Bienheureux Martyrs de
Douai
Prêtres martyrs en
Angleterre
Fête le 29 octobre
† XVIIe siècle
Béatifiés en 1929
Groupe de plus de 160 prêtres du séminaire anglais de Douai furent martyrisés en Angleterre et dans le Pays de Galles, durant le siècle qui suivit la fondation du célèbre collège par le Cardinal William Allen en 1568. Plus de quatre-vingt anciens élèves de Douai furent béatifiés en 1929. plusieurs diocèses anglais ont une fête collective en leur honneur.
SOURCE : http://www.martyretsaint.com/martyrs-de-douai/
Profile
160 priests, laymen and religious who studied at
the English College in Douai, France,
then returned to minister to covert Catholics in England during
a period of government persecution of
the Church,
and were murdered for
their work.
1
Alexander Rawlins
Edward Campion
Francis Dickinson
James Bird
John Finglow
John Goodman
John Hewett
Matthias Harrison
Miles Gerard
Polydore Plasden
Richard Horner
Robert Leigh
Robert Morton
Robert Watkinson
Roger Dickinson
Thomas Felton
Thomas Ford
Thomas Hemerford
Thomas Holford
William Dean
William Freeman
William Gunter
William Richardson
Additional
Information
books
Book of Saints, by the Monks of
Ramsgate
Our Sunday Visitor’s Encyclopedia of Saints
other
sites in english
English Martyrs,
by Christopher Gillibrand
nettsteder
i norsk
MLA
Citation
“Martyrs of Douai“. CatholicSaints.Info.
31 January 2020. Web. 28 March 2025.
<https://catholicsaints.info/martyrs-of-douai/>
SOURCE : https://catholicsaints.info/martyrs-of-douai/
Martyrs of Douai
Feastday: October 29
Beatified: 1929
A group of 160 priests
trained at the English College of
Douai, in France. They were martyred in England and Wales during
the century following the foundation of
the famed college by Cardinal William
Allen in 1568. All perished at the hands of English authorities while laboring
to reconvert the island. Eighty alumni of Douai were beatified in 1929.
SOURCE : https://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=4766
Blessed Martyrs of Douai (AC)
16th and 17th centuries. During the persecution of Catholics, the sons of
British Catholics had to travel to the Continent for religious studies. One of
the major centers for theological study was located at Douai. More than 160
alumni priests from the English College there were martyred in England and
Wales during the century following the seminary's foundation in 1568. Over 80
of them were beatified in 1929. A collective feast is kept in their honor in
several English diocese, though each also has his own feast (Benedictines).
SOURCE : http://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/1029.shtml
The Blessed Martyrs of
Douai
A group of 160 priests
trained at the English College of Douai, in France. They were martyred in
England and Wales during the century following the foundation of the famed
college by Cardinal William Allen in 1568. All perished at the hands of English
authorities while laboring to reconvert the island. Eighty alumni of Douai were
beatified in 1929.
The English College at
Douai was established by William Allen, later Cardinal, on Michaelmas Day, 29th
September, 1568. It offered an opportunity to form clergy for England in
accordance with the system laid down by the Council of Trent.
Originally it was
intended as a college home for exiles from England, a place where they could
continue their studies in a way no longer possible for Catholics at the English
Universities. In time Allen recognised its potential as a place for training
clergy ready for the return to England when ‘the new religion’ had run its
course. The new priests, however, proved unwilling to wait for that event and
quickly Douai College found itself dedicated very largely to the training of
missionary priests.
Between 1577, the date of
the martyrdom of St Cuthbert Mayne, the college’s protomartyr, and 1680, the
date of the execution of Thomas Thwing, the college’s last martyr, one hundred
and fifty eight college members, priests and layman, secular and religious, met
with a martyr’s death.
