Abbé de Tincillac puis
évêque (+ 550)
ou Albin.
Évêque et confesseur. Originaire de Bretagne*, il fut d'abord abbé de Nantilly, près de Saumur. Il devint évêque d'Angers dont il est le patron céleste. Rayonnant de charité dans un monde barbare et cruel, il fut l'un des principaux promoteurs du troisième Concile d'Orléans, qui réforma l'Église franque avec une grande fermeté. Il sut se dresser devant l'injustice pour adoucir le sort des prisonniers et des malheureux. Il sut imposer le respect du mariage aux grands seigneurs qui, à l'époque mérovingienne, n'hésitaient pas à épouser leur sœur ou leur fille. Beaucoup d'évêques se taisaient par crainte. Il protesta et obtint gain de cause au Concile d'Orléans.
*un internaute nous signale que Saint Aubin est originaire de la commune de Languidic,
plus proche de Lorient que de Vannes.
..."S'il était possible de connaître, parmi tant de vertus qu'il pratiqua
dans sa vie nouvelle, quelle était sa vertu dominante, on dirait que ce fut la
charité. Elle était, en effet, sans bornes pour les malheureux, pour les
prisonniers, pour les malades, pour les pauvres, et souvent Dieu la récompensa
par les plus frappants miracles. En voici un exemple: Le charitable pasteur se rendit
un jour aux prisons de la ville pour en retirer une pauvre dame, poursuivie par
ses créanciers. Devant le Saint, les gardiens s'écartent pour lui laisser
passage; un seul veut lui refuser obstinément l'entrée; mais le Pontife souffle
sur le visage de cet insolent, qui tombe mort à ses pieds; puis il va délivrer
la prisonnière et payer ses dettes. (diocèse de Soissons, Laon et Saint-Quentin)
Un internaute nous signale: La collégiale de Guérande lui est dédiée, suite à l'apparition de saint Aubin, en cavalier blanc, qui mit en fuite les Normands.
...Notre ville garde une mémoire vivante de St Aubin avec l'épisode de l'invasion normande au Xe s. Prêts à capituler les guérandais invoquent St Aubin comme dernier secours. C'est ce que relate un des vitraux du XVIe... ici même, où St Aubin enverra un jeune cavalier blanc qui prendra la tête des troupes guérandaises, et mettra les normands en déroute... (Homélie du Père Bugel à l'occasion de la Saint Aubin)
À Angers, vers 550, saint Aubin, évêque. D'une grande austérité, il stigmatisa
avec énergie les mariages incestueux, fréquents chez les nobles, et promut le
troisième concile d'Orléans pour la rénovation de l'Église en Gaule.
SOURCE : https://nominis.cef.fr/contenus/fetes/1/3/2023/1-Mars-2023.html
Saint Aubin ou
Albin, évêque
Originaire de la région
de Vannes, Aubin fut d'abord moine près de Redon, près de Guérande, et en
Poitou. En 504, il est élu abbé de Nantilly, près de Saumur. Il devint évêque
d'Angers en 529, dont il est le saint patron. Rayonnant de charité dans un
monde barbare et cruel, particulièrement dévoué pour les pauvres, les veuves et
les orphelins, il rachète aussi plusieurs esclaves pour leur rendre la
liberté. Il fut l'un des principaux promoteurs du troisième Concile
d'Orléans, qui réforma l'Eglise franque avec une grande fermeté. Il sut se
dresser devant l'injustice pour adoucir le sort des prisonniers et des malheureux
et imposer le respect du mariage aux grands seigneurs qui, à l'époque
mérovingienne, n'hésitaient pas à le profaner par des unions consanguines ou
même incestueuses. Il meurt en 550.
SOURCE : http://www.paroisse-saint-aygulf.fr/index.php/prieres-et-liturgie/saints-par-mois/icalrepeat.detail/2015/03/01/13131/-/saint-aubin-ou-albin-eveque
SAINT
AUBIN
Évêque d'Angers
(470-550)
Saint Aubin naquit au
diocèse de Vannes. Son enfance, prévenue de toutes les grâces du Seigneur, fit
présager sa sainteté future; il ne connut du jeune âge ni la légèreté, ni les
défauts, et dès qu'il put marcher, ce fut pour aller à Dieu et Le prier à l'écart,
loin du bruit, dans la compagnie des Anges.
De tels débuts montraient
assez que le pieux Aubin n'était point fait pour le monde; au grand désespoir
de sa noble famille, on le vit un jour quitter le foyer paternel et prendre le
chemin du monastère. Là, ses veilles, ses jeûnes, ses oraisons l'élevèrent
bientôt à une telle perfection, qu'il dépassait de beaucoup les plus anciens et
les plus fervents religieux.
On admirait surtout son
recueillement continuel. Ses yeux ne s'ouvraient que pour Dieu; dans le
monastère, il ignorait ce qui se passait autour de lui, et au dehors, quand il
devait sortir, il se faisait dans son coeur une délicieuse retraite, où il
continuait ses entretiens célestes.
Un jour, l'abbé du
monastère l'envoya dans un village voisin. Pendant qu'il s'acquittait de sa
mission, il tomba, sur la maison où il était venu, une telle quantité de pluie,
que le toit s'entr'ouvrit et que toutes les personnes présentes furent
trempées: Aubin seul, à l'admiration de tous, fut épargné; il ne tomba pas sur
lui une goutte d'eau.
Abbé du monastère à
trente-cinq ans, il fit revivre parmi ses frères la ferveur des premiers temps
et les amena, par sa douceur et son exemple, à une perfection rare, même dans
les plus austères couvents.
