Vénérable Humbert de Romans
Maître
général de l'ordre des Dominicains (✝ 1277)
Né vers 1200,
originaire de Romans, en Isère, il rejoint l'ordre des dominicains à Paris et
devint Maître général de l'ordre en 1254. Il produit de nombreux ouvrages
concernant les rites liturgiques dominicains, la prédication, les homélies...
Il se retire en 1263 à Valence où il mourut le 14 juillet 1277.
Humbert de Romans, troisième successeur de saint Dominique à la tête de l'Ordre, maître de l'ordre de 1254 à 1263: le vénérable Humbertus de Romans (France)
"Puisque l'effort humain ne peut rien accomplir sans l'aide de Dieu", écrit-il, "la chose la plus importante pour un prêcheur est qu'il ait recours à la prière".
Vénérable Humbert de Romans
Fils d’un couple fortuné de la ville de Romans
(Isère). Après avoir obtenu un doctorat en droit civil à Paris, il songe dans
un premier temps à entrer dans l’Ordre des Chartreux, mais choisit finalement
l’Ordre des Frères Prêcheurs, dont il prend l’habit au Couvent de Saint-Jacques
en 1224.
Il effectue ensuite un pèlerinage en Terre Sainte, et dès son retour est nommé
gouverneur de la province romaine.
Il gravit ensuite graduellement les échelons de son Ordre jusqu’à en atteindre
le sommet en 1254 en devenant le cinquième général.
Il entreprend alors plusieurs missions en Europe en débutant par une visite en Hongrie. En 1258, il est admis à siéger au conseil du roi Saint-Louis afin de juger un conflit entre les seigneurs de Clermont, d’Anjou et de Poitiers.
Quelque temps après, il s’associe à Albert le Grand, Saint-Thomas d’Aquin et Pierre de Tarentaise pour tenter de préserver les populations du Hainaut des ravages causés par les incursions tartares.
En 1263, il quitte sa charge et se retire dans la solitude près de Valence, où il passe les quatorze dernières années de sa vie.
Humbert est aussi l’auteur de nombreux ouvrages théologiques, parmi lesquels figurent un traité sur les vœux de Religion, une histoire de la vie de Saint-Dominique et une petite chronique de son Ordre (+ 1277).
SOURCE : http://reflexionchretienne.e-monsite.com/pages/vie-des-saints/juillet/saint-humbert-de-romans-dominicain-1277-fete-le-14-juillet.htmlIl entreprend alors plusieurs missions en Europe en débutant par une visite en Hongrie. En 1258, il est admis à siéger au conseil du roi Saint-Louis afin de juger un conflit entre les seigneurs de Clermont, d’Anjou et de Poitiers.
Quelque temps après, il s’associe à Albert le Grand, Saint-Thomas d’Aquin et Pierre de Tarentaise pour tenter de préserver les populations du Hainaut des ravages causés par les incursions tartares.
En 1263, il quitte sa charge et se retire dans la solitude près de Valence, où il passe les quatorze dernières années de sa vie.
Humbert est aussi l’auteur de nombreux ouvrages théologiques, parmi lesquels figurent un traité sur les vœux de Religion, une histoire de la vie de Saint-Dominique et une petite chronique de son Ordre (+ 1277).
Blessed Humbert of Romans, OP (PC)
Born at Romans, Dauphiné, France, in 1193; died there in 1277. The contribution
of Humbert of the Romans to Dominican life can never be overestimated. While he
has never been formally beatified, he has been given the popular title of
"blessed" since his death. His name is associated with the foundation
of the order and the clarification of its rule and constitutions, which reveals
the sure touch of his saintly and logical mind.
Humbert came from a
large family, several of whom became religious; one of them was a Carthusian.
He met the Dominicans at the University of Paris, where he was teaching on the
faculty of arts and studying theology in 1224.
There is a charming
story concerning his choice of a vocation to the Dominicans. He was kneeling
one day in the cathedral of Notre Dame during the Office of the Dead being
chanted by the canons. His mind kept wandering to the choice of a vocation, for
his family had been friendly with the Carthusians for many years, and his
brother had already joined them.
As he debated with
himself, an old priest wandered down from the choir and engaged him in quiet
conversation. He asked Humbert where he came from, and Humbert replied that he
was a parishioner. The old priest regarded him shrewdly and said, "Do you
remember what you promised at your baptism--to renounce the devil and all his
pomps? Why don't you become a Friar Preacher?"
Humbert could
hardly keep his mind off the priest's words, and at the responsory for the
lesson, "Where shall I fly if not to You?," he decided once and for
all that he would become a friar. He went to consult with his professor of
theology, Hugh of Saint Cher, who was planning to become a Dominican himself as
soon as he could arrange his affairs. On the feast of Saint Andrew, Humbert
knelt at the feet of Blessed Jordan of Saxony and asked for the habit of the
Dominicans.