The College was suppressed in 1793, and the collegians imprisoned for thirteen months at Doullens, Picardy. They were released in November 1794, returning to Douai for only a few months before obtaining permission to return to England. They found their first refuge at Old Hall Green, Ware, and dedicated the new work of the college to St Edmund of Canterbury on his feast day, November 16th, 1794
Names of The Blessed Martyrs of Douai
1577 Cuthbert Mayne
1578 John Nelson, Thomas
Sherwood
1581 Everard Hanse,
Edmund Campion, Ralph Sherwin, Alexander Briant
1582 John Payne, Thomas
Ford, John Shert, Robert Johnson, William Fylby, Luke Kirby, Laurence
Richardson, Thomas Cottam, William Lacy, Richard Kirkman, James Hudson Thompson
1583 William Hart,
Richard Thirkeld, John Slade, John Bodey
1584 George Haydock,
James Fenn, Thomas Hemerford, John Nutter, John Munden
1585 Thomas Alfield, Hugh
Taylor
1586 Edward Stranchan,
Nicholas Woodfen, Richard Sergeant, William Thomson, Robert Anderton. William
Marsden, Francis Ingolby, John Finglow, John Sandys, John Lowe, John Adams,
Richard Dibdale
1587 Thomas Pilchard,
Edmund Sykes, Robert Sutton, Stephen Rousham, John Hambley, Alexander Crow
1588 Nicholas Garlick,
Robert Ludlam, Richard Sympson, William Dean, William Gunter, Robert Morton,
Hugh More, Thomas Holford, James Claxton, Thomas Felton, Robert Wilcox, Edward
Campion, Christopher Buxton, Ralph Crocket, Edward James, John Robinson,
William Hartley, John Hewett, Robert Leigh, William Way, Edward Burden
1589 John Amias, Robert
Dalby, George Nichols, Richard Vaxley, Thomas Belson, William Spenser
1590 Christopher Bales,
Miles Gerard, Francis Dickinson, Edward Jones, Anthony Middleton, Edmund Duke,
Richard Hill, John Hogg, Richard Holiday
1591 Robert Thorpe,
Momford Scott, George Beesley, Roger Dickinson, Edmund Genings, Eustace White,
Polydore Plasden
1592 William Patenson,
Thomas Pormont
1593 Edward Waterson,
James Bird, Anthony Page, Joseph Lampton, William Davies
1594 William Harrington,
John Cornelius, John Boste, John Ingram, Edward Osbaldeston
1595 Robert Southwell,
Alexander Rawlins, Henry Walpole, William Freeman
1597 William Andleby
1598 Peter Snow,
Christopher Robinson, Richard Horner
1599 Matthias Harrison
1600 Christopher Wharton,
Thomas Sprott, Robert Nutter, Edward Thwing, Thomas Palasor
1601 John Pibush, Mark
Barkworth, Roger Filcock, Thurston Hunt
1602 James Harrison,
Thomas Tichborne, Robert Watkinson, Francis Page
1603 William Richardson
1604 John Sugar
1607 Robert Drury
1608 Matthew Flathers,
George Gervase
1610 Roger Cadwallador,
George Napier, Thomas Somers
1612 Richard Newport,
John Almond
1616 Thomas Atkinson,
John Thulis, Thomas Maxfield, Thomas Tunstal
1618 William Southerne
1628 Edmund Arrowsmith
1641 William Ward,
Ambrose Edward Barlow
1642 Thomas Reynolds,
Alban Roe, John Lockwood, Edmund Catherick, Edward Morgan, Hugh Green
1643 Henry Heath
1644 John Duckett
1645 Henry Morse, John
Goodman
1646 Edward Bamber
1654 John Southworth
1679 Nicholas Postgate,
John Wall, John Kemble
1680 Thomas Thwing
SOURCE : http://www.ucatholic.com/saints/the-martyrs-of-douai/
Douai
(Town and University of
Douai)
(DOUAY, DOWAY)
The town of Douai,
in the department of Nord, France,
is on the River Scarpe, some twenty miles south of Lille.
It contains about 30,000 inhabitants and was formerly the seat of a university.
It was strongly fortified, and the old ramparts have only been removed in
recent years. The town flourished in the Middle
Ages, and the church of Notre-Dame dates from the
twelfth century.
To English Catholics,
the name Douai will always be bound up with the college founded
by Cardinal
Allen during the reign of Queen Elizabeth, where the majority of
the clergy were educated in penal times,
and to which the preservation of the Catholic religion in England was
largely due. Several other British establishments were founded there
— colleges for the Scots and the Irish,
and Benedictine and Franciscan monasteries —
and Douai became the chief centre for those who were exiled for
the Faith. The University of Douai may be said to date from 31 July,
1559, when Philip
II of Spain (in whose dominions it was then situated) obtained a Bull from Pope
Paul IV, authorizing its establishment the avowed object being the
preservation of the purity of the Catholic Faith from
the errors of
the Reformation. Paul
IV died before he had promulgated the Bull,
which was, however, confirmed by his successor, Pius
IV, 6 January, 1560. The letters patent of Philip II, dated 19
January, 1561, authorized the establishment of a university with
five faculties; theology, canon
law, civil
law, medicine, and arts. The formal inauguration took place 5 October,
1562, when there was a public procession of the Blessed
Sacrament, and a sermon was preached in the market-place by
the Bishop of Arras.
