Saint Dominique
Ermite (+ 1060)
Ermite surnommé "l'encuirassé" à cause des
instruments de pénitence qu'il portait sur lui en réaction contre la décadence
morale du clergé de son époque. Il vécut d'abord dans les Marches d'Ancône dans
la solitude et un rigoureuse pénitence. Il portait directement sur sa chair une
cuirasse de fer qu'il ne quittait que pour se donner la discipline en expiation
de ses fautes et en réparation de celles des autres chrétiens. Son père
spirituel lui permet de partir pour Font-Avellano dans la province de Spolète,
où il prit le chemin du ciel.
SOURCE : http://nominis.cef.fr/contenus/saint/8559/Saint-Dominique.html
Saint Dominique l’Encuirassé
Fête le 14 octobre
† 1060
Lorsqu’il découvrit que ses parents avaient acheté
l’évêque pour qu’il devienne prêtre, il refusa de dire la messe une fois de
plus, et se fit ermite. Son surnom « l’Encuirassé », provient de la
cotte de mailles qu’il portait. Saint Pierre Damien fit de lui le prieur d’un
ermitage près de San Severino Marche, aux environs de Tolentino.
SOURCE : http://www.martyretsaint.com/dominique-lencuirasse/
Also known as
Domenico Loricato
Profile
To get Dominic ordained,
his parents made a gift to their local bishop,
committing the sin of simony.
Learning of it, Dominic devoted himself to penance, even wearing an iron
cuirass next to his skin. Hermit at Luceolo, Italy. Hermit in Montefeltro, Italy. Monk at Fonte
Avellano Abbey. Spiritual student of Saint Peter
Damian.
Born
1060 of
natural causes
Additional Information
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Martirologio Romano, 2001 edición
fonti in italiano
MLA Citation
“Saint Dominic Loricatus“. CatholicSaints.Info.
30 July 2020. Web. 12 September 2021.
<http://catholicsaints.info/saint-dominic-loricatus/>
SOURCE : http://catholicsaints.info/saint-dominic-loricatus/
Dominic Lauricatus (Loricatus), OSB Hermit (RM)
Born in Umbria, Italy, in 995; died 1060. Throughout
his life Dominic wore a coat of rough iron chain mail next to his skin (hence
the name Loricatus, which means clothed in armor). He wore it not for
protection, but for mortification. His father had him ordained a priest in
contravention of canon law by means of a bribe. Upon learning about this,
Dominic determined to do penance for the rest of his life.
He remembered the words of St Paul: "I find then
a law that, when I would do good, evil is present with me. For I delight in the
law of God after the inward man: but I see another law in my members, warring
against the law of my mind, and bringing me into captivity to the law of sin
which is in my members. O wretched man that I am! Who shall deliver me from the
body of this death?" (Romans 7:21-24). Dominic took stock of the
respective strength of his body and his soul, and found that his body was the
stronger. He therefore attacked it resolutely, violently, scourging himself
without mercy.
He became a hermit, then a Benedictine monk.
Fontavellana Abbey to which he belonged had no fixed rule, each inmate was left
to perfect himself as his own way and to invent his own method of
mortification. Saint Dominic's was to wear his iron coat of mail next to his skin,
removing it only when scourging himself, at which time he also recited Psalms.
His particular exercise was to recite the psalter as quickly as possible, and
at the same time give himself as many strokes as possible.
We would be wrong to laugh at him, for our own century
is even more ridiculous with its constant search for records, and moreover
Dominic harmed no one, not even himself, since in the long run he proved
himself worthy of God.
The only chink in his armor was that he could not live
peacefully with the other monks and had to change his hermitage frequently. A
champion of violence against himself, he was perhaps too violent with others as
well, not physically but in his attitude. Violent personalities such as his
often arouse hostility and fear.
His superior, Saint Peter Damian, once pointed out to
him that "gentle patience is a virtue," but Dominic preferred to
suffer physically at his own hands than to suffer in his spirit at the hands of
others. And if there is more than a touch of pride in this, we should remember
that Dominic was a man like the rest of us.
