Saint Clair
Premier Évêque de
Nantes (IVe siècle)
Évêque de Nantes, selon
le martyrologe romain, au IVe siècle... ou disciple de saint
Pierre et premier apôtre de Bretagne, selon certains...
"Le diocèse de
Nantes fut fondé par Saint Clair, premier évêque de Nantes au IIIe siècle
arrivé par la Loire, qui joua un rôle important dans l'évangélisation de la
Haute-Bretagne." (Une
histoire riche - Eglise catholique en Loire Atlantique)
La tradition est unanime
pour faire de saint Clair le premier évêque de Nantes. Bien que son culte ne
soit attesté qu'au XIe siècle, et que Grégoire de Tours n'en
fasse pas mention parmi les saints du pays nantais, c'est au IVe siècle qu'il
faut vraisemblablement situer son action pastorale. Aux IXe-Xe siècles, lors
des incursions normandes, le corps de saint Clair fut transporté à Angers,
comme celui de saint Gohard.
Il y était vénéré dans
l'église abbatiale Saint-Aubin.
(Notices des Offices propres de l'Église de
Nantes où Saint Clair, premier évêque de Nantes, est fêté le 10
octobre)
A Nantes, au IVe siècle,
saint Clair, vénéré comme le premier évêque de la cité.
Martyrologe romain
SOURCE : https://nominis.cef.fr/contenus/saint/9939/Saint-Clair.html
.JPG)
Clarus de Nantes
† 310
Clarus (Clair) serait
venu de Rome.
Il portait avec lui un des clous qui avaient servis à la crucifixion de saint
Pierre et son premier soin fut d’ériger un oratoire dédié à cet Apôtre.
Il est considéré comme le premier évêque de Nantes, où il aurait siégé de 280 à
310 environ.
Au terme de ces trente années de fécond apostolat, Clarus mourut à Kerbellec
(Réguiny, Morbihan).
L’oratoire dédié à saint Pierre serait à l’origine de l’actuelle cathédrale des
saints Pierre et Paul.
Le Martyrologe Romain mentionne saint Clarus de Nantes au 10 octobre.
SOURCE : http://www.samuelephrem.eu/2017/10/clarus-de-nantes.html
Chapelle
de Saint Clair, Cathédrale de Nantes
Also
known as
Chiara
Profile
Third
century missionary to
Armorica (in modern Brittany, France). Bishop of Nantes, France.
Additional
Information
Book
of Saints, by the Monks of
Ramsgate
books
Our Sunday Visitor’s Encyclopedia of Saints
images
sitios
en español
Martirologio Romano, 2001 edición
fonti
in italiano
MLA
Citation
“Saint Clarus of
Nantes“. CatholicSaints.Info. 28 May 2018. Web. 9 October 2022.
<https://catholicsaints.info/saint-clarus-of-nantes/>
SOURCE : https://catholicsaints.info/saint-clarus-of-nantes/
_5996.JPG)
Église
Saint-Clair (Réguiny) "Saint Clair envoie de Nantes Adéouat prêcher dans
le diocèse de Vannes. Il vient à Réguigny" signature de Ch.Lorin Chartres
1905, don de Monsieur Cosmé Bellec
Nantes (Nannetes)
Diocese of
Nantes (Nanceiensis).
This diocese,
which comprises the entire department of Loire Inférieure, was re-established
by the Concordat of 1802, and is suffragan of Tours.
According to late traditions, St. Clarus, first Bishop of
Nantes, was a disciple of St. Peter. De la Borderie, however, has shown that
the ritual of the Church of
Nantes, drawn up by precentor Helius
in 1263, ignores the apostolic mission of St. Clarus; that St. Peter's nail in
the cathedral of
Nantes was not brought thither by St. Clarus, but at a time subsequent to the
invasions of the Northmen in
the tenth century; that St. Flix of Nantes, writing with six other bishops in
567 to St. Radegond, attribute to St. Martin the chief rôle in the conversion
of the Nantais to Christianity;
that the traditions concerning the mission of St. Clarus are later than 1400.
The earliest list of the bishops of
Nantes (made, according to Duchesne, at the beginning of the tenth century)
does not favour the thesis of a bishop of
Nantes prior to Constantine. The author of the Passion of the Nantesmartyrs,
Sts. Donatian and Rogatian, places their death in the reign of Constantius
Chlorus, and seems to believe that Rogatian could not be baptized, because
the bishop was
absent. Duchesne believes that the two saints suffered
at an earlier date, and disputes the inference of the ancient writer concerning
the absence of the bishop.
