Saint Bernard de Corleone
Frère lai capucin (✝ 1667)
Dans l'imaginaire collectif, la figure de Bernard de Corleone est celle d'un bagarreur de foire à la manière de Ludovico, le ferrailleur du roman de Manzoni. Mais cette image déformée, issue d'une vieille et banale biographie ne correspond pas à la personnalité de Filippo Latino ainsi que s'appelait Bernard avant de devenir capucin.
Lire la suite sur le site du Vatican.
À Palerme en Sicile, l’an 1667, saint Bernard de Corleone, religieux de l’Ordre des Mineurs Capucins. Querelleur et violent dans sa jeunesse, une fois converti, il se fit remarquer par son admirable charité et sa pénitence.
Martyrologe romain
Fr. Antonino da Partanna, un confrère qui lui était très proche, l'a vu en esprit, tout entouré de lumière et proclamant dans une joie ineffable:
"Le paradis! Le paradis! Le paradis! Bénies soient les disciplines! Bénies soient les veilles! Bénis les pénitences, les renoncements à la volonté propre et les gestes d'obéissance! Bénis les jeûnes! Béni le désir de pratiquer une vie religieuse parfaite!"
SOURCE : https://nominis.cef.fr/contenus/saint/419/Saint-Bernard-de-Corleone.html
Bx Bernard de Corléone, Capucin, le saint des artisans
de paix
CITÉ DU VATICAN, Vendredi 8 juin 2001 (ZENIT.org)
– Le Bienheureux Bernard de Corléone, religieux de l´Ordre des Frères
Mineurs Capucins, vécut toute sa vie dans sa Sicile natale, à Palerme, entre 1605
et 1667, en accomplissant d´humbles travaux au sein du couvent. Il peut être
considéré comme un saint patron pour la culture de la paix parce qu´il a été un
artisan de paix et de justice dans un contexte historique marqué par la haine
et les rivalités.
8 JUIN 2001REDACTIONÉcriture Sainte, théologie
Déjà, à Corleone, on appelait la maison de Filippo la « maison des saints »! Parce que son père, Leonardo, cordonnier, se montrait miséricordieux avec les pauvres jusqu´à les ramener chez lui, pour les vêtir et les nourrir. Avec une telle école, ses frères et sœurs n´étaient pas moins vertueux. Une école de la charité fondée sur la dévotion au Christ crucifié et à la Vierge Marie. Il traitait bien ses employés, et il n´hésitait pas, l´hiver, à demander l´aumône pour les prisonniers.
Mais il n´avait qu´un défaut, disaient les braves gens: il savait manier l´épée, comme ce jour où il avait blessé à la main un provocateur, qui devait perdre son bras. C´était en 1624, il avait 19 ans. On le considérait comme la meilleure lame de Sicile! Mais il resta profondément marqué de l´incident.
C´est vers l´âge de 27 ans, en 1631, qu´il opta pour la vie religieuse, revêtant l´habit des Capucins, à Caltanissetta, et Filippo prit le nom de frère Bernard. Sa vie se déroula dans différents couvents de la province: Bisacquino, Bivona, Castelvetrano, Burgio, Partinico, Agrigento, Chiusa, Caltabellotta, Polizzi, peut-être même Salemi et Monreale. Il revint passer ses 15 dernières années à Palerme où il mourut en 1667.
Mais déjà de son vivant, sa prière obtenait des guérisons spectaculaires. Les malades, les infirmes et les pauvres étaient en effet comme la prunelle de ses yeux.
SOURCE : https://fr.zenit.org/2001/06/08/bx-bernard-de-corleone-capucin-le-saint-des-artisans-de-paix/
(1605 - 1667)
SOURCE : https://www.vatican.va/news_services/liturgy/saints/ns_lit_doc_20010610_ber-da-corleone_fr.html
Blessed Bernard of Corleone, OFM Cap. (AC)
(also known as Blessed Philip Latini)
Born in Corleone, Sicily, 1605; died in Palermo, 1667; beatified in 1768. A shoemaker by trade, Philip Latini was considered "the best swordsman of Sicily." After mortally wounding another man, he fled from the police and took sanctuary in the church of the Capuchin friars at Palermo, Sicily. There he experienced a conversion. He joined them as a lay-brother in 1632 and henceforth became "a prodigy of austerity" until his death. He had the unusual gift of healing animals by prayer (Attwater2, Benedictines).
