Statue
de Saint Exupère, Toulouse, Basilique Saint-Sernin -
Sculpture of Saint Exuperius in the Basilica of St. Sernin, Toulouse
Saint Exupère
Évêque de
Toulouse (+ 415)
Évêque de Toulouse qui entreprit la construction de la célèbre basilique Saint Sernin. Saint Jérôme, qui lui dédia son commentaire sur le prophète Zacharie, soulignait ainsi sa charité lors de l'invasion des Vandales dans le midi de la France: "Le saint évêque a faim tandis qu'il nourrit les autres. Son visage est marqué par les jeûnes, mais il est surtout torturé par la faim des autres. Il a tout donné aux pauvres qui sont les entrailles du Christ."
- St Exupère, 5e successeur de St Sernin comme évêque de Toulouse. Paroisse Saint Exupère - diocèse de Toulouse
- Exupère, évêque de Toulouse, venait se reposer des fatigues de son épiscopat à Blagnac, où il avait fait construire sa maison à l'emplacement de la chapelle actuelle. Il y recevait les malades et les pauvres. Il aimait beaucoup, paraît-il, les habitants de ce petit village. Les Blagnacais le lui ont bien rendu en le vénérant et en le faisant Saint Patron de leur village. C'est dans ce lieu qu'il serait mort et inhumé au début du Ve siècle.
- Oratoire Saint Exupère - ville de Blagnac
- "Saint Exupère serait né à Arreau vers la fin du IVe siècle. Il fut évêque de Toulouse, succédant à Sylvius; il y acheva notamment la construction d'une église pour abriter les reliques de saint Saturnin (située sur l'emplacement actuel de la basilique Saint Sernin). Il s'employa à subvenir aux besoins des plus nécessiteux, 'endurant la faim pour nourrir autrui' nous dit saint Jérôme. Il vendit en particulier les vases sacrés de son église pour distribuer l'argent aux pauvres, ne gardant pour lui que le strict nécessaire. Il protégea la ville de l'invasion des Vandales; saint Jérôme le cite d'ailleurs comme sauveur de son peuple face aux invasions barbares. Il combattit les hérésies des Goths et du prêtre Vigilance qui prêchait contre le culte des martyrs et leurs reliques, contre le jeûne, le célibat et la profession monacale.
Aux dires de ses contemporains, il s'est montré 'un vigoureux gardien de la foi et de la religion', n'hésitant pas à consulter le Pape Innocent Ier afin de connaître la position à adopter face aux problèmes de son temps. Il mourut à Blagnac et une partie de ses reliques a été donnée à l'église d'Arreau. Il est Saint patron d'Arreau et de Barthe." (diocèse de Tarbes et Lourdes)
Saints du diocèse de Tarbes et Lourdes, fichier pdf.
À Toulouse, après 411, saint Exupère, évêque, qui consacra une basilique en
l'honneur de saint Saturnin et, lors d'une invasion des barbares, se montra un
ardent défenseur de la cité; selon saint Jérôme, autant il était ménager pour
lui-même, autant il se montrait généreux pour les autres.
Martyrologe romain
SOURCE : https://nominis.cef.fr/contenus/saint/8360/Saint-Exup%C3%A8re.html
Saint Exupère
Fête le 28 septembre
Évêque de Toulouse
Légende de la gravure
Saint Exupère déclare aux
Toulousains qu’on verra plutôt son bâton fleurir qu’on ne le verra retourner à
Toulouse, et aussitôt son bâton pastoral fleurit.
Saint Exupère naquit vers
le milieu du quatrième siècle, à Arreau, dans le diocèse actuel de Tarbes.
Riches des biens de la grâce et de la vertu, ses parents étaient dépourvus des
biens de la terre. L’enfant, néanmoins, reçut une éducation soignée. Jeune
encore, Exupère montrait une grande aptitude pour les lettres ; mais
surtout sa douceur et son amabilité lui gagnaient l’affection de tous. L’évêque
de Toulouse, saint Sylve, frappé de tant de belles qualités, le prit avec lui,
l’instruisit, lui conféra les ordres sacrés et le chargea d’annoncer à ses
diocésains la parole de Dieu. Le jeune prêtre s’en acquitta avec tant de succès
qu’à la mort de Sylve, clergé et peuple choisirent Exupère pour le remplacer
sur le siège de saint Saturnin, premier évêque de Toulouse. Mais il fallut
faire violence à l’humilité du saint pour lui imposer ce fardeau, qu’il
trouvait trop lourd pour ses épaules.