The first task of
the new brother was teaching at Lyons. His profound knowledge of Scripture
recommended him for the highest teaching posts in the order. In 1240, when he
was elected provincial of Lombardy, he began his administrative career.
From that time
until his death, there was scarcely an event of any importance to the order in
which he did not play a part. As provincial of France, from 1244 to 1254, he
worked steadily to stabilize relations of the order and the university, perhaps
foreseeing that there would one day be a showdown between the two great forces
there. He was offered the patriarchate of Jerusalem, which he refused, and at
the election of Gregory IX he received nearly enough votes to be elected pope.
Humbert was a
careful canonist, and he carried around a master copy of the Dominican
Constitutions in order that a copy could be made in the various houses. In his
time the order had begun to feel the need for uniformity more than ever before,
for its members were spreading to the far parts of the earth, and local
regulations differed.
This was nowhere
more clearly seen than in the liturgy, which differed not only with each
diocese but with each basilica. When the brethren of various provinces got
together for a general chapter, it was harrowing to try to chant the office.
Humbert, along with several others, was appointed to begin work on a
unification of the liturgy, even before he became master general in 1254. After
his election as the fifth master general of the order, he intensified his
efforts in this behalf.
Most of the
regulations of the Dominican liturgy that have come down to us are in the words
of Humbert. His principal contribution appears to be the unification of the
liturgy. He set up a norm and insisted that all the varying elements conform to
it, apologizing to the brethren meekly for the fact that some of them would be
disappointed in the forms chosen ("since one cannot please everyone").
Many distinguishing
features of the Dominican Mass can trace their definite form to this talented
and sincere man who devoted his energies to the quiet task of building a
structure that would wear through the centuries.
The dignity and
clarity of the Dominican Constitutions likewise owe a debt to this man who
wrote so clearly and unequivocally of the spirit that Dominic had left to his
children, and which was in Humbert's day just being recorded for posterity.
Humbert was also successful in the development of the foreign missions, and in
the definitive planning of the studies of the Dominicans (Benedictines, Dorcy).
SOURCE : http://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/0714.shtml
Humbert of Romans
(DE ROMANIS).
Sources
SOURCE : http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07542a.htm
Humbert of Romans (Humbertus de Romanis, c.1200-1277), the fifth master general of the Order of Preachers, 1254-1263. Humbert was born at Romans-sur-Isère in south-eastern France (c.80 kms south of Lyons). As a young man, he went to Paris to study theology and canon law, becoming a Master of Arts before joining the Order of Preachers in 1224. In 1226, Humbert was appointed lector of theology for the convent in Lyons, for which he was conventual prior in 1237. Around 1238, he was elected prior provincial for the province of Romana, he received several votes at a papal election in 1241, in 1244-45 he was elected prior provincial of Francia, and finally, in 1254, the general chapter elected him master general of the Order. During his generalate, which lasted to 1263, Humbert contributed significantly to a re-organization and homogenization of the Order, an improved relation to the Franciscan Order, and a joined mendicant defense against their many secular critics. After leaving the office of master general in 1263, he went back to his old convent of Lyons, where he continued his series of numerous writings. Humbert died on 14 July 1277 and was buried in Valence (near Romans). He became venerated as Blessed within the Order, but was never officially beautified.
SOURCE : http://www.jggj.dk/Humbert.htm
Blessed Humbert of Romans
SOURCE : http://catholicsaints.info/blessed-humbert-of-romans/
Humbert of Romans, Fifth Master General of the Order of Preachers.TREATISE ON PREACHING. Translated by the Dominican Students Province of St. Joseph
Edited by WALTER M. CONLON, O.P. : http://dominicanidaho.org/humbert.html
Voir aussi : http://www.dominicains.ca/Documents/documents_gen/maitres.htm
Humbert of Romans
(DE ROMANIS).
Fifth master general
of the Dominican Order, b. at Romans
in the Diocese of Vienne about
1194; d. 14 July, 1277 or 15 January, 1274, at Valence. He is mentioned as a student at Paris in 1215. In 1224 he entered the Order of St. Dominic, was professor of theology at the school of his order at Lyons in 1226, and prior
at the same place from 1236 to 1239. In 1240 he became provincial of the Roman,
and in 1244 of the French province
of Dominicans. After holding the latter office
ten years he was elected master
general of his order at the general chapter
held at Budapest in 1254. In 1263 he voluntarily resigned this office at the general
chapter held in London, and retired to the monastery of Valence where he spent the rest of his life. During
his generalate the liturgy of
the Dominican Order received its permanent form.