Mais l'évêque d'Angers
étant venu à mourir, le clergé et le peuple de ce diocèse, auxquels était
parvenu le renom de la sainteté d'Aubin, l'élurent unanimement, et il dut
courber ses épaules sous le lourd fardeau de l'épiscopat.
S'il était possible de
connaître, parmi tant de vertus qu'il pratiqua dans sa vie nouvelle, quelle
était sa vertu dominante, on dirait que ce fut la charité. Elle était, en
effet, sans bornes pour les malheureux, pour les prisonniers, pour les malades,
pour les pauvres, et souvent Dieu la récompensa par les plus frappants
miracles. En voici un exemple: Le charitable pasteur se rendit un jour aux
prisons de la ville pour en retirer une pauvre dame, poursuivie par ses
créanciers. Devant le Saint, les gardiens s'écartent pour lui laisser passage;
un seul veut lui refuser obstinément l'entrée; mais le Pontife souffle sur le
visage de cet insolent, qui tombe mort à ses pieds; puis il va délivrer la
prisonnière et payer ses dettes.
Abbé L. Jaud, Vie
des Saints pour tous les jours de l'année, Tours, Mame, 1950.
SOURCE : http://magnificat.ca/cal/fr/saints/saint_aubin.html
Saint Aubin
Évêque d’Angers (470-550)
Saint Aubin naquit au
diocèse de Vannes. Son enfance, prévenue de toutes les grâces du Seigneur, fit
présager sa sainteté future ; il ne connut du jeune âge ni la légèreté, ni les
défauts, et dès qu’il put marcher, ce fut pour aller à Dieu et Le prier à l’écart,
loin du bruit, dans la compagnie des Anges.
De tels débuts montraient
assez que le pieux Aubin n’était point fait pour le monde ; au grand désespoir
de sa noble famille, on le vit un jour quitter le foyer paternel et prendre le
chemin du monastère. Là, ses veilles, ses jeûnes, ses oraisons l’élevèrent
bientôt à une telle perfection, qu’il dépassait de beaucoup les plus anciens et
les plus fervents religieux.
On admirait surtout son
recueillement continuel. Ses yeux ne s’ouvraient que pour Dieu ; dans le
monastère, il ignorait ce qui se passait autour de lui, et au dehors, quand il
devait sortir, il se faisait dans son coeur une délicieuse retraite, où il
continuait ses entretiens célestes.
Un jour, l’abbé du
monastère l’envoya dans un village voisin. Pendant qu’il s’acquittait de sa
mission, il tomba, sur la maison où il était venu, une telle quantité de pluie,
que le toit s’entr’ouvrit et que toutes les personnes présentes furent trempées
: Aubin seul, à l’admiration de tous, fut épargné ; il ne tomba pas sur lui une
goutte d’eau.
Abbé du monastère à
trente-cinq ans, il fit revivre parmi ses frères la ferveur des premiers temps
et les amena, par sa douceur et son exemple, à une perfection rare, même dans
les plus austères couvents.
Mais l’évêque d’Angers
étant venu à mourir, le clergé et le peuple de ce diocèse, auxquels était
parvenu le renom de la sainteté d’Aubin, l’élurent unanimement, et il dut
courber ses épaules sous le lourd fardeau de l’épiscopat.
S’il était possible de
connaître, parmi tant de vertus qu’il pratiqua dans sa vie nouvelle, quelle
était sa vertu dominante, on dirait que ce fut la charité. Elle était, en
effet, sans bornes pour les malheureux, pour les prisonniers, pour les malades,
pour les pauvres, et souvent Dieu la récompensa par les plus frappants
miracles. En voici un exemple :
Le charitable pasteur se
rendit un jour aux prisons de la ville pour en retirer une pauvre dame,
poursuivie par ses créanciers. Devant le Saint, les gardiens s’écartent pour
lui laisser passage ; un seul veut lui refuser obstinément l’entrée ; mais le
Pontife souffle sur le visage de cet insolent, qui tombe mort à ses pieds ;
puis il va délivrer la prisonnière et payer ses dettes.
SOURCE : http://viechretienne.catholique.org/saints/819-saint-aubin
.JPG)
Also
known as
Aubin of Angers
Profile
Born to a noble family
of Brittany.
Pious child. Monk from
his mid-20’s into his 60’s at Timcillac, which later renamed itself Saint
Aubin‘s in his honour. Abbot for
25 years, beginning in 504. Bishop of
the diocese of Angers, France from
c.529.
His episcopacy was known for his charity to
the poor, widows and orphans,
for his ransoming of slaves from
their owners, his personal holiness, and the miracles he
worked.
Custom of the day
permitted consanguinary marriage.
Albinus decried this as incest,
and fought against it, making enemies in many powerful families who practiced
it. He called councils at Orleans in 538 and 541,
both of which condemned this and other morals offenses.
Legend says that when he
visited Etheria, a woman imprisoned by King Childebert
for bad debts, the woman threw
herself at Albinus’ feet, and pled for help. A guard made
a move to strike her, but Albinus breathed in the man’s face, and he fell dead.
Etheria was soon released.
Another time Augin passed
a prison tower
in Angers, and heard the cries and moans of badly treated prisoners.
He pled with the local magistrate for
their release, but was refused. He returned to the tower and prayed in
front of it; after several hours, a landslide brought down part of the tower,
the prisoners escaped,
followed Albinus to the church of Saint Maurichies,
reformed their ways, and became model citizens and Christians.
The abbey of Saint Aubin
in Angers was erected in his memory.