SOURCE : https://web.archive.org/web/20191223225707/http://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/0119.shtml
St Bernard of Corleone, or St Bernard de Corleone
January 12
St Bernard of Corleone was born on the island of Sicily in the year 1605. His father was a shoemaker and taught his son the ways of the trade. But it was difficult for the lively youth to interest himself in this work. Upon the death of his father, he immediately left the shop and, led by the love of adventure, he took up fencing. It was not long before he became quite adept at wielding the sword. His unusual corporal vigor qualified him to challenge any comer to a contest.
From then on St Bernard of Corleone spent the greater part of his time in training and eagerly seized every opportunity to match swords with his hot tempered countrymen.
Although this manner of life led him far away from God, nevertheless many noble characteristics were perceptible in Bernard. In taking up any quarrel he liked to defend old people and other helpless and defenseless persons against violence. He frequently made devout visits to a crucifix that was highly honored by the people, and provided that a lamp be kept burning before it. Moreover, he cherished great devotion towards St. Francis. God and St. Francis soon led him to realize what a disorderly course he was pursuing.
Bernard had been challenged to a sinful duel, in the course of which he wounded his opponent mortally. In order to escape from his avengers, he sought refuge in flight. In this extremity, as so frequently happens, grace knocked at his heart. Bernard heeded the call. He acknowledged his godless and dangerous conduct for what it was, bewailed it bitterly, and resolved upon a complete change of sentiments.
In order to atone for his sins, St Bernard of Corleone begged for admission among the Capuchins as a lay brother, and on December 13, 1632, he was invested with the holy habit. If in the past Bernard had yielded his bodily members to wayward purposes, he now used them as an atoning sacrifice unto salvation. Seven times a day he scourged himself to the blood. His sleep was limited to three hours on a narrow board, with a block of wood under his head. He fasted for the most part on bread and water. If anything delicious was placed before him, he would carry the food to his mouth so as to whet his appetite, and then lay it down without having tasted it. In spite of his austere life, he still undertook the most unpleasant and annoying tasks as being his due.
Almighty God showed how agreeable to Him was the penitential life Bernard was leading; he favored him with extraordinary graces, particularly with ardent devotion at prayer. Bernard cherished special love for our Blessed Lady, and encouraged others to do the same. Often our Lady appeared to him and placed the Divine Child in his arms. Moreover, she gave him knowledge of the day of his death four months in advance. He died at Palermo on January 12, 1667.
Attracted by the fame of his sanctity, there gathered for his burial so many people who raised their voices in praise of the deceased, that it was less a funeral cortege than a triumphal procession. Numerous miracles occurring at his grave promoted the cause of his beatification by Pope Clement XIII in the year 1767.
from: The Franciscan Book of Saints, ed. by
Marion Habig, ofm.
SOURCE : http://www.roman-catholic-saints.com/st-bernard-of-corleone.html
Saint Bernard of
Corleone
Also known as- Bernardo de Corleone
- Filippo Latino
- Philipi Latini
Profile
- 6
February 1605
at Corleone, Palermo, Sicily
as Filippo Latino
- 12
January 1667
at Palermo,
Sicily
- 2
February 1762
by Pope
Clement XIII (decree
of heroic virtues)
St. Bernard of Corleone
(1605-1667 A.D.)
Philip was his baptismal name. He was third of the six children of Leonardo and Francesca Latini of Corleone, Sicily. Leonardo owned a small vineyard, but little more. Philip received no formal education. He did, however, learn the cobbler’s trade; and when his father died, he plied that trade to support his mother as well as himself.