Humbert's humility did not permit him to accept the Patriarchate
of Jerusalem, which was offered
him after he had resigned as master general. He is the author of various ascetical treatises, some of which were collected and
edited by Berthier: "Opera
B. Humberti" (2 vols., Paris, 1889). In a treatise entitled: "Liber
de tractandis in concilio Lugdunensi 1274" he severely criticizes
the faults of the clergy. Parts of it were edited by Martène
in "Veterum Script. et monument. ecclesiasticorum et dogmaticorum ampl.
collectio" (Paris, 1724-33), VII, 174-98.
Sources
MORTIER, Histoire des Maîtres généraux de
l'ordre des Frères-Prêcheurs, I (Paris, 1903-5), 415-664; L'Année
Dominicaine, VII (Lyons, 1896), 283-342; DE WARESQUIL, Le
bienhereux Humbert de Romans (Paris, 1901).
Ott, Michael.
"Humbert of Romans." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 7.
New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910. 15 Jul. 2015 <http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07542a.htm>.
Humbert of Romans (Humbertus de Romanis, c.1200-1277), the fifth master general of the Order of Preachers, 1254-1263. Humbert was born at Romans-sur-Isère in south-eastern France (c.80 kms south of Lyons). As a young man, he went to Paris to study theology and canon law, becoming a Master of Arts before joining the Order of Preachers in 1224. In 1226, Humbert was appointed lector of theology for the convent in Lyons, for which he was conventual prior in 1237. Around 1238, he was elected prior provincial for the province of Romana, he received several votes at a papal election in 1241, in 1244-45 he was elected prior provincial of Francia, and finally, in 1254, the general chapter elected him master general of the Order. During his generalate, which lasted to 1263, Humbert contributed significantly to a re-organization and homogenization of the Order, an improved relation to the Franciscan Order, and a joined mendicant defense against their many secular critics. After leaving the office of master general in 1263, he went back to his old convent of Lyons, where he continued his series of numerous writings. Humbert died on 14 July 1277 and was buried in Valence (near Romans). He became venerated as Blessed within the Order, but was never officially beautified.
Humbert has left us a number of written works of various kinds. These
include a commentary on the Rule of St. Augustine and the Dominican
constitutions (Exposito regulae beati Augustini Episcopi et super
constitutiones fratrum praedicatorum), a treatise on the formation of
preachers (De eruditione praedicatorum), supplemented with a
series of model sermons, a treatise on the various officials in Dominican
convents (Instructiones de officiis ordinis), a manual for
preachers of the crusade (De predicatione crucis contra Saracenos),
a short comment on the ways in which the brethren were bound by Dominican
constitutions and decrees (Epistola de regularis observantia
disciplinae), and finally the work Opus tripartitum with
competent analyses of the state of the Western Church, relations between Greeks
and Latins, and conditions of the Holy Land. Humbert also functioned as
collector and publisher of earlier Dominican material, such as Fr. Gerald de
Frachet’s famous “Life of the Brethren” (Vitae fratrum) and a Legenda sancti
Dominici.
Lit.: William A. Hinnebusch OP, The History of the Dominican
Order, vol. 2, New York 1973, 288-294; Simon Tugwell
OP, ‘Introduction’, in Early
Dominicans : Selected Writings, New York 1982, 31-35; Edward Tracy Brett, Humbert of Romans : His life and views of thirteenth-century society,
Toronto 1984.
De predicatione crucis contra Saracenos (“On Preaching the Cross against the Saracens”).
Written by Humbert soon after the Saracens had taken Sephed in
1266 as a tool of assistance for the friars, whom the pope had commisioned to
preach a new crusade to the Holy Land. In 46 chapters, Humbert prepares the
friars for the task and provides them with ideas and materials for their
sermons. Apparently, the crusade preaching manual was still considered highly
valuable in fifteenth-century Germany. A summary is published by Lecoy de la
Marche in “La prédication de la
croisade au XIIIe S.”,
Revue des questions historique vol. 48 (1890), 5-28.
De predicatione crucis contra Saracenos is now available in extenso online in an edition by Kurt Villads Jensen, University
of Southern Denmark 2007.
Blessed Humbert of Romans
Profile
Studied in Paris, France. Doctor of civil law. Joined the Dominicans
in 1224. Pilgrim to the Holy Lands. Provincial of the Dominican
Roman province in 1240. Dominican
provincial of France in 1244. Fifth master-general of the Dominicans
in 1254. Formed and sponsored several successful foreign missions, supported the education of Dominicans,
and approved the final revision of the Dominican
Liturgy. He stepped down from his position in 1263, and retired to the priory
of Valence, France. Came briefly out of solitude at the request of Pope Clement IV to settle a dispute among members of the Cistercians.
Born
- at Romans, France
Humbert of Romans, Fifth Master General of the Order of Preachers.TREATISE ON PREACHING. Translated by the Dominican Students Province of St. Joseph
Edited by WALTER M. CONLON, O.P. : http://dominicanidaho.org/humbert.html
Voir aussi : http://www.dominicains.ca/Documents/documents_gen/maitres.htm