Born
469 at Vannes, Brittany, France
relics at
the Cathedral of Saint Germanus
in Paris, France
against
pertussis or whooping cough
Additional
Information
Book
of Saints, by the Monks of
Ramsgate
Lives
of the Saints, by Father Alban
Butler
Roman
Martyrology, 1914 edition
Saints
of the Order of Saint Benedict, by Father Aegedius
Ranbeck, O.S.B.
books
Dictionary of Saints, by John Delaney
Lives of the Saints, by
Sabine Baring-Gould
Our Sunday Visitor’s Encyclopedia of Saints
other
sites in english
images
webseiten
auf deutsch
sitios
en español
Martirologio Romano, 2001 edición
sites
en français
L’Eglise catholique dans l’Aisne
fonti
in italiano
websites
in nederlandse
nettsteder
i norsk
sites
em português
spletne
strani v slovenšcini
MLA
Citation
“Saint Albinus of
Angers“. CatholicSaints.Info. 2 November 2021. Web. 1 March 2023. <https://catholicsaints.info/saint-albinus-of-angers/>
SOURCE : https://catholicsaints.info/saint-albinus-of-angers/
%2C_RP-P-2014-28-3.jpg)
H.
Albinus van Angers S. Albinus. Episcopus et Confessor, ca. 1635
Saint Albinus, Bishop of
Angers, Confessor
He was of an ancient and
noble family in Brittany, and from his childhood was fervent in every exercise
of piety. He ardently sighed after the happiness which a devout soul finds in
being perfectly disengaged from all earthly things. Having embraced the
monastic state at Cincillac, called afterwards Tintillant, a place somewhere
near Angers, he shone a perfect model of virtue, especially of prayer,
watching, universal mortification of the senses, and obedience, living as if in
all things he had been without any will of his own, and his soul seemed so
perfectly governed by the Spirit of Christ as to live only for him. At the age
of thirty-five years, he was chosen abbot, in 504, and twenty-five years
afterwards, bishop of Angers. He everywhere restored discipline, being inflamed
with a holy zeal for the honor of God. His dignity seemed to make no alteration
either in his mortifications, or in the constant recollection of his soul.
Honored by all the world, even by kings, he was never affected with vanity.
Powerful in works and miracles, he looked upon himself as the most unworthy and
most unprofitable among the servants of God, and had no other ambition than to
appear such in the eyes of others, as he was in those of his own humility. By
his courage in maintaining the law of God and the canons of the church, he
showed that true greatness of soul is founded in the most sincere humility. In
the third council of Orleans, in 538, he procured the thirtieth canon of the
council of Epaoue to be revived, by which those are declared excommunicated who
presume to contract incestuous marriages in the first or second degree of
consanguinity or affinity. He died on the 1st of March, in 549. His relics were
taken up and enshrined by Saint Germanus of Paris, and a council of bishops,
with Eutropius, the saint’s successor, at Angers, in 556; and the most
considerable part still remains in the church of the famous abbey of Saint
Albinus at Angers, built upon the spot where he was buried, by king Childebert,
a little before his relics were enshrined. Many churches in France, and several
monasteries and villages, bear his name. He was honored by many miracles, both
in his life-time and after his death. Several are related in his life written
by Fortunatus, bishop of Poitiers, who came to Angers to celebrate his festival
seven years after his decease; also by Saint Gregory of Tours.
Father Alban Butler.
“Siant Albinus, Bishop of Angers, Confessor”. Lives of the Fathers,
Martyrs, and Principal Saints, 1866. Saints.SQPN.com. 30 July 2012. Web. 1
March 2013. http://saints.sqpn.com/butlers-lives-of-the-saints-saint-albinus-bishop-of-angers-confessor/
SOURCE : http://saints.sqpn.com/butlers-lives-of-the-saints-saint-albinus-bishop-of-angers-confessor/
Here followeth the Life
of Saint Albine.
Saint Albine was born of
noble lineage in the parts of Italy.
In his childhood he loved
and served God ententively and with so great will that he left both his father
and his mother, his parents and friends, land, and all worldly riches, and
became a monk in an abbey, called in Latin Tincillacensis Monasterium, where he
ne did show of his noblesse, but only the good conditions. He was humble and
serviceable unto all, and was ever in continual prayers and replenished with
all virtues, ready and apparelled to flee and eschew all vices. When Saint
Albine came to the age of thirty years he was made abbot of the same abbey,
which he governed both temporally and spiritually by the space of
five-and-twenty years, so that our Lord was at all times well and devoutly
served, and all goods temporal daily grew there. The bishop of Angers died that
time, and then this holy Saint Albine, by the grace and will of our Lord, and
by the common and concordable assent of all the chapter, was promoted to the
dignity of bishop there, whereas he was afterwards known so perfect and so
charitable that doubtless his promotion was cause of the salvation of many
souls.
A woman there was in the
city of Angiers which had her hands as lame and counterfeited for cause of a
sickness that men called the gout, wherewith she was sore vexed. And she made her
prayer and demanded help of the saint, and soon she was holpen and relieved
from that sickness only by that he handled three times her hands.
And on a time as Saint
Albine went through a town within his diocese, he saw the father and mother
weeping over their child dead, took on them pity, made his prayer unto our
Lord, and suddenly their child was raised to life. Item a blind man demanded
help of Saint Albine, and the Albine holy bishop made the sign of the cross
over him, and anon he was enlumined again. Item as Saint Albine did pass on a
time before the prison house at Angers, the prisoners cried and besought him
for help. The holy bishop having on them great compassion went unto the bailey
and prayed him for them, but nought availed there his prayer, wherefore he went
to his church, and soon after, his prayer made to God, kneeling before the high
altar, a great part of the prison wall fell down and so escaped every prisoner
there.
