Bienheureux Anacleto González Flores
Laïc
mexicain martyr (✝ 1927)
Le laïc
mexicain Anacleto González Flores, avocat, a été tué le 1er Avril 1927. Une
publication le décrit comme 'le Gandhi du Mexique'. Dans le même état ont été
assassinés trois jeunes de l'Action catholique mexicaine. Quatre autres laïcs
ont été martyrisés dans des situations différentes, entre 1927 et 1928. Tous
étaient chrétiens debout, activement engagés dans la défense de la liberté
religieuse et l'Eglise.
La liste de ces bienheureux s'ouvre par Anacleto González Flores, qui versa son
sang avec les frères Jorge et Ramón Vargas González, et Luis Padilla Gómez,
dans cette ville, au cri de 'Je meurs mais Dieu ne meurt pas. Vive le Christ
Roi!'. Anacleto González Flores donna sa vie au Créateur, après une vie
d'intense piété et un apostolat fécond et audacieux. Après avoir reçu une
solide formation humaine et chrétienne, il se consacra à la lutte pour les
droits des plus faibles. Connaisseur fidèle de la Doctrine sociale de l'Eglise,
il chercha, à la lumière de l'Evangile, à défendre les droits fondamentaux des
chrétiens, à une époque de persécution.
Parmi les droits que défendirent en priorité Anacleto González et ses
compagnons martyrs se trouvait le droit à la liberté de religion, un droit qui
découle de la dignité humaine elle-même... Anacleto González et ses compagnons
martyrs cherchèrent à être, dans la mesure du possible, des artisans de pardon
et un facteur d'unité réciproque à une époque où le peuple était divisé...
- Lettre Apostolique par laquelle le Pape Benoît XVI inscrit au catalogue des
bienheureux 13 martyrs mexicains: Anacleto González Flores et 8 compagnons, José Trinidad Rangel, Andrés Solá Molist, Leonardo Pérez, Darío Acosta Zurita (15 novembre 2005) [Anglais, Espagnol, Latin, Portugais]
Anacleto González Flores cherche à organiser une résistance
pacifique face aux lois anti-cléricales en s’inspirant de la doctrine
chrétienne. Il est arrêté et torturé en 1927, mais il refuse de dire ce qu’il
sait des Cristeros... José Sanchez del Rio a seulement treize ans quand il
devient porte drapeau et clairon chez les Cristeros. Capturé en 1928, il refuse
de renier sa foi et sera torturé puis abattu après avoir adressé ces paroles à
ses parents: 'Nous nous reverrons au ciel. Vive le Christ Roi! Vive la Vierge
de Guadalupe!'... Ils sont béatifiés tous deux, avec huit autres laïques et
trois prêtres, par Benoît XVI en 2005, le jour de la fête du Christ Roi!
MESSE ET BÉATIFICATION DE 13 MARTYRS
MEXICAINS
HOMÉLIE DU CARDINAL JOSÉ SARAIVA
MARTINS
Stade Jalisco de Guadalajara
Dimanche 20 novembre 2005
Solennité du Christ Roi de l'Univers
1. Je salue de manière particulière leurs Eminences MM. les
Cardinaux, Leurs Excellences les Evêques, les éminentes Autorités, les prêtres
et les fidèles des diocèses où ces martyrs naquirent ou versèrent leur sang.
J'adresse en outre un salut aux familles de ces nouveaux bienheureux, et je
m'unis à leur action de grâce.
"Yahvé est mon berger, rien ne me manque" (Ps 22, 1).
En ce jour, l'Eglise proclame Jésus Christ comme le Roi de l'Univers. L'image
du roi-pasteur que reprend le prophète Ezéchiel, s'identifie pleinement avec
Jésus Christ, le Bon Pasteur qui donne sa vie pour ses brebis (Jn 10, 11), et
qui, une fois accomplie sa mission, remettra le Royaume au Père, pour que Dieu
soit tout en toutes choses (cf. 1 Co 15, 24-28). Il est le Pasteur et le Roi de
l'humanité, qui conduit son troupeau vers des sources tranquilles, en montrant
une sollicitude particulière pour les brebis blessées et égarées.
En outre, le Christ est le Roi car il est le "Premier-Né de toute
créature, car c'est en lui qu'ont été créées toutes choses [...] le Principe
[...] car Dieu s'est plu à faire habiter en lui toute la Plénitude et par lui à
réconcilier tous les êtres pour lui" (Col 1, 15.17-20), comme l'affirme
l'Apôtre saint Paul.
2. Cette solennité du Christ Roi revêt une signification tout à
fait particulière pour le peuple mexicain. Le Pape Pie XI, à la fin de l'Année
Sainte 1925, proclama cette fête pour l'Eglise universelle. Quelques mois plus
tard, commencèrent sur cette terre les persécutions contre la foi catholique et,
au cri de "Vive le Christ Roi!", de nombreux fils de l'Eglise
moururent, reconnus comme martyrs, dont treize d'entre eux ont été aujourd'hui
béatifiés.
Les martyrs sont les témoins privilégiés de la royauté du Christ. Ils
avaient une claire conscience que le royaume d'amour du Christ doit être
instauré, même au coût de sa propre vie. La foi des martyrs est une foi
éprouvée, comme l'atteste le sang qu'ils ont versé pour elle (Saint Augustin, Sermo
329). Avec tous les saints, ils sont les bénis qui doivent
prendre possession du Royaume préparé pour eux, depuis la création
du monde (cf. Mt 25, 34), comme nous l'avons entendu dans l'Evangile qui vient
d'être proclamé.
3. En outre, cette fête revêt en ce jour une signification
particulière. Aujourd'hui, l'Eglise qui est au Mexique contemple avec une joie
particulière la foi et la force de ces 13 hommes qui, reconnaissant le royaume
du Christ, offrirent leur vie de manière héroïque dans les années 1927 et 1928.
Dans des situations hostiles et dans différentes Eglises particulières, ces
fils fidèles de l'Eglise rendirent un témoignage louable des engagements pris
le jour de leur baptême, se révélant capables de verser leur sang par amour du
Christ et de son Eglise, qui était injustement persécutée.
Il est significatif que dix des treize nouveaux bienheureux fussent
laïcs, originaires des Etats de Jalisco, Michoacán et Guanajauto. La plupart de
ces laïcs étaient mariés et formaient des familles chrétiennes; les autres,
bien que n'étant pas mariés, étaient membres de familles chrétiennes pieuses et
de grande moralité.
Ce nouveau groupe de martyrs comprend également trois prêtres, qui
moururent pour accomplir héroïquement leur ministère sacerdotal et
missionnaire, comme ce fut le cas du missionnaire clarétin espagnol, Andrés
Solá Molist, c.m.f., qui mourut après une longue et douloureuse agonie, avec le
Père José Trinidad Rangel et le laïc Leonardo Pérez Larios, dans l'Etat de
Guanajuato. De même, le prêtre de Vera Cruz, Angel Darío Acosta, qui n'épargna
pas ses efforts pour exercer son ministère sacerdotal dans un climat hostile et
de persécution, subit le martyre dans des circonstances semblables. Ayant suivi
l'exemple de Jésus Bon Pasteur, ces prêtres, avec les 22 prêtres mexicains
diocésains canonisés à Rome par le Pape Jean-Paul II au cours du Grand Jubilé
de l'Incarnation de l'An 2000, sont un modèle et un exemple de charité et de
zèle pastoral héroïques, principalement pour tous les prêtres mexicains.