There were already a
considerable number of English Catholics living
at Douai, and their influence made itself felt in the new university.
In its early years, several of the chief posts were held by Englishmen,
mostly from Oxford. The first chancellor of the university was Dr.
Richard Smith, formerly Fellow of Merton and regius professor of
divinity at Oxford;
the regius professor of canon law at Douai for many years
was Dr. Owen Lewis, Fellow of New College, who had held the
corresponding post at Oxford;
the first principal of Marchiennes College was Richard White, formerly Fellow
of New College; while Allen himself, after taking his licentiate
at Douai in 1560, became regius professor of divinity. It is reasonable to
suppose that many of the traditions of Catholic Oxford were
perpetuated at Douai. The university was,
however, far from being even predominantly English; it was founded on the
model of that of Louvain,
from which seat of learning the majority of the first professors were drawn.
The two features already mentioned — that the university was
founded during the progress of the Reformation,
to combat the errors of Protestantism,
and that it was to a considerable extent under English influences —
explain the fact that William Allen, when seeking a home for a
projected English college abroad, turned his eyes
towards Douai. The project arose from a conversation which he had
with Dr. Vendeville, then regius professor of canon law in
the University of Douai, and afterwards Bishop of Tournai,
whom he accompanied on a pilgrimage to Rome in
the autumn of 1567; and the foundation took definite shape
when Allen made a beginning in a hired house on Michaelmas Day, 1568.
His object was to gather some of the numerous body of English Catholics who,
having been forced to leave England,
were scattered in different countries on the Continent, and to give them
facilities for continuing their studies, so that when the time came
for the re-establishment of Catholicism,
which Allen was always confident could not be far distant, there
might be a body of learned clergy ready
to return to their country. This was of course a very different thing from
sending missionaries over in defiance of the law while England still
remained in the hands of the Protestants.
This latter plan was an afterthought and a gradual growth from the
circumstances in which the college found itself, though eventually it
became its chief work.
Allen's personality and
influence soon attracted a numerous band of scholars, and a few years after the
foundation of the college the students numbered more than one hundred
and fifty. A steady stream of controversial works issued form Douai,
some by Allen himself, others by such men as Thomas
Stapleton, Richard Bristowe, and others almost equally well known. The
preparation of the Douay
Bible was among their chief undertakings. It is estimated that before
the end of the sixteenth century more than three hundred priests had
been sent on the English mission, nearly a third of whom
suffered martyrdom;
and almost as many had been banished. By the end of the persecution the college counted
more than one hundred and sixty martyrs. Allen had
at first no regular source of income, but depended on the generosity of a few
friends, and especially upon the neighbouring monasteries of Saint-Vaast at Arras, Anchin,
and Marchiennes, which, at the suggestion of Dr. Vendeville, had from
time to time subscribed towards the work. Many private donations were
also received from England.
After a few years, seeing the extreme need of the college and the
importance of the work it was doing, Allen applied to Pope
Gregory XIII, who in 1565 granted a regular pension of one
hundred gold crowns a month, which continued to be paid down to the time of
the French
Revolution. Allen himself gave his whole salary as regius
professor of divinity. The work of the college was
not allowed to proceed without opposition, which at one time became so strong that Allen's life
was in danger, and in 1578 the English were all expelled
from Douai. The college was established temporarily at Reims;
but possession was retained of the house at Douai, and in 1593
it was found possible to return there. By this time Allen had
been called to reside in Rome,
where he died 16 Oct., 1594. Under his successor, Dr. Richard Barrett, the
work was extended to include a preparatory course in humanities, so that it
became a school as
well as a college.
In 1603 under Dr.
Worthington, the third president, a regular college was built,
opposite the old parish church of
St-Jacques, in the Rue des Morts, so called on account of the
adjoining cemetery. The town at this time formed a single parish.
In the eighteenth century it was divided into four parishes,
and the present church of St-Jacques dates from that time.
The English
College was the first to be opened in connexion with the university.
The Collège d'Anchin was opened a few months
later, endowed by the Abbot of
the neighbouring monastery of Anchin,
and entrusted to the Jesuits.