He believes that the first bishop of
Nantes, whose date is certain,
is Desiderius (453), correspondent of Sulpicius Severus and St.
Paulinus of Nola. Several bishops,
it is true,
occupied the see before
him, among others St. Clarus and St. Similianus, but their dates are uncertain.
Mgr Duchesne considers as legendary the St. Æmilianus supposed to have
been Bishop of
Nantes in Charlemagnes reign and to have fought the Saracens inBurgundy.
Among the
noteworthy bishops are:
St. Felix (550-83), whose municipal improvements at Nantes were praised in the
poems ofFortunatus,
and who often mediated between the people of Brittany and the Frankish kings;
St. Pacharius (end of seventh century); St. Gohard (Gohardus), martyred by
the Northmen in
843, with the monks of
the monastery of
Aindre; Actardus (843-71), during whose time the Breton prince Nomenoé, in his
conflict with the metropolitan see of Tours,
created a see at Guérande, in favour of an ecclesiastic of Vannes,
in the heart of the Diocse of Nantes; the preacher Cospeau (1621-36). The
diocese venerates: the monkSt.
Hervé (sixth century); the hermits Sts.
Friard and Secondel of Besné (sixth century); St. Victor, hermit at
Cambon (sixth or seventh century); the English hermit Vital,
or St. Viaud (seventh or eighth century); the Greek St. Benoît, Abbot of
Masserac inCharlemagne's time;
St. Martin of Vertou (d. 601), apostle of the Herbauges district and founder of
the Benedictine monastery of
Vertou; St. Hermeland, sent by St.
Lambert, Abbot of
Fontenelle, at the end of the seventh century to found on an island in the
Loire the great monastery of
Aindre (now Indret); the celebrated missionary St. Amand, Bishop of
Maastricht (seventh century), a native of the district of Herbauges. Blessed
Franoise d'Ambroise (1427-85), who became Duchess of Brittany in 1450, had a
great share in the canonization of
St. Vincent Ferrier, rebuilt the choir of the collegiate church of Notre-Dame,
and founded at Nantes themonastery of
the Poor
Clares. Widowed in 1457, she resisted the intrigues of Louis XI, who urged
her to contract a second marriage, and in 1468 became a Carmelite nun at Vannes.
In 1477, at the request of Sixtus
IV, she restored the Benedictinemonastery of
Couëts, near Nantes. The philosopher Abelard was
a native of the diocese.
The Abbey of La Meilleraye, founded in 1132, was the beginning of an
establishment of Trappist Fathers,
who played a most important part in the agricultural development of the
country. The crusades were
preached at Nantes by Blessed
Robert of Arbrissel, founder of Fontevrault. Venerable Charles of Blois won
Nantes from his rival Jean de Montfort in 1341. On 8 August, 1499, Louis XII
married Anne of Brittany at Nantes — a marriage which later led to the
annexation of the Duchy of Brittany to the Crown of France (1532).
Chateaubriant, a town of the diocese,
was a Calvinistic centre
in the sixteenth century. For the Edict of Nantes (1595), which granted Protestants religious
freedom and certain political prerogatives, see HUGUENOTS.
In 1665, by order
of Louis
XIV, Cardinal
Retz was imprisoned in
the castle of Nantes, from which he contrived to escape. A college was created
at Nantes in 1680 for the education of Irish ecclesiastics.
Certain regions of the diocese were,
during the Revolution,
the scene of the War of La Vendée, waged in defence of religious freedom and to
restore royalty. At Savenay in December, 1793, succumbed the remains of the
Vendean army, already defeated in the battle of Cholet. The atrocities
committed at Nantes by the terrorist Carrier are well-known. Four councils were
held at Nantes, in 600, 1127, 1264, and 1431. The mausoleum of Francis II, last
Duke of Brittany, executed in 1507 by Michel Colomb, is one of the finest
monuments of the Renaissance.
The chief places ofpilgrimage of
the diocese are:
Notre-Dame de Bon Garant at Orvault, a very old pilgrimage,
repeatedly made by Francis II, Duke of Brittany; Notre-Dame de Bon Secours at
Nantes, a pilgrimage centre
which dates back to the fourteenth century ; Notre-Dame de Toutes Aides.