4. La liste de ces bienheureux s'ouvre par Anacleto González
Flores, qui versa son sang avec les frères Jorge et Ramón Vargas González, et
Luis Padilla Gómez, dans cette ville, au cri de "Je meurs mais Dieu ne
meurt pas" "Vive le Christ Roi!". Anacleto González
Flores donna sa vie au Créateur, après une vie d'intense piété et un apostolat
fécond et audacieux. Après avoir reçu une solide formation humaine et
chrétienne, il se consacra à la lutte pour les droits des plus faibles.
Connaisseur fidèle de la Doctrine sociale de l'Eglise, il chercha, à la lumière
de l'Evangile, à défendre les droits fondamentaux des chrétiens, à une époque
de persécution.
Parmi les droits que défendirent en priorité Anacleto González et ses
compagnons martyrs se trouvait le droit à la liberté de religion, un droit qui
découle de la dignité humaine elle-même. Comme l'affirme le Concile Vatican II,
"cette liberté consiste en ce que tous les hommes doivent être soustraits
à toute contrainte de la part tant des individus que des groupes sociaux et de
quelque pouvoir humain que ce soit, de telle sorte qu'en matière religieuse,
nul ne soit forcé d'agir contre sa conscience ni empêché d'agir, dans de justes
limites, en privé comme en public, seul ou associé à d'autres" (Dignitatis
humanae, n. 2).
Soutenus par un profond amour pour Jésus Christ et pour leur prochain,
ces nouveaux bienheureux ont défendu ce droit de manière pacifique, même au
prix de leur sang. Loin d'alimenter des affrontements sanglants, ils
recherchèrent la voie pacifique et conciliatrice, afin que soient reconnus ce
droit et d'autres droits fondamentaux, niés aux catholiques mexicains. Anacleto
González et ses compagnons martyrs cherchèrent à être, dans la mesure du
possible, des artisans de pardon et un facteur d'unité réciproque à une époque
où le peuple était divisé.
5. Convaincus que "la Vie c'est le Christ et mourir représente
un gain" (Ph 1, 21), nos martyrs nourrirent leur aspiration à travers la
participation assidue à la Sainte Eucharistie et son adoration. De fait, la
profonde dévotion eucharistique est l'un des traits qui réunissent ces treize
martyrs. Tous, prêtres et laïcs, démontrèrent un amour particulier pour le
Christ dans l'Eucharistie. Il est bon de rappeler que trois des nouveaux
bienheureux, les frères Ezequiel et Salvador Huerta Gutiérrez et Luis Magaña Servín,
furent membres de l'Association nocturne du Très Saint Sacrement, une
Association possédant une longue tradition au sein du peuple mexicain. De la
prière assidue et fervente devant le Très Saint Sacrement, nos frères tirèrent
la force surnaturelle de supporter de façon chrétienne le martyre, parvenant
même à pardonner à leurs bourreaux.
L'intense vie eucharistique de ces bienheureux doit constituer pour nous
un exemple et un encouragement pour approfondir toujours davantage notre vie
eucharistique. A quelques jours de la clôture de l'Année de l'Eucharistie, et
un an après la joyeuse célébration du XLVIII Congrès eucharistique
international, qui s'est tenu dans cette bien- aimée ville de Guadalajara, nous
demandons l'intercession de ces fidèles fils de l'Eglise, afin qu'ils nous
aident à accroître le respect, la participation active et l'accueil digne de
Jésus Christ présent dans l'Eucharistie. En outre, nous leur demandons la grâce
d'être d'humbles adorateurs du Très Saint Sacrement, comme ils le furent
eux-mêmes. Que l'exemple de leur vie, qu'ils donnèrent jusqu'au martyre, soit
pour nous un modèle privilégié d'authentique spiritualité et de profonde vie
eucharistique!
6. En raison de son courage et de son jeune âge, il faut mentionner
de manière particulière l'adolescent José Sánchez del Río, originaire de
Sahuayo, Michoacán, qui, à quatorze ans, sut rendre un témoignage courageux à
Jésus Christ. Il fut un fils exemplaire et se distingua par son obéissance, sa
compassion et son esprit de service. Dès le début des persécutions s'éveilla en
lui le désir d'être un martyr du Christ. Sa conviction de vouloir verser son
sang pour Jésus fut telle qu'elle étonna ceux qui le connaissaient. Il reçut la
palme du martyre après avoir été torturé et avoir adressé ces dernières paroles
à ses parents: "Nous nous reverrons au ciel. Vive le Christ Roi!
Vive la Vierge de Guadalupe!".
Le jeune bienheureux José Sánchez del Río doit tous nous exhorter, et
surtout vous, les jeunes, à témoigner du Christ dans notre vie quotidienne.
Chers jeunes, le Christ ne vous demandera probablement pas de verser votre
sang, mais il vous demande dès à présent de rendre témoignage à la vérité dans
votre vie (cf. Jn 18, 37), dans un climat d'indifférence à l'égard
des valeurs transcendantes, ainsi que de matérialisme et d'hédonisme qui
cherchent à étouffer les consciences. En outre, le Christ s'attend à ce que
vous soyez ouverts afin de pouvoir recevoir et accueillir le projet qu'Il a
préparé. Lui seul possède, pour chacun de vous, les réponses aux interrogations
de votre vie, et il vous invite à le suivre dans la vie matrimoniale,
sacerdotale ou religieuse.
7. "Venez, les bénis de mon père, recevez en héritage le
Royaume qui vous a été préparé depuis la fondation du monde" (Mt 25,
34).
Nos martyrs doivent également être pour nous un modèle d'amour
inconditionné envers Dieu et notre prochain. L'exemple de leur vie et leur
intercession doivent nous aider à vivre avec générosité notre vie, face aux
autres, en nous rappelant toujours des paroles de Jésus: "Dans la
mesure où vous l'avez fait à l'un de ces plus petits de mes frères, c'est à moi
que vous l'avez fait" (Mt 25, 40).
La charité que nous sommes appelés à vivre, le commandement nouveau (cf.
Jn 13, 34), dépasse toute limite posée par une logique humaine et égoïste.
C'est une charité qui se traduit en unité, en respect, en service, en aide
efficace et effective aux indigents, une charité vécue très souvent de manière
héroïque, au sein de sa propre famille ou en dehors de celle-ci, une charité
qui, suivant l'exemple du Christ et de ses martyrs, est toujours disposée à
pardonner.
De la même façon, nos nouveaux bienheureux méritent qu'on reconnaisse
qu'ils ont été des fils très fidèles de l'Eglise catholique et du Pontife
Romain. Nous leur demandons, également pour nous, une fidélité héroïque à
l'Eglise, à la personne et aux enseignements du Pontife Romain, car ils sont
pour nous une expression légitime de la phrase que le Pape Jean-Paul II aimait
tant répéter: "Mexique, toujours fidèle!".