In 1570 the Abbot of Marchiennes founded
a college for
the study of law. The Abbot of
Saint-Vast founded a college of
that name. Later on, we find the College of St. Thomas Aquinas, belonging to
the Dominicans,
the Collège du Roi, and others. The
remaining British establishments were all exclusively for ecclesiastics.
The Irish
College was originally a Spanish foundation. It was
established before the end of the sixteenth century, and endowed with
5,000 florins a year by the King of Spain.
The course of studies lasted six years and the students attended lectures at
the university.
The Scots' College has an unfortunate notoriety in
consequence of the long dispute between the Jesuits and
the secular
clergy which centred round it in later times. It was established in
1594, not as a new foundation, but as the continuation of
a secular college at Pont- à-Mousson in Lorraine,
which, owing to the unhealthfulness of the site, had to seek a new home. In
1506, however, it moved again, and it was not till after several
further migrations that it settled finally at Douai in 1612.
The college was devoid of resources, and it was due to the zealous efforts
of Father Parsons in Rome and Madrid,
and of Father Creighton in France and Flanders,
that numerous benefactions were given, and it was placed on a permanent
footing. For this reason, the Jesuits afterwards
claimed the property as
their own, although it was admitted that in its early years secular
clergy had been educated there. Appeals and counter-appeals were
made, but the question was still unsettled when the Jesuits were
expelled from France in
1764. The French Government, however, recognized the claims of
the Scotch secular
clergy and allowed them to continue the work of
the college under a rector chosen
from their own body. The Benedictine and Franciscan houses
at Douai were near together and were both bound up in
their history with the restoration of the
respective orders in England.
The Franciscan monastery was
founded mainly through the instrumentality of Father
John Gennings, the brother of the martyr.
It was established in temporary quarters in 1618, the students for
the time attending the Jesuit schools;
but by 1621 they had built a monastery and
provided for all necessary tuition
within their own walls. The Benedictines began
in 1605, in hired apartments belonging to the Collège d'Anchin, but a
few years later, through the generosity of Abbot Caravel of the monastery of Saint-Vaast,
they obtained land and built a monastery,
which was opened in 1611. The house acquired a high reputation for
learning, and many of the professors of the university were
at different times chosen from among its members.
Returning now to
the English College, we come upon the unfortunate disputes between the
seculars and regulars in the seventeenth century. Dr.
Worthington, though himself a secular
priest, was under the influence of Father Parsons, and for a long time the
students attended the Jesuit schools and
all the spiritual
direction was in the hands of the society.
A visitation of the college, however, laid bare many
shortcomings in its administration and in the end Worthington was deposed.
His successor, Dr. Kellison (1613-1641), succeeded in restoring
the reputation of the college, while he gradually arranged for
the necessary tuition
to be given within its walls. In the latter half of the seventeenth and the
early years of the eighteenth century, the English College went
through a troubled time. During the presidency of Dr. Hyde (1646-1651),
the University of Douai
obtained certain controlling rights over
the college, which claim, however, he successfully withstood.
His successor, Dr. George Leyburn (1652-1670), fell out with the
"Old Chapter", in the absence of a bishop,
governing the Church in England.
He attacked one Mr.
White (alias Blacklo), a prominent member of their body, and procured a
condemnation of his writings by the University of Douai. In the
end, however, he himself found it necessary to
retire in favour of his nephew, Dr. John Leyburn, who was
afterwards vicar
Apostolic. Hardly was the dispute with the "Blackloists" (as they
were called) finished, when a further storm of an even more
serious nature arose, the centre being Dr.
Hawarden who was professor of philosophy and
then of theology at
the English College for seventeen years.
His reputation became so great that when a vacancy occurred
in 1702 he was solicited by the bishop,
the chief members of the university,
and the magistrates of the town to accept the post of regius professor of
divinity. His candidature, however, was opposed by a party headed by the
vice-chancellor. The Jesuits also
declared against him, accusing him, and through him the English College,
of Jansenism.
In the end, Dr.
Hawarden retired from Douai and went on the mission in England;
and a visitation of the college, made by order of the Holy
See, resulted in completely clearing it of the imputation. In
1677, Douai was taken by Louis
XIV, and since that date has
been under French control, except for the short time that
it was held by the English after the siege of the Duke of Marlborough
in 1710; but it was retaken by the French the following year.