Notre-Dame de Miséricorde became a place of pilgrimage in
1026 in memory of the miracle by
which the country is said to have been freed from a dragon; the present seat of
the pilgrimage is
the Church of St. Similien at Nantes. Before the law of
1901 against congregations, the diocese counted Capuchins, Trappists, Jesuits,
Missionary Priests of Mary, Augustinians,Franciscans,
Missionaires of Africa, Premonstratensians, Sulpicians,
and several orders of teaching brothers. The Ursulines of
Nantes were established by St.
Angela of Merici in 1640.
Among the congregations
for women originating
in the diocese are:
the Sisters of Christian Instruction, a teaching order founded in 1820 at
Beignon (Diocese
of Vannes) by Abbé Deshayes, of which the mother-house was transferred to
St-Gildas des Bois in 1828; Sisters of the Immaculate Conception, a teaching
and nursing order, founded in 1853 (mother-house at La Haye Mahéas) ;Franciscan Sisters,
founded in 1871 (mother-house at St-Philbert de Grandlieu); Oblate Franciscan Sisters
of the Heart of Jesus, founded in 1875 by Mlle Gazeau de la Brandanniere
(mother-house at Nantes). At the beginning of the twentieth century, the
religious congregations of the diocese conducted
three creches, 44 day nurseries, 3 homes for sick children, 1 institution for
the blind, 1 deaf and dumb institution, 6 boys' orphanages,
17 girls' orphanages,
3 homes for poor girls, 1 institution for the extinction of mendicity, 2 houses
of mercy, 1 house to supply work to the unemployed, 1 vestiary, 10 houses of
visiting nurses, 7 homes for invalids and for retirement, 23 hospitals or
asylums. The Diocese of Nantes has 664,971 Catholics,
52 parishes,
209 succursalparishes.
Sources
Gallia christ, (nova,
1856), XIV, 794-842; Instrumenta, 171-188; Travers, Hist.
abrégée des évêques de Nantes (3 vola., Nantes, 1836); Kersauson
L'épiscopat Nantais travers les siècles in Revue hist. de L'Ouest (1888-90);
Duchesne, Fastes Episcopaux, II, 356, 368; Cahors, L'apostolat de
Saint Clair, premier évêque de Nantes, tradition Nantaise (Nantes, 1883) ;
De la Borderie, Études hist. bretonnes. St. Clair et les origines de
l'église de Nantes (Rennes, 1884); Richard, Études sur la légende
liturgique de Saint Clair, premier évêue de Nantes (Nantes, 1886);
Richard, Les saints de l'église de Nantes (Nantes, 1873) ;
Boyle. The Irish College in Nantes (London, 1901); Lallié, Le
Diocèse de Nantes pendant la Révolution (Nantes, 1893). For further
bibliography see Chevalier, Topobibl., s.v.
Goyau,
Georges. "Nantes (Nannetes)." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol.
10. New York: Robert Appleton Company,1911. 9 Oct.
2019 <http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10681a.htm>.
Transcription. This
article was transcribed for New Advent by Joseph McIntyre.
Ecclesiastical
approbation. Nihil Obstat. October 1, 1911. Remy Lafort, S.T.D.,
Censor. Imprimatur. +John Cardinal Farley, Archbishop of New York.
Copyright © 2020 by Kevin
Knight. Dedicated to the Immaculate Heart of Mary.
SOURCE : http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10681a.htm
_5997.JPG)
Église
Saint-Clair (Réguiny) "Saint Clair reçoit Adéouat
qui
lui rend compte de sa mission et le supplie de venir à Réguigny"
Don
de Joseph Lohézic
San Chiaro di Nantes Vescovo
Martirologio Romano A
Nantes nella Gallia lugdunese, ora in Francia, San Chiaro, venerato come primo
vescovo di questa città
Nulla di preciso si
conosce su Chiaro che fu vescovo di Nantes quasi certamente nel sec. IV.
Tradizioni tardive ne hanno fatto un discepolo di san Lino papa e dello stesso
san Pietro. Nell'878, durante le invasioni normanne, i suoi resti furono
trasferiti a Sant'Albino di Angers: questa traslazione è commemorata il 25
ottobre, mentre la festa di Chiaro viene celebrata al 10 ottobre nei Propri di
Nantes, Vannes e St-Brieuc.
Autore: Pierre
Villette
SOURCE : http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/73870
Molinier Auguste. 72. Clarus (S.), S. Clair, évêque de Nantes [note bibliographique]. Collections numériques de la Sorbonne Année 1901 1 p. 26 : https://www.persee.fr/doc/shf_0000-0000_1901_num_1_1_849_t1_0026_0000_6