"Tous les temps sont des temps de martyre" - avertit
saint Augustin d'Hippone (Sermon 6) - car "tous ceux qui veulent
vivre dans le Christ avec piété seront persécutés" (2 Tm 3, 12). Chers
frères, vivre pleinement notre don fidèle et quotidien au Christ, par amour
pour Lui, pour tous les hommes, comporte de nombreux sacrifices et
renoncements. Malgré cela, le Christ sera toujours disposé à nous donner la
force nécessaire pour pouvoir le servir et aimer nos frères, en premier lieu
les plus faibles et ayant besoin d'amour, de compréhension et de pardon.
8. Ces treize fils fidèles de l'Eglise avaient également une autre
caractéristique commune. Ils se distinguèrent, outre par leur intense vie
eucharistique, par leur dévotion filiale à la Mère de Dieu, sous son titre de
Vierge de Guadalupe. La plupart d'entre eux, comme les autres saints martyrs
déjà canonisés, moururent en prononçant son nom. Nous lui demandons de manière
particulière de nous offrir sa protection maternelle pour tout le peuple
mexicain, et également pour tout le continent, afin que l'enthousiasme demeure
et s'accroisse.
Avec Elle, Mère de la Nouvelle Evangélisation, nous rendons grâce au
Père pour ces nouveaux bienheureux. De même, nous rendons grâce pour l'Eglise
qui est au Mexique, qui ne cesse de porter des fruits de sainteté. Que le
Christ Roi, le Bon Pasteur, règne dans nos coeurs! Vive le Christ Roi! Vive la
Vierge de Guadalupe!
Amen!
Bienheureux Joseph
Anaclet GONZALES FLORES
Nom: GONZALES FLORES
Prénom: Joseph Anaclet (José Anacleto)
Pays: Mexique
Naissance: 13.07.1888 à Tepatitlan (Jalisco)
Mort: 01.04.1927 à Guadalajara
Note: Avocat. Chef influent de la
résistance au régime persécuteur.
Béatification: 20.11.2005 par Benoît XVI
Cérémonie à Guadalajara (Mexique) présidée par le Card José Saraiva Martins, préfet de la Congrégation pour les causes des Saints
Cérémonie à Guadalajara (Mexique) présidée par le Card José Saraiva Martins, préfet de la Congrégation pour les causes des Saints
Canonisation
Fête: 20 novembre
Réf. dans l’Osservatore Romano: 2005 n.47 p.1
- n.48 p.2
Réf. dans la Documentation Catholique:
Notice
José
Anacleto (Joseph Anaclet) Gonzales
Flores naît le 13 juillet 1888 à Tepatitlan dans l’état de Jalisco, au Mexique.
Sa famille est très pauvre. Fervent chrétien dès sa jeunesse, il enseigne le
catéchisme dans les classes et fait des œuvres de charité. Il s’interroge sur
sa vocation et fait quelques années de séminaire, puis il devient avocat. Doté
d’une vaste culture, il écrit une foule d’articles et des livres d’inspiration
chrétienne et lutte pour le droit des plus faibles. Il se marie en 1922 et a
deux enfants. Quand la situation religieuse empire, il préconise d’abord la
résistance passive non-violente et il épuise toutes les ressources juridiques
et civiles possibles au service de la paix et de la réconciliation. Mais, quand
il apprend le meurtre de quatre membres de “l’Association catholiques des
Jeunes Mexicains”, association dont il avait été lui-même un membre
enthousiaste dans sa jeunesse, il s’engage dans la “Ligue pour la Défense de la
Liberté Religieuse”. En Janvier 1927, la guérilla s’étend partout dans l’état
de Jalisco. Anacleto se cache successivement dans de nombreuses retraites et
écrit des bulletins de liaison entre les résistants avec des indications de
stratégie. C’est un chef influent ; on l’appelle “le Maestro”. Il est pris
le matin du 1er avril 1927 dans la famille Gonzalès avec les
deux frères Vargas. A la prison Colorado de Guadalajara, il est torturé, mais
on ne réussit pas à lui extorquer des informations. Au général Ferreira qui
assiste à son supplice, il dit en désignant son bourreau : « Je lui pardonne
de bon cœur. Bientôt nous nous reverrons devant le tribunal divin. Le même juge
qui me jugera sera son juge : Alors il trouvera en moi un intercesseur
auprès de Dieu » : Le Général ordonne qu’il soit transpercé par une
baïonnette. Anacleto meurt en criant : « Je meurs mais Dieu ne meurt
pas !» « Vive le Christ Roi !» Le même jour (1er
avril) périssent les deux frères Vargas et Luis Padillas, béatifiés avec lui.
Pour le contexte historique, voir la fiche du groupe 9 martyrs du Mexique (1927-1928) 2
APOSTOLIC LETTER
BY WHICH THE SUPREME PONTIFF
BENEDICT XVI
HAS RAISED TO THE GLORY OF THE ALTARS
THE SERVANTS OF GOD
Accepting the wishes of our Brothers, Cardinal Juan Sandoval Iñiguez,
Archbishop of Guadalajara, Bishop José Guadalupe Martín Rábago of León, and
Bishop Luis Gabriel Cuara Méndez of Vera Cruz, of many other Brothers in the
Episcopate and numerous members of the faithful, after hearing the opinion of
the Congregation for the Causes of Saints, we grant, with our Apostolic Authority,
that the Venerable Servants of God, Anacleto González Flores and eight
Companions, José Trinidad Rangel Montaño, Andrés Solá y Molist, Leonardo Pérez
Larios and Ángel Darío Acosta Zurita, henceforth be called Blessed, and that
their Memorial be celebrated in the places foreseen and in accordance with the
rules established by law, every year on 20 November.
In the
name of the Father, and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit. Amen.
Given at St Peter's in Rome, 15 November in the year of the Lord 2005,
the first of our Pontificate.
BENEDICT XVI
©
Copyright 2005 - Libreria Editrice Vaticana
José Anacleto González Flores and eight Companions
Anacleto González Flores was born on 13 July 1888 in Tepatitlán, Jalisco,
Mexico. He was greatly involved in social and religious activities and was an
enthusiastic member of the Catholic Association of Young Mexicans (ACJM). He
taught classes in catechism, was dedicated to works of charity and wrote
articles and books with a Christian spirit.
In 1922 he married María Concepción Guerrero and
they had two children.
By 1926, the situation in Mexico had worsened and
Anacleto, who up until this time had advocated passive, non-violent resistance,
joined the cause of the National League for the Defence of Religious Freedom
upon learning of the murder of four members of the ACJM.
In January 1927 guerrilla warfare spread throughout
Jalisco and from his many hiding places Anacleto wrote and sent bulletins and
studied major strategies.
The young man was captured on the morning of 1
April 1927 in the home of the Vargas González family, along with the two Vargas
brothers. He was taken to the Colorado jail, where his torture included being
hung by his thumbs until his fingers were dislocated and having the bottom of
his feet slashed. He refused, however, to supply his captors with any
information.
José Anacleto González Flores was condemned to
death and was shot together with the Vargas González brothers and Luis Padilla
Gómez on that same day, 1 April 1927.