During the rest of the
eighteenth century, there were no important political changes until the Revolution broke
out. The hopes which the English Catholics had
rested on the Stuart family had
now vanished, and the only prospect open to them lay in their foreign centres
of which Douai was the chief. To these centres they devoted the
greater part of their energy. Under the presidency of Dr. Witham (1715-1738)
who is considered a second founder, the English College at Douai
was rebuilt on a substantial scale and rescued from
overwhelming debt;
it had lost nearly all its endowment in the notorious Mississippi scheme,
or "South Sea Bubble". The Irish
College was rebuilt about the middle of the century, and the English Benedictine monastery between
1776 and 1781. But all were destined to come to an end a few years
after this, under the Reign of Terror.
As a town, Douai
suffered less than many others at the beginning of the Revolution.
The university kept
up its Catholic character to
the end, and it was one of the five typical Catholic universities to
which Pitt appealed for an authoritative declaration as to the Catholic
doctrine on the "deposing power" of the pope.
During the Reign of Terror, however, it suffered the same fate as
many similar establishments. When all the clergy of
the town were called upon in 1791 to take the "Civic Oath", the
members of the British establishments claimed exemption in
virtue of their nationality. The plea was allowed for a time; but after
the execution of Louis XVI, when war was
declared between England and France,
it was not to be expected that this immunity would continue. The
superiors and students of most of the British establishments took
flight and succeeded in reaching England.
The members of the English College, with their president, Rev. John
Daniel, remained in the hope of saving the college;
but in October, 1793, they were taken to prison at Doullens in
Picardy, together with six Anglo- Benedictine monks who
had remained for a similar purpose. After undergoing many dangers and
hardships, they were allowed to return to Douai in November, 1794, and a
few months later, by the exertions of Dr. Stapleton, President of St.
Omer (who with his students had likewise been imprisoned at Doullens),
they were set at liberty and allowed to return to England.
The English collegians never returned to Douai. The Penal
Laws had recently been repealed, and they founded
two colleges to continue the work of Douai
— Crook Hall (afterwards removed to Ushaw)
in the North, and St. Edmund's, Old Hall, in the South.
The Roman pension was divided equally between these two until
the French occupied Rome in
1799, when it ceased to be paid. Both these colleges exist at
the present day. After the Revolution, Bonaparte united
all the British establishments in France under
one administrator, Rev. Francis Walsh, an Irishman. On the
restoration of the Bourbons, a large sum of money was paid to
the English Government to indemnify those who had suffered by
the Revolution;
but none of this ever reached Catholic hands,
for it was ruled that as the Catholic colleges were
carried on in France for
the sole reason that they were illegal in England,
they must be considered French, not English, establishments. The
buildings, however, were restored to their rightful owners, and most of them
were sold. The Anglo-Benedictines alone retained their ancient monastery;
and as the community of St. Gregory was then permanently established
at Downside,
they handed over their house at Douai to the community of St. Edmund,
which had formerly been located in Paris.
These Benedictines carried
on a school at Douai
until 1903, when in consequence of the Associations' Law passed
by the Government they were forced to leave. They returned to England,
and settled at Woolhampton, near Reading.
Sources
DODD, Church History
of England; IDEM, ed. TIERNEY, R. C., Hist. of Eng. Col., Douay, ed.
DODD (1713); BUTLER, Reminiscences (1822); KNOX, Douay Diaries (1878);
IDEM, Letters of Cardinal Allen (1882); J. GILLOW, Haydock
Papers (1888); H. GILLOW, Chapels of Ushaw; WARD, History of St.
Edmund's College (1893); HUSENBETH, Eng. Colleges and Convents on the
Continent (1849); CAMERON, The Catholic Church in Scotland (Glasgow,
1869); BOYLE, Irish College in Paris (1901); BURT, Downside (1902);
THADDEUS, Franciscans in England (1898); Calendar of English
Martyrs (1876); DAUCOISNE, Etablissements Britanniques à Douai (Douai,
1881); HANDECŒUR, Histoire du Collège Anglais, Douai (Reims, 1898);
TAILLIAR, Chroniques de Douai (1875); Catholic Magazine (1831).
Also many unpublished MSS. in the Westminster archives, and in those of the
"Old Brotherhood" (formerly the "Old Chapter").
Ward, Bernard.
"Douai." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 5. New York: Robert Appleton
Company, 1909. 29 Oct. 2015 <http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05138a.htm>.