A woman vexed with a
wicked spirit was brought before this holy bishop, and as soon as the enemy
perceived the holy man, he put himself into the woman’s eye in form of a little
whelk, red as any blood, to whom Saint Albine, making the sign of the cross
said: Thou wicked spirit, thou shalt not destroy the eye which thou madest not
nor canst make. And anon the same little whelk began to bleed as one had slimed
it. The enemy then went from her, which in good health was left and of her wit
restored.
After our English tongue,
Albinus is as much for to say as primo: as he was white, quia albinus dicitur
quasi albus, and thus this holy saint was all white by purity of clean living.
Secundo: as he that in himself hath bounty or goodness: sic albinus dicitur
quasi bonus, and verily this holy bishop was good. Tercio: as he that by vigour
or force flyeth to the spiritually: sic albinus dicitur alias binas habens,
that is to wit, hope and faith, therewith this holy saint was replenished.
It is read that Saint
Albine had two wives, that is to wit two nurses, which did nourish him, whereof
the process or tale is such. Saint Albine Iying in his cradle was left alone,
doubting none inconvenience, in a garden, and a she-wolf came and ravished the
child and bare it into the fields. Tvvo maidens then passed that way, perceived
the child, and came thither as he lay on the earth, and having pity on him, one
of them said: Would to God I had milk to foster thee withal, and these words
thus said, she saw her paps that grew, rose up and were filled with milk. She
then took the child and gave him suck. Semblably said and prayed the other
maid, and anon she had milk as her fellow had, and so they two nourished the
holy child Albine.
It happed on a time that
the Normans in great number of men of arms came into the country where the holy
corpse of Saint Albine rested, and the people there, so sore they travailled
that they,ne wist where to become and flee. And a man armed all in white came
among the said people and said: Why doubt you to saute and befight your enemy
so that ye have Saint Albine to your help and defence? And that said he
vanished away. Wherefore the people took courage and armed them and went
against their enemies and discomfited them. S Albine was buried at Angers, and
when his successor would have translated him into a greater chapel in the
presence of Saint Germain and many other more, came thither four men
counterfaited and lame in all their members, also two blind men which all six
were there by the merits of S Albine relieved into their good health, that is
to wit, the counterfaited redressed of their members, and the blind enlumined.
This holy saint Albine was bishop of Angers by the space of twenty years and
six months, whose soul took his siege in paradise the year of his nativity four
score, thereas by the merits of him may lead us the Father the Son and the Holy
Ghost. Amen.
SOURCE : http://saints.sqpn.com/golden-legend-saint-albine/
St. Albinus of Angers, Bishop
(Aubin)
1 March
Born in Vannes, Brittany,
France; died c. 554. Here is another saint of whose childhood we know next to
nothing, except that he was of Irish and English descent and lived in Brittany.
He comes out of the unknown and enters, as it were, another unknown--for after
renouncing the fortune of his father, he enters the cloistered life, giving
himself to prayer and silence and solitude.
At the age of 35, he was abbot of Tincillac Monastery near Angers. The stories
that come down to us show one thing quite clearly: He is a man who detests
anything that is adulterated, whether it be the Rule of St. Benedict, the
sacraments of the Christian faith, or the human body. We might say of him that
his mouth never lost its taste for spring water.
In 529 the people of Angers succeeded in having Albinus chosen as their bishop,
not so much because they respected his concern for their faith but because they
knew his upright character would protect them well against the civil and
military authorities. These people knew how to pick someone to protect their
interests.
Albinus soon came into conflict with Childebert, the son of Clovis. A certain
noble lady named Etheria, unable to pay her debts, was thrown into prison, and
called for her bishop to visit her. Bishops like Albinus have the sacraments in
their blood, in their muscles, in their hands, in their mouths, in their very
gestures; so that when Etheria and Albinus were attacked by one of the guards,
Albinus simply blew a puff of breath upon the guard who (tradition says) died
upon the spot.
If the story is true, or even if it were untrue but believed in locally, it is
not hard to understand how the authority and fear of Albinus spread rapidly
throughout the territory, or to explain why the creditors cancelled the debts
of all prisoners at the simple suggestion of the new bishop.
Albinus's next project was to release all the prisoners from another jail at
Angers, not that he failed to recognise the inmates were criminals rather than
gentle lambs, but because he lost faith in the prison system, at least the one in
his see.
He went to the judge and requested amnesty; but when he was refused, he
convoked a huge gathering of his flock about the prison, led everyone in prayer
until a huge stone was released, which plunged through the walls of the jail.
Out came the prisoners, like water through a spout, to be led to the bishop's
church where they were busy with prayers and promises of amendment through the
night.
No biographer has ever suggested that these prisoners to a man were converted
into saints, but the bishop no doubt believed their release was considerably
better than the brutality of prison life in those days.
Albinus convoked local councils, reformed his church, fought abuses in civil
and ecclesiastical marriage laws, and opposed errors of faith. He took a
prominent role in the third council of Orleans in 538. His popularity is beyond
dispute as is shown by the very number of towns named for him. Legend reports
that whole villages were converted and baptized together as a result of his
preaching.
Albinus did not die a martyr, rather his body simply wore out. The abbey of
Saint-Aubin in Angers was erected in his memory. Saint-Aubin de Moeslain (Haute
Marne) is even today a popular place of pilgrimage (Benedictines, Encyclopaedia).
In art, St. Albinus is portrayed as a blind bishop. He is venerated at Angers,
Brittany, Haute Marne, and is invoked for children in danger of death (Roeder).
SOURCE : https://celticsaints.org/2014/0301d.html
Saint
Albino. Colour photogravure, 1898.