José Dionisio Luis Padilla
Gómez was born on 9 December 1899 in Guadalajara,
Jalisco, Mexico. He was an active member of the ACJM and worked closely with
Anacleto in the activities of the League, helping in a special way poor
children and youth. The young man, known to all as Luis, spent much time
praying before the Blessed Sacrament and had a deep devotion to the Blessed
Virgin Mary.
On the morning of 1 April 1927, Luis was arrested
in his home, together with his mother and one of his sisters. He was repeatedly
beaten and insulted, then sentenced to execution.
After arriving at the Colorado jail, Luis met
Anacleto and the others. He told Anacleto that he wanted to go to confession.
But Anacleto told the young man, "No, brother, now is not the hour to
confess, but to request pardon and to pardon our enemies. God is a Father and
not a judge, the One who gives you hope. Your own blood will purify you".
Luis knelt down in prayer as the executioners'
bullets riddled his prostrate body.
Jorge and Ramón Vargas
González were born in Ahualulco de Mercado, Jalisco, Mexico.
Jorge Ramón was born on 28 September 1899 and Ramón Vicente was born on 22
January 1905.
Jorge worked for a hydroelectric company and Ramón pursued the study of
medicine. They were both active members of the ACJM.
After a long day of work, Jorge would dress in
overalls and ride his bicycle, accompanying Fr Lino Aguirre on the rounds of
his hidden sacramental ministry to help ensure his safety.
Ramón was always concerned for the health of the
poor and helped them without seeking anything in return. He was known for his
joyful spirit and his strong Catholic identity.
During the persecution, the Vargas González family
gave refuge to a number of priests and seminarians. Anacleto González Flores
was staying with them in March of 1927.
On the morning of 1 April 1927 the secret police
completely surrounded the family home, shouting: "Open the door in the
name of the law!". They stormed in and arrested everyone, including the
two brothers, their mother and a younger brother, Florentino.
The Vargas González family was accused of having
hidden a "wanted" priest in their home and were taken to the Colorado
jail.
As they were being led down the street, Ramón was
able to escape unnoticed; but a little while later he turned back and rejoined
the rest. When asked why he had not fled, Ramón replied: "I told myself,
my mother and my brothers are prisoners; am I to run away?".
In jail, Florentino was separated from his two
brothers, who were put in a cell next to Luis Padilla Gómez and Anacleto
González Flores. They knew they were going to be executed. But before being
killed they were interrogated and tortured, remaining silent throughout.
Taken out to be shot, the four recited the Act of
Contrition. Before the bullets were fired, Ramón made the sign of the cross and
Jorge held a crucifix against his chest.
When the father of the two boys learned how his
sons were killed, he said: "Now I know, it is not condolences that I need,
but congratulations; I have the fortune to have two sons who are martyrs".
José Luciano Ezequiel Huerta Gutiérrez was born on 6 January 1876 in
Magdalena, Jalisco, Mexico. He was an organist with a great gift for music and
had a beautiful tenor voice that could have given him a career as an opera
singer; but he said that his voice was dedicated to the service of God.
Ezequiel married in 1904 and had 10 children. He
was very devoted to the Blessed Sacrament and even with such a large family,
always found the resources to give to the needy.
On the morning of 2 April 1927 he was arrested; he
had just paid his respects to the lifeless body of Anacleto González Flores. He
was questioned about the whereabouts of his two priest brothers, about his two
oldest sons and the Cristeros.
Ezequiel refused to talk, so he was tortured until
he was unconscious. When he regained consciousness, he expressed his pain by
signing with all his might: "My Christ lives, my King lives". For
this, he received more beatings until he could not utter a single sound.
The following morning, he was led at dawn with his
brother Salvador Huerta Gutiérrez to the cemetery of Mezquitán, where they were
both killed.
Ezequiel's wife heard the shots from her home and
although she did not know that her husband was one of the victims, she gathered
her children around her and said: "My children, let us recite the
Rosary for these poor people who have just been shot".
Salvador Huerta Gutiérrez was born on 18 March 1880 in Magdalena, Jalisco,
Mexico. He worked as a mechanic, and in 1907 he married and had 12 children.
Daily Mass was a priority for him; he was likewise
very dedicated to prayer and to his family, and famous in Guadalajara for his
expertise as a mechanic.
On 2 April 1927, following the assassination of
Alacleto, Salvador went to pay his respects to this beloved "leader".
When he returned to his garage, police officers were waiting for him.
They ordered him to come to police headquarters,
allegedly to fix the chief's car; he was thus led away and cruelly tortured,
even hung by his thumbs. When interrogated about the Cristeros and the
whereabouts of Eduardo and José, his two priests-brothers, he said nothing.
Salvador was thrown into jail with his brother
Ezequiel, and the next day they were led to their execution. When they arrived
at the cemetery, Salvador asked for a lighted candle and held it in front of
his chest. He cried out: "Long live Christ the King and Our Lady of
Guadalupe! Shoot me so that I will die for God, because I love him".
Miguel Gómez Loza was born on 11 August 1888 in Tepatitlán, Jalisco,
Mexico. From a young age he had a strong love for God and a great devotion to
the Blessed Mother.
When he was 26 Miguel entered the University of
Morelos where he earned a law degree, and eventually opened an office in
Arandas as an attorney.
In 1915 he became a member of the ACJM, and in 1919
he established a national congress of Catholic workers to unify industry
workers, commercial employees and agricultural labourers. He also worked
tirelessly to defend the rights of the needy, which caused him to be arrested
59 times for organizing protests against the Government.
In 1922 Miguel married María Guadalupe Sánchez
Barragán and they had three children.
Miguel joined the "National League for the
Defence of Religious Freedom" in 1927, but believed in non-violence in
order to resist the persecution. After the death of Anacleto, he was appointed
by Catholics as Governor of Jalisco and strove by all the means at his disposal
to defend liberty and justice.
By March of 1928, Miguel was living on a ranch near
Atotonilco. On 21 March, federal forces who had been hunting for him discovered
his whereabouts; he was executed by firing squad the same day.
Luis Magaña Servín was born on 24 August 1902 in Arandas, Jalisco,
Mexico. Growing up, he helped his father work in a tannery.
As a young man, Luis became a member of the ACJM.
He deeply loved the Church and was interested in social questions, leading him
to study Leo XIII's watershed Encyclical Rerum Novarum. He also joined
the "Our Lady of Guadalupe Association", a group that united worker
artisans.
Luis always treated poor and rich the same,
practicing the advice of Bishop Mora y del Rio of Mexico City, to "treat
your workers with love and they will never leave you".
In 1926 he married Elvira Camarena Méndez and they
had two children, the second born after the death of Luis.
By January 1927 Arandas had become one of the
strongholds of the government resistance. Priests went into hiding, exercising
a secret ministry and travelling in disguise. Luis remained a pacifist and did
not take part in the Cristeros activity; rather, he helped spiritually
and materially as did most Catholics in the area.
On 9 February 1928, a group of soldiers arrested
Catholics that supported active resistance against the Government. Luis was not
at home when officers arrived at his door, so they arrested his younger brother
instead.
