own father. “As for ourselves,” he said, “we would beg a thousand pardons both of God and man; but seeing that we cannot be believed we must commit ourselves to the mercy of Almighty God, and hope to find pardon through Christ.”

After begging the prayers of all Catholics, he was executed at Tyburn, with John Grove, a Catholic layman, whose innocence was likewise fully proved, 24 January 1679. The cheerful patience and constancy of both martyrs astonished the beholders.

MLA Citation

Father Henry Sebastian Bowden. “Venerable Ireland, S.J., and John Grove, Layman, 1679”. Mementoes of the English Martyrs and Confessors1910. CatholicSaints.Info. 21 April 2019. Web. 6 April 2021. <https://catholicsaints.info/mementoes-of-the-english-martyrs-and-confessors-venerable-ireland-s-j-and-john-grove-layman-1679/>

SOURCE : https://catholicsaints.info/mementoes-of-the-english-martyrs-and-confessors-venerable-ireland-s-j-and-john-grove-layman-1679/

The One Hundred and Five Martyrs of Tyburn – 24 January 1679

Venerable William Ireland, priest, SJ

Venerable John Grove, layman

Venerable William Ireland was born in Lincolnshire and brought up at Saint Omer’s. He entered the Society of Jesus at the age of 19. He had the reputation of possessing a wonderful calm and evenness of mind on all occasions. On returning to England, he was apprehended on the first breaking out of the Titus Oates Plot, and suffered much from the loathsomeness of the prison and the weight of his iron chains. He was brought to trial with several others, including John Grove, a layman employed as a servant by the English Jesuits in their business about town.

Oates and Bedloe swore that Father Ireland had been present at a consultation held in August for killing the King, although the priest brought many to witness he was in Staffordshire at the time. Oates and Bedloe also swore that Grove was appointed to shoot the King, for which deed he was to receive a preposterous amount of money. On Friday, the 24th of January, the martyrs were drawn from Newgate to Tyburn, and were abused and pelted by the mob all the way. They endured every insult with cheerful patience, and died forgiving those who were guilty of their blood, and praying for their King and Country.

– from The One Hundred and Five Martyrs of Tyburn, by The Nuns of the Convent of Tyburn, 1917

SOURCE : https://catholicsaints.info/the-one-hundred-and-five-martyrs-of-tyburn-24-january-1679/

Beati Guglielmo Ireland e Giovanni Grove Martiri

24 gennaio

† Tyburn, Londra, Inghilterra, 24 gennaio 1679

Il sacerdote gesuita William Ireland ed il suo servitore John Grove furono beatificati nel 1929.

Martirologio Romano: A Londra in Inghilterra, beati martiri Guglielmo Ireland, sacerdote della Compagnia di Gesù, e Giovanni Grove, suo domestico, che, sotto il re Carlo II, falsamente accusati di tradimento, a Tyburn subirono il martirio per Cristo.

SOURCE : http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/38630