Transcription. This
article was transcribed for New Advent by WGKofron. With thanks to Fr.
John Hilkert, Akron, Ohio.
Ecclesiastical
approbation. Nihil Obstat. May 1, 1909. Remy Lafort, Censor. Imprimatur. +John
M. Farley, Archbishop of New York.
Copyright © 2023 by Kevin Knight.
Dedicated to the Immaculate Heart of Mary.
SOURCE : http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05138a.htm
Saturday, October 29,
2011
The Martyrs of Douai,
1577-1680
In the Archdiocese of
Westminster in London, today is the feast of the Martyrs
of Douai College which was transplanted from the Spanish Netherlands
to London:
The English College at
Douai was established by William Allen, later Cardinal, on Michaelmas Day, 29th
September, 1568. It offered an opportunity to form clergy for England in
accordance with the system laid down by the Council of Trent.
Originally it was
intended as a college home for exiles from England, a place where they could
continue their studies in a way no longer possible for Catholics at the English
Universities. In time Allen recognised its potential as a place for training
clergy ready for the return to England when 'the new religion' had run its
course. The new priests, however, proved unwilling to wait for that event and
quickly Douai College found itself dedicated very largely to the training of
missionary priests.
Between 1577, the date of
the martyrdom of St Cuthbert Mayne, the college's protomartyr, and 1680, the
date of the execution of Thomas Thwing, the college's last martyr, one hundred
and fifty eight college members, priests and layman, secular and religious, met
with a martyr's death.
The College was
suppressed in 1793, and the collegians imprisoned for thirteen months at
Doullens, Picardy. They were released in November 1794, returning to Douai for
only a few months before obtaining permission to return to England. They found
their first refuge at Old Hall Green, Ware, and dedicated the new work of the
college to St Edmund of Canterbury on his feast day, November 16th, 1794.
The webpage lists the
martyrs by year--the class of 1588 was the largest: Nicholas Garlick, Robert
Ludlam, Richard Sympson, William Dean, William Gunter, Robert Morton, Hugh
More, Thomas Holford, James Claxton, Thomas Felton, Robert Wilcox, Edward
Campion, Christopher Buxton, Ralph Crocket, Edward James, John Robinson,
William Hartley, John Hewett, and Robert Leigh.
The bookends (just to
switch metaphors) are St. Cuthbert Mayne and St. Thomas Thwing:
St. Cuthbert Mayne was
the first Englishman prepared for the priesthood at Douai and he is the
protomartyr of the English seminaries established on the Continent. Born in
Devonshire, he was ordained an Anglican minister but became Catholic in the
early 1570's while at Oxford. He returned to England in 1575, serving in
Cornwall, and was arrested a year later. One of the charges against him was
that he had an Agnus Dei, an image of Jesus as the Lamb of God, blessed by the
pope. He was hung, drawn and quartered in Cornwall on November 29, 1577.
St. Thomas Thwing
suffered during the Popish Plot hysteria in 1680. From 1664 to 1679 he served
as a missionary priest in England. He and other members of Sir Thomas Gasciogne's
household, including the master, were accused of a conspiracy to kill King
Charles II and brought to London for trial. The others were acquited but he was
found guilty and condemned; the King pardoned him but the House of Commons
demanded his execution. Of course he was innocent of any charges of conspiracy;
he was guilty of being a Catholic priest.
One could research each
of the names on that list and read a common, yet individual pattern of
vocation, service, suffering, and martyrdom. At the bottom of the list of
names, there is a quote from William Allen, founder of Douai College--
"Joy in the Lord
because the victory won by Christ's confessors predominates over earthly sorrow
at the grievousness of
their suffering."
SOURCE : http://supremacyandsurvival.blogspot.ca/2012/10/the-martyrs-of-douai-in-london.html
Blessed Laurence Richardson, Thomas Cottam & William Filby MM (AC)
Died 1582; beatified in 1886. These three were martyred at Tyburn together with
Saint Luke Kirby.
Laurence Richardson was
born at Great Crosby, Lancashire, England. He was educated at Brasenose
College, Oxford, and after his conversion to Catholicism, studied for the
priesthood at Douai. He was ordained in 1577 and sent to the English mission,
where he changed his name from Johnson to Richardson.