Sant' Albino di
Angers Vescovo
Vannes, Francia, verso il
496 - 1 marzo 550
Vescovo di Angers tra il
529 e il 550, è ricordato proprio per il suo impegno riformatore dentro la
Chiesa ma anche per i numerosi richiami e le critiche ai costumi moralmente
discutibili dei membri della nobiltà, soprattutto nell'ambito matrimoniale. Era
nato verso il 469 a Vannes e aveva scelto la vita da monaco; nel 504 diventò
abate facendosi notare per la testimonianza di vita cristiana. Fu il popolo
stesso, vincendo le sue resistenze, che lo volle come vescovo di Angers.
Partecipò ai Concili di Orléans che tra il 538 e il 549 regolarono diversi
aspetti fondamentali della Chiesa dei Franchi.È ricordato come difensore dei
poveri e dei prigionieri. Inoltre richiamò i signori merovingi al rispetto del
vincolo matrimoniale. Morì il 1 marzo 550.
Etimologia: Albino =
bianco, dal latino
Emblema: Bastone
pastorale
Martirologio
Romano: Ad Angers nella Gallia lugdunense, ora in Francia, sant’Albino,
vescovo, che biasimò con forza i costumi superbi dei potenti e con impegno
promosse il III Concilio di Orléans per il rinnovamento della Chiesa.
Nato verso il 469 a Vannes da nobile famiglia, fu monaco e quindi (504) abate a Tincillac (o Cincillac), da identificarsi con N. S. di Nantilly a Samour o a Théhillac, presso Guérande. Per circa venticinque anni Albino resse santamente l'abbazia, e la fama delle sue virtù ebbe rapida diffusione tanto che nel 529 fu eletto, per desiderio popolare e nonostante le sue resistenze, vescovo di Angers. Lottò particolarmente contro i matrimoni incestuosi, frequenti tra i nobili, partecipando attivamente ai Concili d'Orléans del 538 e del 541 mentre si fece rappresentare dall'abate Sapaudo in quello del 549. Il suo energico atteggiamento gli procurò minacce di morte e contrasti con gli altri vescovi, ma dall'approvazione di s. Cesario trasse nuova lena per proseguire nella sua difficile e pericolosa opera moralizzatrice. Morì il 1° marzo 550 ad Angers e fu sepolto nella chiesa di St. Pierre d'Angers; ma già nel 556 gli fu dedicata una chiesa nella cui cripta le sue spoglie vennero traslate.
Presso la chiesa sorse immediatamente un'abbazia (il cui primo abate fu, forse, Sapaudo) e in essa il corpo di Albino trovò definitiva sistemazione nel 1126. Da Gregorio di Tours sappiamo che già ai suoi tempi il culto di s. Albino era oltremodo diffuso; in seguito si estese in Germania, in Inghilterra e in Polonia, facendo di Albino uno dei santi più popolari del Medio Evo. La sua festa cade il 1° marzo.
Autore: Charles Lefebvre
SOURCE : https://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/43350
Den hellige Albinus av
Angers (~469-550)
Minnedag: 1.
mars
Den hellige Albinus (fr:
Aubin) ble født rundt 469 nær landsbyen Languidic, ikke langt fra Vannes i
Bretagne i Nordvest-Frankrike. Han kom fra en rik gallo-romansk adelsfamilie
(andre kilder beskriver familien som av irsk eller engelsk opphav). Han var et fromt
barn, og som ung mann bestemte han seg for å bli munk, selv om familien var mot
dette. Vi vet ikke hvordan han ble kristen, for denne delen av Gallia hadde
akkurat akseptert den nye religionen og den store romerske byen Vannes hadde
først nylig fått sin første biskop. I løpet av sitt lange liv så Albanus område
endres fra en provins i det romerske imperiet til å bli en del av det frankiske
kongeriket. Samtidig levde og virket han på grensen til keltisk Bretagne, så
han levde under innflytelse fra tre kulturer.
Da Albinus var midt i
tyveårene, ga han avkall på sin fars formue, forlot sitt komfortable hjem i
Bretagne og ble munk i nærliggende Tincillac (Tincillacense, Cincillac,
Tintillac), som ikke lenger finnes, men som er identifisert som Vår Frue av Nantilly
i Saumur eller i Théhillac nær Guérande. Klosteret må ha vært en liten samling
av små bygninger med et kapell og individuelle celler. Albinus fikk håret
klippet til en munks tonsur og fikk sitt latinske klosternavn Albinus. I
klosteret levde han et strengt liv av selvfornektelse, med lange perioder i
bønn og hyppig faste, og han ble høyt elsket og respektert av de andre munkene.
I 504 ble den 35-årige
Albinus valgt til abbed i sitt kloster, og i rundt 25 år presiderte han der.
Han arbeidet hardt for å forbedre kommunitetsånden og sine munkers åndelige
disiplin. Mens han var i klosteret, feide hærene til de erobrende frankerne
over Frankrike, og Albinus sluttet seg nok til de vidt spredte bønnene om den
hedenske kong Klodvigs omvendelse. Kongen ble døpt i 496.
Ryktet om Albinus' dyder
spredte seg raskt, og i 529 sendte innbyggerne i Angers i Vest-Frankrike en
delegasjon til ham for å be ham om å bli deres biskop. Folkets viktigste motiv
for dette valget var at de visste at hans rettskafne karakter ville beskytte
dem godt mot de sivile og militære myndighetene. Han tok meget motvillig imot
valget, og i en alder av seksti år forlot han sitt fredelige kloster til fordel
for det travle livet i byen Angers. Biskop Laud av Coutances var en venn av
Albinus og kom sørover til Angers til konsekrasjonen.