When Luis learned that his brother had been taken
away, he reported to the general and asked that he take the place of his
brother.
"I have never been a Cristero rebel",
he said, "but if you accuse me of being a Christian, then yes, that I am.
Soldiers who are going to shoot me, I want to tell you that from this moment I
pardon you, and I promise that on arriving in the presence of God you are the
first ones for whom I will intercede. Long live Christ the King and Our Lady of
Guadalupe!".
Luis Magaña Servín was shot at 3 p.m. on 9 February
1928.
José Sánchez del Río was born on 28 March 1913 in Sahuayo, Michoacán,
Mexico. Wanting to defend the faith and rights of Catholics, he followed in the
footsteps of his two older brothers and asked his mother for permission to join
the Cristeros. She objected, telling him that he was too young.
"Mama", he replied, "do not let me lose the opportunity to gain
Heaven so easily and so soon".
On 5 February 1928 the young boy was captured
during a battle and imprisoned in the church sacristy. In order to terrorize
him, soldiers made him watch the hanging of one of the other captured Cristeros.
But José encouraged the man, saying, "You will be in Heaven before me.
Prepare a place for me. Tell Christ the King I shall be with him soon".
In prison, he prayed the Rosary and sang songs of
faith. He wrote a beautiful letter to his mother telling her that he was
resigned to do God's will. José's father attempted to ransom his son, but was
unable to raise the money in time.
On 10 February 1928 the teenager was brutally
tortured and the skin of the soles of his feet was sheered off; he was then
forced to walk on salt, followed by walking through the town to the cemetery.
The young boy screamed with pain but would not give in.
At times the soldiers stopped him and said,
"If you shout, "Death to Christ the King', we will spare your
life". But he answered: "Long live Christ the King! Long live Our
Lady of Guadalupe!".
Once he arrived at the cemetery, José was asked
once more if he would deny his faith. The 14 year old shouted out: "Long
live Christ the King!", and was summarily shot.
Fr Ángel Darío Acosta
Zurita was born on 13 December 1908 in Naolinco, Mexico.
He was known for his athleticism and his gentle and charitable nature.
Ángel Darío was ordained a priest on 25 April 1931
and celebrated his First Mass in the city of Vera Cruz on 24 May. On 26 May he
began to serve as coadjutor vicar in the Parish of the Assumption in Vera Cruz.
He was very interested in children's catechesis and was dedicated to
celebrating the Sacrament of Penance.
In the State of Vera Cruz a decree was promulgated
known as the "Tejeda Law", which reduced the number of priests allowed
in the State to end the "fanaticism of the people", as Governor
Adalberto Tejeda called it. A letter was sent to all priests telling them to
obey this law. Fr Darío received his letter on 21 July, remaining calm and
joyful as always.
On 25 July 1931 the law took force; that same day,
in the Parish of the Assumption, everything transpired as usual: children
arrived for catechism lessons and people waited to go to confession.
At 6: 10 p.m., soldiers entered the church and opened fire on the priests. In
the confusion and chaos, Fr Landa was gravely wounded while another priest, Fr
Rosas, was miraculously saved, protected by the pulpit.
Fr Darío had just come out of the baptistry when he
was hit by the bullets, having only the time to cry out "Jesus!". He
was martyred exactly three months after his priestly ordination.
SOURCE
: http://www.vatican.va/news_services/liturgy/saints/ns_lit_doc_20051120_anacleto-gonzalez_en.html
José
Anacleto González Flores and eight Companions
Anacleto González Flores was born on 13 July 1888 in Tepatitlán, Jalisco,
Mexico. He was greatly involved in social and religious activities and was an
enthusiastic member of the Catholic Association of Young Mexicans (ACJM). He
taught classes in catechism, was dedicated to works of charity and wrote
articles and books with a Christian spirit.
In 1922 he married María Concepción Guerrero and
they had two children.
By 1926, the situation in Mexico had worsened and
Anacleto, who up until this time had advocated passive, non-violent resistance,
joined the cause of the National League for the Defence of Religious Freedom
upon learning of the murder of four members of the ACJM.
In January 1927 guerrilla warfare spread throughout
Jalisco and from his many hiding places Anacleto wrote and sent bulletins and
studied major strategies.
The young man was captured on the morning of 1
April 1927 in the home of the Vargas González family, along with the two Vargas
brothers. He was taken to the Colorado jail, where his torture included being
hung by his thumbs until his fingers were dislocated and having the bottom of
his feet slashed. He refused, however, to supply his captors with any
information.
José Anacleto González Flores was condemned to
death and was shot together with the Vargas González brothers and Luis Padilla
Gómez on that same day, 1 April 1927.
José Dionisio Luis Padilla
Gómez was born on 9 December 1899 in Guadalajara,
Jalisco, Mexico. He was an active member of the ACJM and worked closely with
Anacleto in the activities of the League, helping in a special way poor
children and youth. The young man, known to all as Luis, spent much time
praying before the Blessed Sacrament and had a deep devotion to the Blessed
Virgin Mary.
On the morning of 1 April 1927, Luis was arrested
in his home, together with his mother and one of his sisters. He was repeatedly
beaten and insulted, then sentenced to execution.
After arriving at the Colorado jail, Luis met
Anacleto and the others. He told Anacleto that he wanted to go to confession.
But Anacleto told the young man, "No, brother, now is not the hour to
confess, but to request pardon and to pardon our enemies. God is a Father and
not a judge, the One who gives you hope. Your own blood will purify you".
Luis knelt down in prayer as the executioners'
bullets riddled his prostrate body.
Jorge and Ramón Vargas
González were born in Ahualulco de Mercado, Jalisco, Mexico.
Jorge Ramón was born on 28 September 1899 and Ramón Vicente was born on 22
January 1905.
Jorge worked for a hydroelectric company and Ramón pursued the study of
medicine. They were both active members of the ACJM.
After a long day of work, Jorge would dress in
overalls and ride his bicycle, accompanying Fr Lino Aguirre on the rounds of
his hidden sacramental ministry to help ensure his safety.
Ramón was always concerned for the health of the
poor and helped them without seeking anything in return. He was known for his
joyful spirit and his strong Catholic identity.
During the persecution, the Vargas González family
gave refuge to a number of priests and seminarians. Anacleto González Flores
was staying with them in March of 1927.
On the morning of 1 April 1927 the secret police
completely surrounded the family home, shouting: "Open the door in the
name of the law!". They stormed in and arrested everyone, including the
two brothers, their mother and a younger brother, Florentino.
The Vargas González family was accused of having
hidden a "wanted" priest in their home and were taken to the Colorado
jail.
As they were being led down the street, Ramón was
able to escape unnoticed; but a little while later he turned back and rejoined
the rest. When asked why he had not fled, Ramón replied: "I told myself,
my mother and my brothers are prisoners; am I to run away?".
In jail, Florentino was separated from his two
brothers, who were put in a cell next to Luis Padilla Gómez and Anacleto
González Flores. They knew they were going to be executed. But before being
killed they were interrogated and tortured, remaining silent throughout.