Thomas Cottom was born at
Dilworth, Lancashire, in 1549, and like Richardson, was educated at Brasenose,
converted to Catholicism, and studied for the priesthood at Douai. He finished
his studies in Rome, was ordained, and received into the Society of Jesus. He
returned to England in 1580, but was arrested upon landing at Dover and
imprisoned in the Tower, where he waited two years to be hanged.
William Filby was born in
Oxfordshire and educated at Lincoln College, Oxford. He, too, was a convert to
the faith, but attended the seminary at Rheims, where he was ordained in 1581.
The following year he was martyred (Benedictines).
SOURCE : http://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/0530.shtml
Luke Kirby, Priest M (RM)
Born at Bedale, Yorkshire, England; died at Tyburn near London, May 30, 1582;
canonized by Pope Paul IV in 1970 as one of the Forty Martyrs of England and
Wales. Saint Luke graduated from Cambridge, converted to Catholicism, and, in
1576, went to Douai to study for the priesthood. After further study in Rome,
he was ordained in 1577 and sent on the English mission in 1580. Soon after his
arrival he was arrested and charged with conspiring against the queen, though
in reality because he was a Catholic priest. He was imprisoned in the Tower of
London, subjected to the terrible torture known as "the scavenger's
daughter," and then hanged, drawn, and quartered with Blessed Laurence
Richardson, Thomas Cottam and William Filby (Benedictines, Delaney).
SOURCE : http://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/0530.shtml
Blessed Christopher Buxton, Robert Wilcox, Robert Widmerpool, Edward James,
Ralph Crockett, and John Robinson MM (AC)
Died 1588; beatified in 1929. These Reformation martyrs were all hanged, drawn
and quartered in England. Christopher Buxton was born in Tideswell, Derbyshire.
Following his education in Rheims and Rome, he was ordained to the priesthood
in 1586 and served two years until his death at Canterbury.
Edward James was another
Derbyshire native, born in Breaston. After completing his undergraduate studies
at St. John's College in Oxford and converting to Catholicism, he studied for
the priesthood at Rheims and Rome. He ministered to his flock for five years
prior to his execution at Chichester.
John Robinson, born in
Ferrensby, Yorkshire, was a widower when he entered the seminary in Rheims. He
was ordained there in 1585. Three years later he was executed for his
priesthood at Ipswich.
Ralph Crockett, like
Edward James, was martyred at Chichester. He was born in Barton-on-the-Hill,
Cheshire. Crockett was a schoolmaster in Norfolk and Suffolk after finishing
his studies at Christ's College (Cambridge) and Gloucester Hall (Oxford). Later
he prepared to serve God's people in the priesthood at Rheims. He, too, was
ordained in 1586 and was martyred two years later.
Robert Widmerpool,
educated at Oxford, was a Nottingham gentleman schoolmaster. He was martyred at
Canterbury with Fr. Wilcox.
Robert Wilcox was born at
Chester and educated at Rheims, where he was ordained in 1585. He died for his
priesthood at Canterbury (Benedictines).
SOURCE : http://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/1001.shtml
Blessed Antony Middleton & Edward Jones MM (AC)
Died 1590; beatified in 1929. Antony Middleton was born at Middleton Tyas, Yorkshire, England, and educated for the secular priesthood at Rheims, France. Edward Jones was born in the diocese of Saint Asaph, Wales, and educated at Douai. He labored as a missionary priest in England from 1635 until his death. Both were hanged, drawn, and quartered at Clerkenwell, London, for being priests (Benedictines).
SOURCE : http://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/0506.shtml
Blessed Edward Waterson M (AC)
Born in London, England; died at Newcastle in 1593; beatified in 1929. Blessed
Edward converted from Anglicanism to Catholicism, studied for the priesthood at
Reims, and was ordained in 1592. The following year he was executed for his faith
at Newcastle (Benedictines).
SOURCE : http://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/0107.shtml
Blessed William Harrington M (AC)
Born at Mount Saint John, Felixkirk, Yorkshire, England; died at Tyburn, 1594;
beatified in 1929. William was educated and ordained in 1592 at Rheims. He was
only 27 when he was hanged, drawn, and quartered for his priesthood
(Benedictines).
SOURCE : http://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/0218.shtml
Blessed John Cornelius, SJ, Thomas Bosgrave, John Carey, and Patrick Salmon MM (AC)
Died at Dorchester, England, 1594; beatified in 1929.