I Angers bodde han i
bispegården sammen med flere andre prester ved siden av den høye bymuren. Han
hadde en stor basilika å administrere, flere mindre kirker og et baptisterium
(dåpskapell), og i tillegg hadde han ansvaret for prestene i landsbyer i hele bispedømmet.
Biskop Albinus var høyt elsket av innbyggerne i Angers. Han var en glimrende
lærer av de store kristne sannheter, og han underviste folket hver dag. Han
viste stor sjenerøsitet overfor de syke og fattige, brukte bispedømmets midler
til å kjøpe fri slaver når det var mulig og tok seg av dem. Han deltok aktivt
på konsilet i Orléans i 538 etter at han hadde reist til Paris for å be kong
Kildebert av Paris (511-58), sønn av kong Klodvig, om tillatelse til at det
kunne holdes. Han deltok også på konsilet i Orléans i 541, men måtte la seg
representere av abbed Sapaudo på konsilet i 549.
Han kjempet spesielt mot
de incestuøse ekteskapene som var vanlige blant adelen. Han kom snart i
konflikt med kong Kildebert. Hans energiske holdning førte til drapstrusler og
uoverensstemmelser med de andre biskopene, for sørgelig nok var mange biskoper
på denne tiden korrupte og lite åndelige menn. Men anerkjennelsen fra den
hellige erkebiskop Caesarius av Arles ga
Albinus ny energi til å fortsette sitt vanskelige og farlige arbeid med å preke
moral. Selv om han var en gammel mann, reiste han de 65 milene til Arles i
Sør-Frankrike sammen med sin venn Leobin, som
omtrent på denne tiden ble utnevnt til biskop av Chartres. Ellers finnes det få
opplysninger om Albinus. Allerede mens han levde var han kjent som undergjører.
Tradisjonen forteller at
Albinus hjalp alle i nød og brukte bispedømmets midler til å kjøpe fri gisler
fra sjørøvere. En annen tradisjon forteller om hvordan han hjalp en viss
adelskvinne ved navn Etheria (Etherie) fra Douille nær Angers.
Legenden forteller at
Etheria var satt i fengsel av kong Kildebert på grunn av stor gjeld, og hun
sendte da bud etter sin biskop for å besøke henne. Da han kom til fengselet,
kastet hun seg for hans føtter og tryglet om hjelp. En vakt styrtet da til for
å slå henne, men Albinus pustet i mannens ansikt, og han falt død om. Etheria
ble snart løslatt.
En annen gang passerte
han et fangetårn i Angers og hørte skrik og stønn fra fanger som ble
mishandlet. Han anmodet da den lokale dommeren om at de ble løslatt, men dette
ble avslått. Han vendte da tilbake til tårnet og ba foran det, og etter flere timer
raste deler av tårnet sammen. Fangene slapp fri, fulgte Albinus til kirken
Saint-Maurichies, forandret sitt liv og ble mønsterborgere og kristne.
Albinus døde den 1. mars
550 (kilden Benedictines skriver rundt 554) i Angers og ble gravlagt
i kirken Saint-Pierre der. Men allerede i 556 ble en kirke viet til ham, og
hans jordiske rester ble overført til krypten der. Nær denne kirken ble
klosteret Saint-Aubin straks bygd, og den første abbeden var kanskje før nevnte
Sapaudo, og her fant Albinus' relikvier sitt endelige hvilested i 1126. Saint-Aubin
de Moeslain i Haute Marne er fremdeles et populært valfartsmål. Relikvier
finnes også i katedralen Saint-Germain i Paris.
Albinus var en populær
helgen som ved sin forbønn hjalp de fattige, vekket opp døde og helbredet
blinde på underfullt vis. Han påkalles for barn i livsfare. Den hellige Venantius Fortunatus (ca
530-600), skrev en biografi om Albinus som er nær samtidig, og siden den også
er skrevet av en anerkjent forfatter, er den mer pålitelig enn mange av
biografiene om tidlige helgener.
Fra den hellige Gregor av Tours vet
vi at allerede på hans tid var Albinus' kult spredt vidt omkring på grunn av
disse miraklene. Senere spredte den seg til Tyskland, England og Polen, noe som
gjorde Albinus til en av de mest populære helgenene i middelalderen. Kirker ble
viet til ham over hele kontinentet så langt som til Polen, og han ble noen
ganger sett på som skytshelgen for beskyttelse mot sjørøverangrep. Dette kan ha
vært basert på tradisjonen at han kjøpte tilbake sognebarn som hadde blitt tatt
til fange av sjørøvere når de seilte om Loire.
Senere ble tradisjonen
styrket av et mirakel nedskrevet på 900-tallet, da den beleirede byen Guérande
nær munningen av Loire ba til Albanus om hjelp og fant deres angripere beseiret
på mirakuløst vis. I middelalderen skrev Nicholas Belfort en beskrivelse av
mirakler som var skjedd ved Albinus' grav etter år 1000. Belfort var en
regelbundet kannik i klosteret St. Johannes Døperen ved byen Soissons. På denne
måten økte hans berømmelse og mange landsbyer ved kysten valgte Albinus til sin
skytshelgen. Dette er trolig grunnen til at Saint-Aubin på Jersey er oppkalt
etter ham og bevarer navnet på et gammelt kapell som for lengst er forsvunnet.
Hans minnedag er
dødsdagen 1. mars, og hans navn står i Martyrologium Romanum. Han fremstilles
som en biskop som helbreder blinde.