Le nouvel évêque, ne
respirant que la gloire de Dieu et l’honneur de la T. S. Vierge, convertit un
temple autrefois dédié à Minerve en une église qui est devenue Notre-Dame de la
Daurade.
Saint Sylve avait jeté
les fondements d’une basilique qui devait renfermer les reliques du grand
apôtre du Languedoc, saint Saturnin ; mais la mort l’avait empêché
d’achever son œuvre. Saint Exupère réalisa les désirs de son prédécesseur et
transporta solennellement dans la nouvelle basilique le corps du saint martyr.
Il ouvrit le cercueil de bois qui le renfermait et, après l’avoir exposé à la
vénération publique, le déposa à l’entrée du chœur dans une tombe de marbre.
Plusieurs fois détruite
et rebâtie, cette basilique est aujourd’hui l’église Saint-Sernin, de Toulouse.
Modèle accompli de toutes
les vertus, saint Exupère se distingua surtout par son admirable charité pour
les pauvres. « Non content d’employer tout ce qu’il possédait, dit de lui
saint Jérôme, et de se réduire au dénuement le plus complet pour soulager les
indigents, Exupère, pendant une disette, alla jusqu’à vendre les calices et les
reliquaires de ses églises. » Puis, le solitaire de Bethléem nous montre
le saint évêque de Toulouse avec un visage pâle et défait par le jeûne et les
privations de toutes sortes et mourut lui-même de faim pour nourrir ses frères.
La conduite d’Exupère
vis-à-vis du Saint-Sacrement, conduite qui peut paraître étrange puisqu’il
était réduit à se servir à la messe d’un simple verre pour calice, Dieu daigna
l’approuver par un miracle éclatant. Saint Ambroise, à Milan, souffrait depuis
longtemps d’une maladie grave ; il envoie, sur le conseil de saint Jérôme,
un messager à Toulouse avec ordre de lui rapporter de l’eau dont aurait été
lavé le verre qui servait de calice à saint Exupère. Saint Ambroise n’en eut
pas plutôt goûté qu’il fut guéri. Ce verre est resté avec les reliques du saint
dans l’église de Saint-Sernin, de Toulouse, jusqu’aux profanations de la grande
Révolution.
La charité de notre
saint, se trouvant comme à l’étroit dans la Gaule, se répandit jusque dans
l’Egypte et la Palestine. Les vierges et les solitaires, au fond de leur
désert, furent l’objet de ses libéralités.
Malgré tant de vertus,
quelques mécontents se levèrent qui forcèrent le saint à s’éloigner de son
troupeau ; mais les malheurs qui fondirent sur l’église de Toulouse, veuve
de son pasteur, leur ouvrirent les yeux. Les rebelles se rendirent près du
saint pour le supplier de vouloir bien leur pardonner et de retourner parmi
eux.
Exupère refuse
d’abord : « Je ne suis pas plus décidé à reprendre une charge que
vous m’avez rendue si douloureuse, leur dit-il, que ce bâton que je tiens dans
mes mains n’est prêt à fleurir. » Mais à peine cette parole était-elle
prononcée que le bâton verdit miraculeusement et paraît aux yeux de tous chargé
de fleurs et de fruits. « Le ciel est pour nous ! » s’écrient
les envoyés. Et ils protestent, en pleurant, qu’ils lui seront à jamais soumis.
Il cède enfin, et rentre
à Toulouse au milieu des transports de joie de ses enfants. Sa présence fait
cesser les fléaux et l’abondance rentre avec lui dans la ville.
L’hérétique Vigilance,
qui attaquait le culte des saintes reliques et le célibat, trouva en saint
Exupère et par lui en saint Jérôme des adversaires si ardents, qu’il fut
contraint d’aller cacher sa honte en Espagne.