It might perhaps seem that he was insulting his
Creator by thus maltreating the body that had been given him. (It was so much
against his nature to treat his body other than harshly that he died of the
first medicine that, out of obedience, he was obliged to take). But God sees
into our hearts and souls, and the strange and disconcerting attitude of
Dominic was, in the last analysis, an attitude of love. For far greater than
the love or hate of one's body is the love of God, and if Dominic scourged his
body it was from love of God.
Everyone is free to express this love in his own
way--there are probably no two ways which are exactly alike for reaching God.
Few will follow that of Saint Dominic; for even Saint Paul, who despised his
body, did not advise us to clothe ourselves in armor literally, but rather to
arm ourselves in spirit:
"Put on the whole armor of God, that you may be
able to withstand the wiles of the devil. For we wrestle not against flesh and
blood, but against principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the
darkness of this world, against spiritual wickedness in high places. Wherefore
take the whole armor of God, that you may be able to withstand in the evil day,
and having done all, to stand. Stand therefore, having your loins girt about
with truth, and having on the breastplate of righteousness; and your feet shod
with the preparation of the gospel of peace; above all, taking the shield of
faith, wherewith you shall be able to quench all the fiery darts of the wicked.
And take the helmet of salvation, and the sword of the Spirit, which is the
Word of God" (Ephesians 6:11- 17) (Benedictines, Encyclopedia).
He is portrayed as a hermit scourging himself in the
cold with a coat of mail nearby. Venerated at Fontevellana (Roeder).
SOURCE : http://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/1014.shtml
October 14
St. Dominic, Confessor
[Surnamed Loricatus.] THE SEVERITY with
which this fervent penitent condemned himself to penance for a fault into which
he was betrayed without knowing it, is a reproach to those who, after offending
God with full knowledge, and through mere malice, yet expect pardon without
considering the conditions which true repentance requires. Dominic aspired from
his youth to an ecclesiastical state, and being judged sufficiently qualified,
was promoted to priest’s orders; on which occasion his parents had made a
simoniacal stipulation with the bishop, to whom they had made a handsome
present. The young clergyman coming soon after to the knowledge of this crime,
condemned by the divine law, and punished with the severest penalties and censures
by the canons of the church, was struck with remorse, and could never be
induced to approach the altar, or exercise any sacerdotal function. In the
deepest sentiments of compunction he immediately entered upon a course of
rigorous penance. In a desert called Montfeltre, amidst the Appenine mountains,
a holy man called John led a most austere life in continual penance and
contemplation, with whom, in eighteen different cells, lived so many fervent
disciples who had put themselves under his direction. Amongst them no one ever
drank wine, or ate flesh, milk, butter, or any other white meats. They fasted
every day with only bread and water, except on Sundays and Thursdays; had a
very short time allowed them for rest in the night, and spent their time in
manual labour and assiduous prayer. Their silence was perpetual, except that
they were allowed to converse with one another on Sunday evenings, between the
hours of vespers and compline. Severe flagellations were used among them as a
part of their penance. Dominic, after spending some time in a hermitage at
Luceolo, repaired to this superior, and begged with great humility to be
admitted into the company of these anchorets, and having obtained his request,
by the extraordinary austerity of his penance gave a sensible proof how deep
the wound of sorrow and compunction was, with which his heart was pierced.
After some years, with the leave of his superior, he changed his abode with a
view to his greater spiritual improvement, in 1042, retiring to the hermitage
of Fontavellano at the foot of the Appenine in Umbria, which St. Peter Damian
then governed according to the rule of St. Bennet, which it changed in the
sixteenth century for that of Camaldoli. The holy abbot, who had been long
accustomed to meet with examples of heroic penance and all other virtues, was
astonished at the fervour of this admirable penitent. Dominic wore next his
skin a rough iron coat of mail, from which he was surnamed Loricatus, and which
he never put off but to receive the discipline, or voluntary penitential
flagellation.
The penitential canons, by which a long course of most
severe mortifications was enjoined penitents for grievous sins, began about
that time to be easily commuted, through the indulgence of the church, out of
condescension to the weakness of penitents, among whom, few had courage to
comply with them in such a manner as to reap from them the intended advantage.