Kilder:
Attwater/Cumming, Benedictines, Bunson, Kaas, Gorys, Dammer/Adam, CSO, Patron
Saints SQPN, Infocatho, Heiligenlexikon, santiebeati.it, celt-saints,
en.wikipedia.org, societe-jersiaise.org, kirchensite.de - Kompilasjon og
oversettelse: p. Per Einar Odden -
Opprettet: 2004-04-05 20:06 - Sist oppdatert: 2007-07-24 20:54
SOURCE : http://www.katolsk.no/biografier/historisk/aangers
Albinus (ook Aubin) van
Angers, Frankrijk; 9e bisschop; † 550.
Feest 1 &
2 maart.
Saint Aubin werd in 469
geboren te Vannes, Bretagne. Zijn ouders waren van Angelsaksische afkomst. Nog
als jongen trad hij toe tot het klooster Cincillac, ook wel genoemd Tintillane;
dit lag in de omgeving van Angers. Op vijfendertigjarige leeftijd werd hij tot
abt gekozen. Deze functie zou hij vijfentwintig jaar lang op inspirerende wijze
hebben bekleed. Vervolgens werd hij in 529 door de bevolking van de stad
gevraagd hun bisschop te worden. Ondanks zijn verweer wisten ze hem zover te
krijgen. Hij werd gewijd in het bijzijn van de bisschoppen Lô van Coutances (†
568; feest 22 september), Victor II van Le Mans en Marcus van Nantes († 6e eeuw;
feest 25 december). Zijn liefdadigheid, zijn verstorven levenswijze en de
wonderen die hij wist te verrichten, waren toen al wijd en zijn bekend. Ieder
herinnerde zich nog hoe hij vanuit zijn geloof dat de mens in wezen goed is,
gevangenen uit hun kerkers had bevrijd. In ruil daarvoor moesten zij zweren bij
de heilige Maurille (of Maurilius: † 437; feest 13 september), de populaire
heilige bisschop van Angers uit vroeger eeuwen, hun leven te beteren en niet
meer te zondigen.
Hij was bevriend met Sint
Mélaine, bisschop van Rennes († 530; feest 6 november) en stond op goede voet
met koning Childebert († 558). Reeds tijdens zijn leven werd Aubin al beschouwd
als een heilige. Dat wordt onderstreept door de wonderverhalen die over hem de
ronde deden. Zo zou hij een meisje van adellijke afkomst te hulp zijn
geschoten, toen zij vanwege haar uitzonderlijke schoonheid de begeerte van
koning Childebert had gewekt en deze haar had laten opsluiten. Etheria heette
zij. Zij was afkomstig uit het plaatsje Douillé vlakbij Angers. Albinus ging er
meteen op af en sommeerde dat zij onmiddellijk in vrijheid moest worden
gesteld. Een van de soldaten verzette zich daartegen en begon ontzettend tegen
de man Gods te vloeken. Maar hij hoefde de onverlaat slechts in zijn gezicht te
blazen of die viel onmiddellijk dood neer.
De verteller wil hiermee
onderstrepen dat de heilige zo vervuld was van Gods kracht dat hij zelfs kon
beschikken over leven en dood van zijn tegenstrevers. Toch is dit een
bedenkelijke legende. Uit het evangelie weten we dat God niet uit is op de dood
of zelfs de doodstraf van zondaars, maar op hun bekering ten leven.
De koning zelf was
intussen zo geschrokken van deze dingen dat hij van Etheria afzag, echter wel
een geldelijke vergoeding eiste. Die betaalde de bisschop uit eigen zak.
Bij een andere
gelegenheid werd hem een gestorven jongetje voor de voeten gelegd. Volgens
sommigen heette hij Alabaudus; anderen zeggen Malabodus. Op zijn gebed bracht
Albinus hem tot het keven terug.
In het maatschappelijke
leven was hij vooral actief op regionale bisschoppenconferenties die allerhande
kwesties moesten oplossen. Zo toonde Aubin zich tijdens het concilie van
Orléans in 541 onbuigzaam op het stuk van de incest. In die tijd was het
bepaald niet ongebruikelijk dat hogere heren een huwelijk aangingen met hun zus
of dochter; ook moeders van adel trouwden niet zelden met hun bloedeigen zoon:
dat had vooral te maken met het feit dat men dan de bezittingen niet hoefde op
te delen en in één hand bleven. Uit angst voor mogelijke represailles zwegen de
meeste bisschoppen hierover, maar Aubin klaagde deze misstand aan. Het deed de
mensen kwaad. Aan zijn omgeving vertrouwde hij eens toe dat het waarschijnlijk
met hem net zo zou aflopen als met Johannes de Doper; over hem immers vertelt
het evangelie dat hij deze zelfde misstand aanklaagde bij koning Herodes en dat
hem dat de kop kostte; letterlijk (Markus 06,14-29). Maar intussen wist hij
door zijn moed te bewerken dat de Gallische bisschoppen incest officieel als
een kwaad bestempelden dat, wanneer men zich eraan bezondigde, automatische
excommunicatie uit de geloofsgemeenschap met zich meebracht.
Hij stierf op 1 maart 550
en werd op last van koning Childebert zeven jaar later bijgezet in een basiliek die speciaal
voor dit doel was gebouwd. Deze vormde de basis van een bloeiend klooster dat
naar hem werd genoemd, Saint-Aubin.
In zijn boekje De Glorie
van de Belijders schrijft Sint Gregorius van Tours († 594; feest 17 november):
‘Onlangs heeft de
priester Fortunatus (= Venantius Fortunatus: † 610; feest 14
december) een boek geschreven over het leven van de belijder Albinus.