Taken out to be shot, the four recited the Act of
Contrition. Before the bullets were fired, Ramón made the sign of the cross and
Jorge held a crucifix against his chest.
When the father of the two boys learned how his
sons were killed, he said: "Now I know, it is not condolences that I need,
but congratulations; I have the fortune to have two sons who are martyrs".
José Luciano Ezequiel Huerta Gutiérrez was born on 6 January 1876 in
Magdalena, Jalisco, Mexico. He was an organist with a great gift for music and
had a beautiful tenor voice that could have given him a career as an opera
singer; but he said that his voice was dedicated to the service of God.
Ezequiel married in 1904 and had 10 children. He
was very devoted to the Blessed Sacrament and even with such a large family,
always found the resources to give to the needy.
On the morning of 2 April 1927 he was arrested; he
had just paid his respects to the lifeless body of Anacleto González Flores. He
was questioned about the whereabouts of his two priest brothers, about his two
oldest sons and the Cristeros.
Ezequiel refused to talk, so he was tortured until
he was unconscious. When he regained consciousness, he expressed his pain by
signing with all his might: "My Christ lives, my King lives". For
this, he received more beatings until he could not utter a single sound.
The following morning, he was led at dawn with his
brother Salvador Huerta Gutiérrez to the cemetery of Mezquitán, where they were
both killed.
Ezequiel's wife heard the shots from her home and
although she did not know that her husband was one of the victims, she gathered
her children around her and said: "My children, let us recite the
Rosary for these poor people who have just been shot".
Salvador Huerta Gutiérrez was born on 18 March 1880 in Magdalena, Jalisco,
Mexico. He worked as a mechanic, and in 1907 he married and had 12 children.
Daily Mass was a priority for him; he was likewise
very dedicated to prayer and to his family, and famous in Guadalajara for his
expertise as a mechanic.
On 2 April 1927, following the assassination of
Alacleto, Salvador went to pay his respects to this beloved "leader".
When he returned to his garage, police officers were waiting for him.
They ordered him to come to police headquarters,
allegedly to fix the chief's car; he was thus led away and cruelly tortured,
even hung by his thumbs. When interrogated about the Cristeros and the
whereabouts of Eduardo and José, his two priests-brothers, he said nothing.
Salvador was thrown into jail with his brother
Ezequiel, and the next day they were led to their execution. When they arrived
at the cemetery, Salvador asked for a lighted candle and held it in front of
his chest. He cried out: "Long live Christ the King and Our Lady of
Guadalupe! Shoot me so that I will die for God, because I love him".
Miguel Gómez Loza was born on 11 August 1888 in Tepatitlán, Jalisco,
Mexico. From a young age he had a strong love for God and a great devotion to
the Blessed Mother.
When he was 26 Miguel entered the University of
Morelos where he earned a law degree, and eventually opened an office in
Arandas as an attorney.
In 1915 he became a member of the ACJM, and in 1919
he established a national congress of Catholic workers to unify industry
workers, commercial employees and agricultural labourers. He also worked
tirelessly to defend the rights of the needy, which caused him to be arrested
59 times for organizing protests against the Government.
In 1922 Miguel married María Guadalupe Sánchez
Barragán and they had three children.
Miguel joined the "National League for the
Defence of Religious Freedom" in 1927, but believed in non-violence in
order to resist the persecution. After the death of Anacleto, he was appointed
by Catholics as Governor of Jalisco and strove by all the means at his disposal
to defend liberty and justice.
By March of 1928, Miguel was living on a ranch near
Atotonilco. On 21 March, federal forces who had been hunting for him discovered
his whereabouts; he was executed by firing squad the same day.
Luis Magaña Servín was born on 24 August 1902 in Arandas, Jalisco,
Mexico. Growing up, he helped his father work in a tannery.
As a young man, Luis became a member of the ACJM.
He deeply loved the Church and was interested in social questions, leading him
to study Leo XIII's watershed Encyclical Rerum Novarum. He also joined
the "Our Lady of Guadalupe Association", a group that united worker
artisans.
Luis always treated poor and rich the same,
practicing the advice of Bishop Mora y del Rio of Mexico City, to "treat
your workers with love and they will never leave you".
In 1926 he married Elvira Camarena Méndez and they
had two children, the second born after the death of Luis.
By January 1927 Arandas had become one of the
strongholds of the government resistance. Priests went into hiding, exercising
a secret ministry and travelling in disguise. Luis remained a pacifist and did
not take part in the Cristeros activity; rather, he helped spiritually
and materially as did most Catholics in the area.
On 9 February 1928, a group of soldiers arrested
Catholics that supported active resistance against the Government. Luis was not
at home when officers arrived at his door, so they arrested his younger brother
instead.
When Luis learned that his brother had been taken
away, he reported to the general and asked that he take the place of his
brother.
"I have never been a Cristero rebel",
he said, "but if you accuse me of being a Christian, then yes, that I am.
Soldiers who are going to shoot me, I want to tell you that from this moment I
pardon you, and I promise that on arriving in the presence of God you are the
first ones for whom I will intercede. Long live Christ the King and Our Lady of
Guadalupe!".
Luis Magaña Servín was shot at 3 p.m. on 9 February
1928.
José Sánchez del Río was born on 28 March 1913 in Sahuayo, Michoacán,
Mexico. Wanting to defend the faith and rights of Catholics, he followed in the
footsteps of his two older brothers and asked his mother for permission to join
the Cristeros. She objected, telling him that he was too young.
"Mama", he replied, "do not let me lose the opportunity to gain
Heaven so easily and so soon".
On 5 February 1928 the young boy was captured
during a battle and imprisoned in the church sacristy. In order to terrorize
him, soldiers made him watch the hanging of one of the other captured Cristeros.
But José encouraged the man, saying, "You will be in Heaven before me.
Prepare a place for me. Tell Christ the King I shall be with him soon".
In prison, he prayed the Rosary and sang songs of
faith. He wrote a beautiful letter to his mother telling her that he was
resigned to do God's will. José's father attempted to ransom his son, but was
unable to raise the money in time.
On 10 February 1928 the teenager was brutally
tortured and the skin of the soles of his feet was sheered off; he was then
forced to walk on salt, followed by walking through the town to the cemetery.
The young boy screamed with pain but would not give in.
At times the soldiers stopped him and said,
"If you shout, "Death to Christ the King', we will spare your
life". But he answered: "Long live Christ the King! Long live Our
Lady of Guadalupe!".
Once he arrived at the cemetery, José was asked
once more if he would deny his faith. The 14 year old shouted out: "Long
live Christ the King!", and was summarily shot.
Fr Ángel Darío Acosta
Zurita was born on 13 December 1908 in Naolinco, Mexico.
He was known for his athleticism and his gentle and charitable nature.
Ángel Darío was ordained a priest on 25 April 1931
and celebrated his First Mass in the city of Vera Cruz on 24 May. On 26 May he
began to serve as coadjutor vicar in the Parish of the Assumption in Vera Cruz.
He was very interested in children's catechesis and was dedicated to
celebrating the Sacrament of Penance.