Après Vigilance, voici
les Barbares. Alains, Suèves, Vandales, menacent de ruiner Toulouse comme ils
ont détruit sur leur passage plusieurs villes de la Novempopulanie. Le saint
évêque, dans cette extrémité, implore l’assistance de Dieu, se présente devant
le chef barbare et lui intime hardiment l’ordre de lever le siège. A la vue du
saint, en qui il aperçoit quelque chose de divin, le barbare recule, saisi de
respect et comme repoussé par une force invincible.
Sauvée une fois par son
évêque, la ville de Toulouse est enfin prise par les Goths, qui en font la
capitale de leur royaume et un foyer d’arianisme.
Nouvelles angoisses pour
le pasteur. Il a, à la fois, à défendre la foi de son peuple et à lutter contre
l’hérésie. Il eut du moins la consolation de voir bien de ces barbares ariens
se convertir à la foi catholique. Ce fut de ce travail de conversion qu’il
s’épuisa. Ses austérités, son zèle et les fatigues qu’il se donnait pour
prémunir les fidèles contre le prosélytisme des Barbares abrégèrent le cours de
sa vie. Ce fut à l’œuvre que la mort le surprit, pendant qu’il visitait les
populations de son diocèse pour les affermir dans la foi. Il était à Blagnac
lorsque, le 28 septembre, vers l’an 415, le Seigneur l’appela à lui.
Le corps de saint Exupère
repose dans l’église de Saint-Sernin qu’il avait lui-même achevée, à côté des
reliques de saint Saturnin qu’il y avait lui-même transportées avec amour.
Also
known as
Essuperio
Exsuperius
Soupire
Profile
Bishop of Toulouse, France.
Known for his charity,
including aid to the poor in Egypt and Palestine. Saint Jerome thought
highly of him, and dedicated one of his Bible commentaries to him.
Additional
Information
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of Saints, by the Monks of
Ramsgate
Lives
of the Saints, by Father Alban
Butler
books
Our Sunday Visitor’s Encyclopedia of Saints
other
sites in english
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en español
Martirologio Romano, 2001 edición
fonti
in italiano
MLA
Citation
“Saint Exuperius of
Toulouse“. CatholicSaints.Info. 23 January 2018. Web. 28 September 2024.
<https://catholicsaints.info/saint-exuperius-of-toulouse/>
SOURCE : https://catholicsaints.info/saint-exuperius-of-toulouse/
St. Exuperius
Feastday: September 28
Death: 411
Bishop of Toulouse,
France, and a friend of St. Jerome. Exuperius, also called Soupire, donated
vast sums to the Christian communities
of Egypt and
Palestine. He received a list of authentic books
of the Bible from Pope
Innocent I. It is believed that Exuperius was exiled late in life.
SOURCE : https://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=3317
Article
(Saint) Bishop (September
28) (5th
century) A saintly Bishop of Toulouse in France at
the beginning of the fifth
century. Saint Jerome,
who dedicated to him one of his works, extols his virtues. We have a letter
from him to Pope Saint Innocent
I. He was devoted to the poor,
and even sent large contributions to those of Palestine and Egypt. He passed
awav A.D. 411.
MLA
Citation
Monks of Ramsgate.
“Exuperius”. Book of Saints, 1921. CatholicSaints.Info.
6 April 2017. Web. 28 September 2024. <https://catholicsaints.info/book-of-saints-exuperius/>
SOURCE : https://catholicsaints.info/book-of-saints-exuperius/
St. Exuperius
(Also spelled Exsuperius).
Bishop of Toulouse in the
beginning of the fifth century; place and date of birth
unascertained; died after 410. Succeeding St. Silvius as bishop, he completed the
basilica of St.
Saturninus, begun by his predecessor. St. Jerome praises
him for his munificence to the monks of
Palestine, Egypt,
and Libya, and for his charity to the people of his own diocese, who were then
suffering from the depredations of the Vandals, Alans, and
Suevi. Of great austerity and simplicity of life, he sought not his own, but
gave what he had to the poor. For their sake he even sold the altar vessels and
was compelled in consequence to carry the Sacred Host in an osier basket and
the Precious Blood in a vessel of glass. In esteem for his virtues and in
gratitude for his gifts, St. Jerome dedicated
to him his "Commentary on Zacharias . Exuperius is best known in
connection with the Canon of the Sacred
Scriptures. He had written to Innocent I for
instructions concerning the canon and several points of ecclesiastical discipline.