When young Latini was growing up, his hometown was
garrisoned by mercenary troops hired by Spain, which then ruled Sicily. From
these swashbucklers, the young citizen learned a more dubious skill – immensely
popular in the 17th century – swordsmanship. Indeed, he acquired the reputation
of being the best blade in Sicily. This talent, however, he used only
defensively: on behalf, for example, of the women and poor peasants often
abused by the local soldiery. “Christian causes” he called them.
Swordplay was nevertheless not the safest nor most Christian of skills. One of the military in Corleone was always trying to provoke Philip to duel. On one occasion, when he did cross swords, he wounded this enemy badly. To escape prosecution, he invoked the right of sanctuary, fleeing to the local church for shelter until the coast was clear. He stayed inside the church for a week. During that period of forced inactivity, he had a chance to ask himself whither his combative lifestyle was leading him. Was he not risking his soul?
By the time he emerged and vindicated his innocence, Philip had decided to make amends by entering the religious life. At the age of 27, he entered the Capuchin Franciscan order at Caltanisetta, Sicily, as a lay brother, receiving the religious name of Bernard. This was in 1632.
The way in which Brother Bernard strove particularly to make amends for his violence towards others was in directing his violence against himself. For even slight faults of uncharity in the religious community, he treated his own flesh unmercifully. But along with this stern self-discipline, he advanced by giant steps in his prayer life. Many spiritual gifts were reported of him as time passed: prophecies, wonders, miracles.
Among the more genial graces bestowed on Fra Bemardo was the ability to heal animals. In a truly Franciscan spirit, he felt loving kinship with all lesser animals. He was sad to see them in pain, for, as he said, they could not speak in order to tell human beings of their illnesses, and there were (at that time) no doctors to prescribe for them or medicines to cure them.
Because of the reputation Bernard acquired of curing animals, owners of all sorts of lesser creatures brought them to this “supernatural veterinary”. He would usually say the Our Father over them, and then lead them three times around the cross that stood in front of the Capuchin church. “He cured them all,” says his biographer. Still more remarkably, he is reported, while on his deathbed, to have “bequeathed” this special grace of healing upon another Franciscan who had been his associate and admirer.
Bernard of Corleone was a “modern” saint. Yet every now and then, even in contemporary sophisticated times, God sometimes raises up people that seem to be “throw-backs” to the remarkable saints of earlier Christianity. Their savage means of self-discipline remind us of those practiced by the hermit saints of the fourth century. Their sense of kinship with lesser animals reminds us of the crystalline sense of communion with all creation that characterized St. Francis of Assisi. Now, Satan detests self-discipline and discourages any true love of creation, so people like Saint Bernard of Corleone are his most dangerous enemies, and those whom they inspire are already beyond his seductions.
Brother Bernard Latini of Corleone died at Palermo, Sicily, on January 12, 1667, at the age of 62. This uneducated cobbler and swordsman, who had gone on to triumph in the duel against himself, was declared “blessed” on April 29, 1768, by Pope Clement XIII, and was canonized by Pope John Paul II on June 10, 2001.
–Father Robert F. McNamara
Fortunat Bergant (1721–1769). Zamaknjenje
blaženega Bernarda Korleonskega, vers 1769. 210 X 135, National Gallery of Slovenia
È rimasta nell'immaginario comune, diffusa da una
vecchia biografia di maniera, la figura deformata di Bernardo da Corleone come
di un attaccabrighe di piazza, simile allo spadaccino Lodovico del romanzo
manzoniano. Ma Filippo Latino, come si chiamava prima di farsi frate, non era
così.
Nato il 6 febbraio 1605 a Corleone, la sua casa era, a
detta di popolo,"casa di santi", poiché il padre, Leonardo, un bravo
calzolaio e artigiano in pelletteria, era misericordioso coi miserabili fino a
portarseli a casa, lavarli, rivestirli e rifocillarli con squisita carità.
Molto virtuosi erano anche i fratelli e le sorelle. Su questo terreno così
fertile il giovane Filippo imparò presto ad esercitare la carità e ad essere
devoto del Crocifisso e della Vergine. Gestendo una bottega di calzolaio,
sapeva trattare bene i suoi dipendenti e non si vergognava di cercare elemosina
"per la città in tempo d'inverno per li poveri carcerati".