In the State of Vera Cruz a decree was promulgated
known as the "Tejeda Law", which reduced the number of priests allowed
in the State to end the "fanaticism of the people", as Governor
Adalberto Tejeda called it. A letter was sent to all priests telling them to
obey this law. Fr Darío received his letter on 21 July, remaining calm and
joyful as always.
On 25 July 1931 the law took force; that same day,
in the Parish of the Assumption, everything transpired as usual: children
arrived for catechism lessons and people waited to go to confession.
At 6: 10 p.m., soldiers entered the church and opened fire on the priests. In
the confusion and chaos, Fr Landa was gravely wounded while another priest, Fr
Rosas, was miraculously saved, protected by the pulpit.
Fr Darío had just come out of the baptistry when he
was hit by the bullets, having only the time to cry out "Jesus!". He
was martyred exactly three months after his priestly ordination.
SOURCE
: http://www.vatican.va/news_services/liturgy/saints/ns_lit_doc_20051120_anacleto-gonzalez_en.html
Blessed Anacleto González Flores
Also known as
- Anaclete Gonzales Flores
Profile
Second of twelve
children
born to Valentín González Sanitiz and Maria Flores Navaho. He entered seminary,
was an excellent student,
but realized that he did not have a call to the priesthood
and dropped out. Lawyer
in the archdiocese
of Guadalajara,
Mexico.
Married
to María Concepción Guerrero, they had two children.
He attended Mass
daily, visited prisoners,
and taught
catechism.
Leader in the Catholic
Association of Mexican Youth (AJCM). Founded the magazine La Palabra to speak out against the anti–Catholic
actions of the government. Founded the Popular Union to organize peaceful opposition to the Calle
government’s anti–Catholic
actions. When official oppression escalated to murder, Anacleto began writing
and speaking
out against the government, urging people to support and aid the rebels in what
became known as the Cristero
War. Looking for a
way to crack down on the Catholic
leadership, officials arrested
Anacleto on a false charge of murdering an American,
Edgar Wilkens. Gonzales was tortured,
mutilated and finally executed.
Martyr.
Born
- 20
November 2005
by Pope
Benedict
XVI
- recognition celebrated by Cardinal
José
Saraiva Martins in a soccer stadium in Guadalajara,
Mexico
Beati
Anacleto Gonzalez Flores e 3 compagni
Laici e martiri
† Guadalajara, Messico, 1
aprile 1927
Fondatore dell'Associazione cattolica della gioventù messicana
(Acjm) di Guadalajara e dell'Unione Popolare, Anacleto González Flores, meglio
noto come «il maestro Cleto», fu un leader laico messicano assai famoso tra il
1915 e il 1927: la predicazione a favore del pacifismo e della non violenza nel
periodo della «Guerra Cristera» (1926-1929), gli guadagnò l'appellativo di
«Gandhi messicano». Sposato e padre di due figli, era nato a Tepatitlán,
Jalisco, il 13 luglio 1888. Dopo essere stato seminarista svolse i lavori più
disparati, prima di laurearsi in Giurisprudenza nel 1921. Nel 1925 ricevette da
Pio XI la Croce «Ecclesia et Pontifice» in riconoscimento alla sua opera in
difesa della religiosità dei fedeli messicani. Anacleto tentò di evitare di
legare l'Unione Popolare alla Lega nazionale per la difesa della libertà
religiosa, che aveva dichiarato guerra al Governo di Calles, persecutore dei
cristiani, già dal 1926. Dovette tuttavia accettare che la sua organizzazione
passasse alla lotta armata, ma ciò gli costò l'arresto il 31 marzo 1927 e la
morte il giorno successivo assieme a tra compagni. (Avvenire)
Nel
contesto della persecuzione religiosa messicana, provocata dalla nuova
costituzione promulgata nel 1917, parecchi cristiani subirono il martirio e tra
essi rifulge questo gruppo comprendente otto fedeli laici dell’arcidiocesi di
Guadalajara, tutti cristiani integerrimi attivamente impegnati nella difesa
della libertà religiosa e della Chiesa, che furono uccisi per la loro fede
cristiana tra il 1927 e il 1928. Il 1° aprile 1927 furono uccisi Anacleto
Gonzalez Flores e tre giovani dell’Azione Cattolica. Il martirio di questi
Servi di Dio fu riconosciuto il 22 giugno 2004 da Giovanni Paolo II e furono
poi beatificati il 20 novembre 2005, sotto il pontificato di Benedetto XVI.
Anacleto Gonzalez Flores Padre di famiglia, avvocato, il “Gandhi
messicano”
Tepatitlán, Messico, 13 luglio 1888 - Guadalajara, Messico, 1° aprile 1927
Fondatore dell’Associazione Cattolica della Gioventù Messicana (ACJM) di
Guadalajara, questo martire della persecuzione religiosa messicana fondò anche
l’Unione Popolare, conosciuta come “U”, movimento operaio, femminile, contadino
e popolare, dedito alla promozione della catechesi ed oppositore attivo del
governo locale e di quello federale a causa delle misure repressive in materia
di libertà religiosa. Anacleto González Flores, meglio noto come “il maestro
Cleto”, fu un leader laico assai famoso tra il 1915 e il 1927, anno in cui fu
ucciso dall’esercito federale, acerrimo persecutore dei cattolici messicani,
agli ordini del Presidente della Repubblica Plutarco Elías Calles. La predicazione
in favore del pacifismo e della non violenza nel periodo della “Guerra
Cristera” (1926-1929), guadagnò ad Anacleto González Flores l’appellativo di
“Gandhi messicano”.
Sposato e padre di due figli, era nato a Tepatitlán, Jalisco, il 13 luglio
1888, in condizioni assai umili, figlio di un tessitore che combatteva contro
la dipendenza dall’acool. Fu seminarista e postulante presso i seminari di San
Juan de los Lagos e Guadalajara. Svolse poi lavori più disparati, prima di
laurearsi finalmente in Giurisprudenza nel 1921, a 33 anni. Nel 1925 “il
maestro Cleto” ricevette dal pontefice Pio XI la Croce “Ecclesia et Pontifice”
in riconoscimento alla sua opera di evangelizzazione a favore dei più bisognosi
ed in difesa della religiosità dei fedeli messicani.
Anacleto González Flores tentò di evitare fino all’ultimo di legare l’Unione
Popolare alla Lega Nazionale per la Difesa della Libertà Religiosa, che aveva
dichiarato guerra al Governo di Calles già dal 1926. Trascinato dagli eventi,
dovette tuttavia accettare che la sua organizzazione passasse alla lotta
armata, ma ciò gli costò l’arresto il 31 marzo 1927 e la morte il giorno
successivo, venerdì 1° aprile, all’età di 38 anni. I suoi aguzzini lo appesero
per i pollici, dopodichè gli provocarono delle ferite con la punta della
baionetta affinché rivelasse il nascondili dell’arcivescovo di Guadalajara e
degli altri leader della rivoluzione “cristera”. Infine la baionetta gli
penetrò il cuore e spirò. I suoi compagni di lotta e di martirio vennero
fucilati nel cortile della medesima prigione.
I resti mortali del Beato Anacleto riposano nel Santuario di Guadalupe
di Guadalajara, ove accorrono parecchi fedeli spinti da venerazione nei
confronti di questo martire della fede cattolica in Messico.