In reply, the pope honoured him with
the letter Consulenti tibi, dated February, 405, which contained a list of the
canonical scriptures as we have them today, including the deuterocanonical
books of the Catholic Canon,
books of the Catholic Canon.
The assertion of non-Catholic writers that the Canon of Innocent I excluded
the Apocrypha is not true,
if they mean to extend the term Apocrypha to the deuterocanonical
books.
The opinion of Baronius, that the bishop Exuperius
was identical with the rhetor of the same name, is quite generally rejected, as
the rhetor was a teacher of Hannibalianus and Dalmatius, nephews of Constantine the Great,
over a half a century before the period of the bishop. From Jerome's
letter to Furia of Rome,
in 394, and from the epistle of St. Paulinus to Amandus of Bordeaux, in 397, it
seems probable that Exuperius was a priest at Rome, and later at Bordeaux, before he was
raised to the episcopate, though it is possible that in both of these letters
reference is made to a different person. Just when he
became bishop is
unknown. That he occupied the See of Toulouse in
February, 405, is evident from the letter of Innocent I mentioned
above; and from a statement of St. Jerome in a
letter to Rusticus it is certain that he was
still living in 411. It is sometimes said that St. Jerome reproved
him, in a letter to Riparius, a priest of Spain, for tolerating
the heretic Vigilantius;
but as Vigilantius did not belong to the diocese of Toulouse, St. Jerome was
probably speaking of another bishop.
Exuperius was early venerated as a
saint. Even in the time of St. Gregory of Tours he
was held in equal veneration with St. Saturninus.
His feast occurs
on 28 September. The first martyrologist to assign it to this date was Usuard, who wrote
towards the end of the ninth century.
Kelly,
Leo. "St. Exuperius." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol.
5. New York: Robert Appleton
Company, 1909. <http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05731a.htm>.
Transcription. This
article was transcribed for New Advent by Michael C. Tinkler. In memory of
Professor Thomas Lyman.
Ecclesiastical
approbation. Nihil Obstat. May 1, 1909. Remy Lafort, Censor. Imprimatur. +John
M. Farley, Archbishop of New York.
Copyright © 2023 by Kevin Knight.
Dedicated to the Immaculate Heart of Mary.
SOURCE : https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05731a.htm
EXUPERIUS OF TOULOUSE,
ST.
Bishop; date and place of
birth uncertain; local tradition places his tomb at Blagnac near Toulouse. As
bishop of Toulouse c. 405 to 411, Exuperius (or Exsuperius; Spire in
French) completed the basilica begun by his predecessor, St. Silvius. It was
dedicated to the first bishop of Toulouse, St. Saturninus, whose relics were
brought there. St. jerome dedicated the Commentarii in Zachariam to
Exuperius, praised his steadfastness during the Vandal invasion (Epist. 123),
and, in a letter to Rusticus of Marseilles (Epist. 125), praised his
generosity. Exuperius sought the advice of innocent i on several points of
Scripture and discipline. His reply is an important document (P. Jaffé, Regesta
pontificum romanorum ab condita ecclesia ad annum post Christum natum 1198, ed.
S. Löwenfeld and F. Kaltenbrunner n.405). Gregory of Tours (Historia Francorum 2:13)
took note of his career.
Feast: Sept. 28.
Bibliography: Acta
Sanctorum Sept. 7:583–589. S. Le nain de Tillemont, Mémoires pour
servir à l'histoire ecclésiastique des six premiers siècles (Paris
1693–1712) 10:617–620, 825–826; 12:268, 285, 322. G. Bareille, Dictionnaire
de théologie catholique, ed. A. Vacant (Paris 1903–50) 5.2:2022–27. A. Butler, The Lives of the Saints, ed. H. Thurston and D. Attwater (New
York 1956) 3:664–665. É.Griffe, La Gaule chrétienne à l'époque
romaine, v.2 (Paris 1957); Catholicisme 4:1017.
[g. e. conway]
New Catholic Encyclopedia
St. Exuperius
St. Exuperius was a
bishop in ancient France, and was renowned for his generosity.
He was born in the
Pyrenees, a place that now holds a chapel and is a pilgrimage site, and became
bishop of Toulouse in 403. He was known to send gifts to Christians living as
far away as Egypt and Palestine. Many were suffering during that time because Gaul
and much of Europe was being overrun by the Vandals.