Un solo difetto, al dire di due testimoni durante i
processi, lo caratterizzava: "la caldizza ch'avia in mettiri manu a la
spata quandu era provocatu". Questa "caldizza" metteva in ansia
i suoi genitori, specie dopo che Filippo aveva ferito alla mano un superbo
provocatore. Il fatto era avvenuto sotto gli occhi di molti nel 1624, quando
Filippo aveva 19 anni, e fece grande rumore. Quel sicario prezzolato ci lasciò
un braccio e Filippo, considerato la "prima spada di Sicilia", ne restò
scosso nel profondo, chiese perdono al ferito, col quale diventerà in seguito
amico, e maturò la sua vocazione religiosa finché, a circa 27 anni, il 13
dicembre 1631, vestì nel noviziato di Caltanissetta la tonaca dei cappuccini, i
frati più inseriti nelle classi popolari, e volle chiamarsi frate Bernardo.
La sua vita è semplice. Egli passa nei diversi
conventi della provincia, a Bisacquino, Bivona, Castelvetrano, Burgio,
Partinico Agrigento, Chiusa, Caltabellotta, Polizzi e forse a Salemi e
Monreale, ma è difficile delineare un quadro cronologicamente esatto. Si sa che
trascorse gli ultimi quindici anni di vita a Palermo, dove incontrò sorella
morte il 12 gennaio 1667. Il suo ufficio quasi esclusivo fu quello di cuciniere
o di aiutante cuciniere. Ma egli sapeva aggiungere la cura degli ammalati e una
quantità di lavori supplementari per essere utile a tutti, ai confratelli
sovraccarichi di lavoro e ai sacerdoti lavando loro i panni. Era diventato il
lavandaio di quasi tutti i suoi confratelli. Un intarsio di fatti e di detti,
profumato da eroiche, per non dire incredibili, penitenze e mortificazioni
formano la trama oggettiva e rilevante della sua fisionomia spirituale.
Le testimonianze dei processi diventano un racconto
splendido di caratterizzazioni particolari della sua personalità dolce e forte
come la sua patria: "Sempre ci esortava ad amare Dio e a fare penitenza
dei nostri peccati" ."Sempre stava intento nell'orazione... Quando
andava alla chiesa, banchettava lautamente nell'orazione e unione divina".
Allora il tempo spariva e spesso rimaneva astratto ed estatico. Si fermava
volentieri di notte in chiesa perché - come egli spiegava - "non era bene
lasciare il Santissimo Sacramento solo; egli li teneva compagnia finché fossero
venuti altri frati". Trovava tempo per aiutare il sacrestano, per restare
piú vicino possibile al tabernacolo. Contro il costume del tempo egli usava
fare la comunione quotidiana. Tanto che i superiori negli ultimi anni di vita,
prostrato per le continue penitenze, gli affidarono il compito di stare solo a
servizio dell'altare.
La solidarietà con i suoi confratelli si apriva ad
assumere una dimensione sociale. A Palermo, in circostanze di calamità
naturali, come terremoti e uragani, si fece mediatore davanti al tabernacolo,
lottando come Mosè: "Piano, Signore, piano! Usateci misericordia! Signore,
la voglio questa grazia, la voglio!". Il flagello cessò, la catastrofe fu
alleviata.
Sul letto di morte, ricevuta l'ultima benedizione, con
gioia ripetè: "Andiamo, andiamo", e spirò. Erano le ore 14 di
mercoledí 12 gennaio 1667. Un suo intimo confratello, fra Antonino da Partanna,
lo vide in spirito tutto luminoso che ripeteva con ineffabile gioia:
"Paradiso! Paradiso! Paradiso! Benedette le discipline! Benedette le
veglie! Benedette le penitenze! Benedette le rinnegazioni della volontà!
Benedetti gli atti di ubbidienza! Benedetti i digiuni! Benedetto l'esercizio di
tutte le perfezioni religiose!".
SOURCE : http://www.vatican.va/news_services/liturgy/saints/ns_lit_doc_20010610_ber-da-corleone_it.html