Being therefore found often pernicious rather than profitable to penitents,
they were mitigated by a more frequent concession of indulgences, and by
substituting penitential pilgrimages, crusades undertaken upon motives of
virtue for the defence of Christendom, or other good works. It then became a
practice of many penitents to substitute this kind of voluntary flagellation,
counting three thousand stripes whilst the person recited ten psalms, for one
year of canonical penance. Thus the whole psalter accompanied with fifteen
thousand stripes was esteemed equivalent to one hundred years of canonical
penance. Dominic, out of an ardent spirit of mortification, was indefatigable
in this penitential practice; which, however, draws its chief advantage from
the perfect spirit of compunction from which it springs. If in sickness he was
sometimes obliged to mingle a little wine with his water, he could never be
induced to continue this custom after he had recovered his health, even in his
old age. St. Peter, after an absence of some.months, once asked him, how he had
lived? To which Dominic replied with tears: “I am become a sensual man.” Which
he explained by saying, that, in obedience, on account of his bad state of
health, he had added on Sundays and Thursdays a little raw fennel to the dry
bread on which he lived. In his last sickness his spirit of penance, far from
being abated, seemed to gather strength. The last night of his life he recited
matins and lauds with his brethren, and expired whilst they sung Prime, on the
14th of October, 1060. See his life written by his superior and great admirer,
St. Peter Damian, l. 1. ep. 19. Also compiled at large, with several
dissertations, by Mr. Tarchi, printed at Rome, an 1751
Rev. Alban Butler (1711–73). Volume X:
October.The Lives of the Saints. 1866.
SOURCE : https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/144.html
San Domenico Loricato Monaco
Sec. X
Domenico, camaldolese del X-XI secolo, è detto
Loricato perché a scopo di penitenza indossava sempre una specie di camicia di
ferro a maglie fitte, detta "lorica". Nato nel territorio di Cagli,
nelle Marche, era monaco a Fonte Avellana, quando il suo amico e maestro Pier
Damiani lo chiamò a reggere la nuova comunità eremitica della Santissima
Trinità alle falde del monte San Vicino. Alla morte, avvenuta nel 1060, il
culto si diffuse rapidamente. Il corpo - posto nella chiesa a lui dedicata-,
quando nel 1400 il monastero si svuotò fu traslato nella chiesa parrocchiale di
Sant'Anna a Frontale (Macerata), dove è venerato. (Avvenire)
Martirologio Romano: A San Severino nelle Marche,
san Domenico, detto Loricato per la cintura di ferro di cui si era cinto i
fianchi, sacerdote dell’Ordine dei Camaldolesi, che, ordinato per simonia, si
fece poi monaco eremita e, discepolo di san Damiano, condusse un’aspra vita di
austerità e penitenza.
San Domenico Loricato (X sec.), originario del Cagliese, è venerato nella chiesa parrocchiale di Frontale (MC), dove riposano le sue spoglie.
Monaco camaldolese a Fonte Avellana, fu chiamato dal suo amico e maestro S. Pier Damiani a reggere la nuova comunità eremitica del monastero della Santissima Trinità, da lui fondato alle falde del San Vicino. Fu l'eroe della penitenza, una penitenza inaudita, tutta tesa a mortificare il proprio corpo, al punto da indossare, senza mai toglierla, una specie di camicia di ferro a maglie concatenate, la "lorica", da cui prese il nome.
Morì il 14 ottobre 1060 e il suo culto si diffuse rapidamente dovunque fosse presente una comunità camaldolese.
Il suo corpo fu posto in venerazione nella Chiesa della Santissima Trinità, che tra la fine del 1200 e gli inizi del 1300 i monaci ricostruirono, dedicandola a lui.
Quando nel 1400 il monastero rimase vuoto, la cura spirituale di Frontale ed il
culto di San Domenico furono affidati al clero secolare. Nel 1776 il santo
corpo fu traslato a Frontale nella chiesa di S. Anna.
La sua festa si celebra il 14 ottobre.
Fonte : Da "San Severino terra di
santi", a cura dell'Archeoclub di San Severino e della Biblioteca Comunale
"F. Antolisei".
SOURCE : http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/90940