St. Jerome was one who
benefited from his charity, and he dedicated his commentary on the book of
Zacharias to Exuperius. “To relieve the hunger of the poor, he suffers hunger
himself,” Jerome wrote of the bishop. “He gives his all to the poor of Christ.
… His charity knew no bounds.”
Exuperius wrote to the
pope for advice on several matters, including what books were officially
included in sacred Scripture. The list that the pope replied with contains the
same books we have today.
We do not know when or
where St. Exuperius died, but it seems that he was exiled during the last part
of his life. He is counted among the most important bishops of Gaul, which is
likely why his relics rest in the reliquary chapel in the Basilica—Notre Dame
was founded by French missionaries from the Congregation of Holy Cross.
St. Exuperius, you were
the generous bishop who supported Christians in need far and wide, pray for us!
SOURCE : https://faith.nd.edu/saint/st-exuperius/
September 28
St. Exuperius, Bishop of
Toulouse
HE was born,
according to the most received opinion, in Aquitain, and raised to the see of
Toulouse after the death of St. Sylvius. St. Jerom, who corresponded with him,
bestows the highest commendations on him in many places of his works. Above
all, he praises his charity for the poor. “To relieve their hunger,” says he,
“he suffers it himself, and condemns himself to the severest self-denial, that
he may be enabled to administer to their wants. The paleness of his face
declares the rigour of his fasts; but his poverty makes him truly rich. So poor
is he, as to be forced to carry the body of our Lord in an osier basket, and
his blood in a glass vessel. His charity knew no bounds. It sought for objects
in the most distant parts, and the solitaries of Egypt felt its beneficial
effects.” It was in his time that the Vandals, the Sueves, and Alans spread
horrible ravages through Gaul. The tender affection wherewith he flew to the
relief of the unhappy sufferers, drew tears of joy from St. Jerom’s eyes. This
father dedicated to him his Commentaries on the Prophet Zachary. St. Exuperius
was not witness of the taking of Toulouse by the barbarians, God having spared
him so poignant an affliction. He was still alive in 409, since St. Paulinus of
Nola, who wrote in this year, reckons him among the illustrious bishops who
then adorned the Gallican church. Neither the place nor year of his death are
known. Pope Innocent addressed to him the decretal so famous in church history.
It is divided into a number of articles relating to church discipline. St.
Exuperius is honoured at Toulouse on this day, and the feast of his translation
celebrated on the 14th of June. See St. Jerom, Ep. 4, 10, 11, et Præf. in lib.
1. et 2 Comm. in Zach. Catel, Hist. de Languedoc, l. 5, &c.
Rev. Alban Butler
(1711–73). Volume IX: September. The Lives of the Saints. 1866.
Saint of the Day – 28
September – Saint Exuperius of Toulouse (Died c411) Bishop and Confessor
Posted on September
28, 2024
Saint of the Day – 28
September – Saint Exuperius of Toulouse (Died c411) Bishop and Confessor,
Apostle of the destitute, the poor, the deprived and needy including aid to the
poor in Egypt and Palestine. Born on an unknown date probably in France and
died in c411 in Toulouse of natural causes. He was highly regarded by St Jerome
who dedicated one of his works to him. Also known as – Exupère, Essuperio,
Exsuperius, Soupire.
The Roman Martyrology
reads today: “At Toulouse, St Exuperius, Bishop and Confessor. St Jerome bears
witness to this blessed man, a memorable testimony, relating how severed he was
towards himself and how gentle and liberal towards others.”
His place and date of
birth are unknown. Upon succeeding Sylvius as the Bishop of Toulouse, he
ordered the completion of the Basilica of St Saturninus, a part of which was
incorporated into the Basilica of St Sernin.
St Jerome praised
Exuperius “for his munificence to the Monks of Palestine, Egypt and Libya and,
for his charity to the people of his own Diocese, who were then suffering from
the attacks of the Vandals.” On behalf of the poor in his Diocese, he sold the
Basilica’s Altar Vessels and was, therefore, compelled to carry the Sacred
Offering in an osier willow basket and the Precious Blood in a vessel of glass.
In respect of his virtues
and in gratitude for his gifts, St Jerome dedicated his Commentary on Zacharias
to him.