John Cornelius was
born at Bodmin of Irish parents. He became a fellow of Exeter College, Oxford,
and a student at Rheims and then at Rome, where he was ordained a priest in
1583. He worked for ten years on the English mission at Lanherne and became a
Jesuit only in 1594.
Thomas Bosgrave was
a gentleman, the nephew of Sir J. Arundel. Martyred with Cornelius and Bosgrave
were two of Bosgrave's servants: John Carey and Patrick Salmon.
They were accused of sheltering priests.
The Act of 1585 made it
high treason to have been ordained a Roman Catholic priest and simple treason
to aid a priest. The penalty for laypeople dealing with the outlawed priest was
liable to vary according to local custom--some may have gotten off fairly
lightly. On the other hand, a man might be hanged for buying a priest a tankard
of ale.
John Cornelius was
condemned for his priesthood. Thomas Bosgrave had taken off his hat and crammed
it on the head of Mr. (Father) Cornelius, when the Jesuit was being carried
away as a prisoner-- "The honor I owe to your function may not suffer me
to see you go bareheaded." Mr. Bosgrave was instantly arrested, led away,
and hanged together with Mr. Cornelius.
(Note: At that time in England,
priests were addressed 'mister.' It was not until the mid-19th century that the
Irish Catholic practice of using 'father' became customary in England)
(Benedictines, Undset).
SOURCE : http://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/0704.shtml
Blessed William Andleby
and Companions (AC)
Died York, England, 1597; beatified in 1929. William Andleby was born at Etton,
near Beverley, and educated at Saint John's College, Cambridge. After his
conversion to Catholicism, he studied for the priesthood at Douai and was
ordained in 1577. He labored in Yorkshire for twenty years--longer than many of
his contemporaries. He was martyred together with three Catholic laymen: Edward
Fulthrop, Thomas Warcop, and Henry Abbot.
Edward Fulthrop was a
Yorkshire gentleman who also converted to Catholicism. Thomas Warcop, another
gentleman of Yorkshire, was hanged for sheltering priests. Another convert,
Henry Abbot, a native of Howden in Yorkshire, was executed because of his
conversion (Benedictines).
SOURCE : http://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/0704.shtml
Blessed John Pibush M (AC)
Born at Thirsk, Yorkshire, England; died 1601; beatified in 1929. John was
educated at Rheims and ordained in 1587. He was sent to the English mission
where he spent his time mostly in prison until he was finally executed at
Southwark, solely for his priesthood (Benedictines).
SOURCE : http://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/0218.shtml
Blessed John Duckett and Ralph Corby (Corbington), SJ MM (AC)
Died 1644; beatified in 1929. Fathers Duckett and Corby were martyred at Tyburn
outside London, England because they were Catholic priests. John Duckett was
born in Underwinder, near Sedbergh, Yorkshire, and educated for the priesthood
at Douai. After his ordination in 1639, he ministered to the Catholics at
Durham.
Ralph Corbington was born
in Maynooth (near Dublin), Ireland. His entire family, including his father,
mother, sisters, and brothers, all took religious vows. He received his initial
education at Saint-Omer, then studied theology at Seville and Valladolid,
Spain. In 1631, he was admitted to the Jesuits at Flanders, ordained, and sent
to the English Mission at Durham, where he served Catholics for 12 years before
his martyrdom. There is a rumor that the Jesuits unsuccessfully tried to
negotiate his release in return for the release of a Scottish colonel being
held prisoner in Germany. An attempt was also made to claim that the law could
not apply to Father Ralph because he was not a citizen of England.
Despite precautions taken
to destroy the bodies of the martyrs, the hand of John Duckett and pieces of
both their clothing were recovered by the faithful; however, no one knows the
current location of these first and second degree relics (Benedictines,
Montague).
SOURCE : http://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/0907.shtml
Douai-martyrene (16./17.
årh)
Minnedag:
29. oktober
Mer enn 160 prester
utdannet ved det engelske kollegium i Douai i Frankrike måtte bøte med livet i
England og Wales under protestantenes forfølgelser i løpet av århundret fra
kollegiets grunnleggelse i 1568. Over 80 av dem er blir saligkåret eller
helligkåret som martyrer. Kollektivt kan de feires den 29. oktober.
Sist oppdatert: 1997-12-13 20:59
Linken er kopiert til
utklippstavlen!
SOURCE : https://www.katolsk.no/biografier/historisk/douai
Voir aussi : http://rcdow.org.uk/vocations/news/the-martyrs-of-douai/