Daarin toont hij aan dat deze door de genade van zijn verdiensten wonderen
bewerkt op zijn graf. Toen zijn feestdag aanbrak, werd er een lamme man, zonder
enige macht in zijn ledematen, op een wagentje de kerk in gereden tot voor het
venster in de apsis; daar lag het heilig gebeente begraven. Hij viel in slaap
en zag een man naar zich toe komen die hem zei: “Hoe lang slaap je al? Of wil
je niet genezen worden?” De verlamde man antwoordde: “Ik wou dat ik het
verdiende genezen te worden.” De man zei: “Als je de klok hoort luiden
voor het gebed van de terts (= negen uur in de morgen), moet je
onmiddellijk opstaan en de kerk binnengaan waar je naartoe bent gekomen. Want
op dat uur zal de gezegende Martinus († 397; feest 11 november) de
kerk binnenkomen in gezelschap van Albinus. Na een kort gebed gaat hij dan door
naar zijn feest in Tours.
Werd Sint Maarten in
het middeleeuwse Tours ook gevierd op een dag in het voorjaar?
Als je daar op dat moment bent, zul je genezen worden.” De man aarzelde niet en naderde tot Sint Albinus’ tombe, zodra de klok klonk. Toen de monniken een Lofzang uit de psalmen van David begonnen te zingen werd de kerk van Sint Albinus vervuld van een zoete geur. De voeten van de man kregen kracht en hij stond op, genezen en wel. De hele omgeving waar de heilige wordt vereerd verzekert dat velen – dus niet een paar – hiervan getuigen waren. Ook een vrouw uit het dorpje Crû, die van haar geboorte af blind was, riep de naam van Sint Albinus aan en kreeg op zijn feestdag haar gezichtsvermogen terug.’
[GTC.1988p:98]
Verder wordt van hem
verteld dat hij de Bretonse stad Guérande te hulp kwam, toen ze door de
vikingen werd bedreigd. Hij verscheen aan de hemel als een strijder te paard en
joeg de vijand zoveel schrik aan dat ze op de vlucht sloegen. Sindsdien is hij
de patroonheilige van
de stad.
Afgebeeld
Hij wordt afgebeeld als bisschop (mijter, staf, tabberd), met slachtoffers van
bezetenheid aan zijn voeten.
[Aut.1986»Albin; DSB.1979p:33; Ere.1654p:214;
Gby.1991p:75.293.516.521; Gri.1974p:166; GTC.1988p:98; Gué.1880/3p:83vv;
Lin.1999; Lo1.1837p:139; Mdl.1964p:64(zegent hostie); Pch.1966:33; Pra.1988p:26kop);
Rld.1963; Dries van den Akker s.j./2013.08.07]
© A. van den Akker
s.j.
SOURCE : https://www.heiligen.net/heiligen/03/01/03-01-0550-albinus.php
Sant'Albino
di Montepulciano, chiesa di Sant'Albino, Facciata
Albinus von Angers
französischer Name: Aubin
Gedenktag katholisch: 1. März
Übertragung der Gebeine ins Kloster Lézat-sur-Lèze bei Rieux-Minervais nahe
Toulouse 1621: 5. April
Niederlegung der Gebeine: 11. Juli (?)
Übertragung der Gebeine: 27. August, 25. Oktober
Name bedeutet: der Weiße (latein.) oder: edler
Freund (althochdt.)
Bischof von Angers, Bekenner
* um 469
† 554 (?) in Angers in
Frankreich
Albinus war Augustiner-Chorherr bei Angers.
504 wurde er Abt im Kloster Tincillacense in Westfrankreich - möglicherweise
das heutige Guérande bei
Nantes oder auch das heutige Théhillac bei
Nantes - und um 529 Bischof von Embrum / Angers. Er stellte die religiöse Zucht
in seiner Diözese wieder her und wurde durch Wundertaten bekannt. 538, 541 und
549 nahm er an den Synoden in Orléans teil.
Schon Gregor
von Tours kannte Albinus' Verehrung in der Basilika in Angers,
die ihm 556 geweiht wurde. Im Mittelalter breitete sich die Verehrung in
Frankreich, England, Deutschland und in Polen aus. Seine Lebensgeschichte
verfasste Venantius
Fortunatus.
Patron der kranken Kinder; bei Blindheit und
Keuchhusten
Bauernregeln: Regnet's stark an Albinus, / macht's dem Bauern viel Verdruss!
Albin Regen / kein Erntesegen.
Wenn es an St.Albin regnet,
gibt es weder Heu noch Stroh.
Autor: Joachim
Schäfer - zuletzt aktualisiert am 13.09.2021
Quellen:
• Erhard Gorys: Lexikon der Heiligen. dtv, München, 1997
• Otto Wimmer, Hartmann Melzer: Lexikon der Namen und Heiligen, bearb. u. erg. von Josef Gelmi. Tyrolia, Innsbruck, 1988
• http://www.bauernregeln.net/maerz.html
• Lexikon für Theologie und Kirche, begr. von Michael Buchberger. Hrsg. von Walter Kasper, 3., völlig neu bearb. Aufl., Bd. 1. Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 1993
• Jean Le Boyer: Notices sur les villes et les principales communes du département de la Loire-inférieur. L'imprimerie de Forest, Nantes 1825
korrekt zitieren: Joachim Schäfer: Artikel Albinus von Angers, aus dem Ökumenischen Heiligenlexikon - https://www.heiligenlexikon.de/BiographienA/Albinus_von_Angers.htm, abgerufen am 1. 3. 2023
Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet das Ökumenische
Heiligenlexikon in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte
bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://d-nb.info/1175439177 und http://d-nb.info/969828497 abrufbar.
SOURCE : https://www.heiligenlexikon.de/BiographienA/Albinus_von_Angers.htm
Voir aussi : http://hodiemecum.hautetfort.com/archive/2008/03/01/1er-mars-saint-aubin-eveque-d-angers-confesseur-d-une-renomm.html