Exuperius is best known
in connection with the biblical Canon. He had written to Pope Innocent I for
instructions concerning the Canon and several points of Ecclesiastical
behaviour. In reply, the Pope honoured him with the letter ‘Consulenti Tibi’
dated 20 February 405 which contained a list of the Canonical scriptures.
From St Jerome’s letter
to Furia in 394 and from the epistle of St Paulinus to St Amandus of Bordeaux
in 397, it seems probable that Exuperius was a Priest at Rome and later at
Bordeaux, before he was raised to the Episcopate.
The precise date of his
promotion to the Seat of Toulouse is unknown. Evidence suggests that he
occupied the See of Toulouse in February 405 (as is evident from the letter of
Innocent I mentioned above). It is sometimes said that St Jerome reproached him
in a letter to Riparius, a Priest of Spain, for tolerating the heretic
Vigilantius but, as Vigilantius did not belong to the Diocese of Toulouse, St
Jerome was probably speaking of another Bishop.
Exuperius was venerated
as a Saint from early times. In the time of St Gregory of Tours he was held in
equal veneration with St Saturninus. His Feast occurs on 28 September. The
first Martyrologist to assign it to this date was Usuard, who wrote towards the
end of the 9th Century. There are many Churches, Schools and charitable
Apostolates named after St Exuperius.
Author: AnaStpaul
Passionate Catholic.
Being a Catholic is a way of life - a love affair "Religion must be like
the air we breathe..."- St John Bosco Prayer is what the world needs
combined with the example of our lives which testify to the Light of Christ.
This site, which is now using the Traditional Calendar, will mainly concentrate
on Daily Prayers, Novenas and the Memorials and Feast Days of our friends in
Heaven, the Saints who went before us and the great blessings the Church
provides in our Catholic Monthly Devotions. This Site is placed under the
Patronage of my many favourite Saints and especially, St Paul. "For the
Saints are sent to us by God as so many sermons. We do not use them, it is they
who move us and lead us, to where we had not expected to go.” Charles Cardinal
Journet (1891-1975) This site adheres to the Catholic Church and all her
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Chasse
(casket) of Saint Exuperius (reliquary). At the top Christ on the
cross with Mary and John; below, the death of St-Exuperius. Treasure of the
Basilica Saint Sernin of Toulouse.Basilica of St. Sernin, Musée
Paul-Dupuy
Châsse
de saint Exupère de Toulouse (reliquaire). En
haut le christ en croix avec Marie et Jean ; en dessous, la mort de
St-Exupère. Émaux champlevés polychrome. Atelier limousin. Trésor de la
Basilique Saint Sernin de Toulouse
Santuario
di San Exsuperius di Tolosa (reliquiario). In alto Cristo in croce con Maria e
Giovanni; in basso, la morte di San Exsuperius di Tolosa. Tesoro della Basilica
Saint Sernin di Tolosa
Sant' Essuperio di
Tolosa Vescovo
Festa: 28 settembre
† 411 (?)
Martirologio
Romano: A Tolosa in Aquitania, ora in Francia, sant’Esuperio, vescovo, che
dedicò una basilica in onore di san Saturnino e, al momento dell’invasione dei
barbari, si mostrò strenuo difensore della sua città; san Girolamo racconta
quanto fosse parco verso se stesso e generoso, invece, con gli altri.
Nulla si sa di lui prima del suo episcopato e ciò che si dice, come osserva il Tillemont, è falso e incerto. Portò a termine la basilica di san Saturnino, che Silvio, suo immediato predecessore, aveva intrapreso a costruire, trasportandovi le reliquie del santo. Nel 405 ricevé una lettera di Innocenzo I, che egli aveva interpellato su alcune questioni. E' menzionato, insieme con altri vescovi contemporanei, in una lettera di Paolino di Nola, citata da Gregorio di Tours, che lo pone fra i migliori presuli della Gallia della sua epoca. San Girolamo fu in relazione con Essuperio e gli dedicò il commento su Zaccaria nel 406; inoltre, gli attribuisce la salvezza di Tolosa dai barbari nel 407 e nel 408. Raggiunse, secondo il Duchesne, l'anno 411.
E' iscritto nel Martirologio Romano al 28 settembre.
Autore: Gilbert Bataille