José Dionisio Luis Padilla Gómez Giovane dell’Azione Cattolica, asceta e
mistico
Guadalajara, Messico, 9 dicembre 1899 - 1° aprile 1927
José Dionisio Luis Padilla Gómez nacque a Guadalajara il 9 dicembre 1899.
Ricevette un’accurata educazione dalla sua famiglia distinta e cristiana. Nel
1917 entrò nel seminario conciliare di Guadalajara, ma nel 1921 lo abbandonò
avendo alcuni dubbi circa la sua vocazione. Abbandonò inoltre anche l’attività di insegnante,
per dedicarsi ad impartire lezioni gratuite ai bambini e giovani più poveri.
Socio fondatore e membro attivo dell’Associazione Cattolica della Gioventù
Messicana (ACJM), vi svolse un’intensa opera di apostolato, in particolare nel
campo della promozione sociale. Era solito praticare apertamente la sua pietà:
in casa, nelle strade ed in chiesa. Fu fervente devoto della Vergine Maria.
Quando scoppiò la persecuzione religiosa nel suo paese, si affiliò all’Unione
Popolare per partecipare con mezzi pacifici alla difesa della religione
cattolica. Più volte espresse il desiderio di seguire Gesù sino al dolore, alla
sofferenza ed al dono totale della propria vita. Il 1° aprile 1927, alle due di
mattina, la sua casa accerchiata da un gruppo di soldati dell’esercito
federale, che la saccheggiarono e poi arrestarono Luis insieme all’anziana madre
ed una sorella.
Luis fu, condotto alla caserma Colorado, lungo il tragitto dovette sopportare
colpi, insulti e vessazioni. Poco dopo furono arrestati e condotti alla stessa
caserma anche Anacleto González Flores ed i fratelli Jorge, Ramón e Florentino
Vargas González. Capendo che era ormai imminente la sua fine, Luis espresse il
desiderio di confessarsi. Il suo compagno di apostolato e di prigione, Anacleto
González Flores, lo confortò affermando: “No, fratello, non è più l’ora di
confessarsi, ma di chiedere perdono e di perdonare. È un Padre e non un giudice
che ti attende. Il tuo stesso sangue ti purificherà”. I quattro coraggiosi
compagni di prigionia recitarono dunque l’Atto di Dolore. Mentre Luis,
inginocchiato, offriva a Dio la sua vita in fervente preghiera, i carnefici lo
uccisero con le armi. Il giovane aveva solo ventisei anni.
Jorge Ramon Vargas González Giovane dell’Azione Cattolica
Ahualulco de Mercato, Messico, 28 settembre 1899 - Guadalajara, Messico, 1°
aprile 1927
Jorge Ramon Vargas González nacque ad Ahualulco il 28 settembre 1899, figlio di
un onorato medico e di una donna coraggiosa, integra e compassionevole, quasi
paragonabile alla celebre madre dei fratelli Maccabei. Quando ancora era
bambino, la famiglia si trasferì a Guadalajara. Qui Jorge condivise gli aneliti
e le preoccupazioni di quanti soffrivano a causa della persecuzione religiosa
in atto nel suo paese. Nel 1926, quando lavorava per la Compagnia
Idroelettrica, la sua casa funse da rifugio per parecchi sacerdoti perseguitati.
Alla fine di marzo del 1927 la famiglia Vargas Gonzáles accolse in casa
Anacleto González Flores, sapendo benissimo quanto potesse costare loro questo
gesto. Anacleto divise la camera proprio con Jorge.
Improvvisamente, il 1° aprile 1927, tutti tutti gli abitanti della casa fra
vessazioni e soprassalti furono arrestati e trasferiti alla caserma Colorado. I
fratelli Florentino, Jorge e Ramón Vargas González furono rinchiusi nella
stessa cella, colpevoli appunto di aver dato ospitalità ad un cattolico perseguitato.
Alcune ore dopo furono rinchiusi nella cella accanto alla loro Luis Padilla
Gómez ed Anacleto González Flores. Jorge, attraverso le sbarre, fece capire a
Luis Padilla che sarebbero stati fucilati entro breve. Si lamentò quindi per
non poter ricevere la comunione quel venerdì, ma suo fratello Ramón replicò:
“Non temere, se moriremo, il nostro sangue laverà le nostre colpe”. L’integrità
d’animo dei fratelli non venne mai meno. Un ordine dell’ultimo momento fece
separare Florentino dagli altri.
La morte di Jorge fu senza dubbio preceduta da torture, giacchè il suo corpo
inerme presentava una spalla slogata e contusioni e lividi sul volto. La cosa
sicuramente certa è che, giunta l’ora, tenendo un crocifisso sul petto,
ricevette la scarica congiunta del 201° battaglione che eseguì senza pietà la
sentenza. Durante le esequie, la madre delle vittime, stringendo fra le sue
braccia Florentino, il figlio superstite, esclamò: “Figlio mio! Quanto è stata
vicina a te la corona del martirio! Devi essere più buono per meritarla”. Il
padre, venuto a conoscenza di come erano morti gli altri suoi due figli,
constatò: “Ora so che non sono le condoglianze che mi devono dare, ma
felicitazioni perché ho la fortuna di avere due figli martiri”.
Ramón Vicente Vargas González Giovane dell’Azione Cattolica
Ahualulco de Mercato, Messico, 22 gennaio 1905 - Guadalajara, Messico, 1°
aprile 1927
Ramón Vicente Vargas González nacque ad Ahualulco il 22 gennaio 1905, settimo
di undici fratelli. Tre caratteristiche lo distinsero dagli altri: il colore
rosso dei capelli, che gli valse il soprannome di “Colorado”, l’elevata statura
e la giovialità. Stabilitosi con la famiglia a Guadalajara, Ramón decise di
seguire le orme paterne entrando nella facoltà di Medicina, ove si distinse per
il suo buon umore, il suo cameratismo e la sua chiara identità cattolica. Non
appena possibile, si occupò gratuitamente della salute dei poveri. A ventidue
anni, ormai prossimo a concludere gli studi universitari, accolse in casa
Anacleto González Flores, che subito notò le doti di Ramón e gli propose di
lavorare negli accampamenti della resistenza come infermiere. Il giovane gli
rispose: “Per lei faccio qualsiasi cosa, Maestro, ma darmi alla macchia no”.
La mattina del 1° aprile 1927 un gruppo di poliziotti prese possesso della casa
dei Vargas González, la perquisirono ed arrestarono quanti vi abitavano. Ramón
mantenne la calma nonostante la sua indignazione. Approfittando del tumulto,
riuscì a fuggire in strada senza che i suoi sequestratari se ne accorgessero,
ma poco dopo tornò sui suoi passi e si consegnò loro volontariamente.
I tre fratelli furono destinati alla morte, ma per mitigare la sentenza il
generale di divisione Jesús María Ferreira propose di liberare il minore.
L’indulto riguardava quindi Ramón che però, senza ammettere repliche, cedette
il posto a Florentino. Prima della fucilazione, Ramón fece il segno della
croce.
Autore: Fabio
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