Marc,
34e pape de l'Église catholique (18 janvier 336-7 octobre 336). Médaillon de la
frise des papes, Basilique Saint-Paul-hors-les-Murs (mosaïque
du milieu du XIXe siècle). Il fait partie de la série de médaillons
voulue par Grégoire XVI destinée à remplacer ceux de l'ancienne basilique après
l'incendie de 1823.
Portait
of en:Pope
Mark in the en:Basilica of Saint Paul
Outside the Walls, Rome
Ritratto
di it:Papa
Marco nella it:Basilica di San Paolo fuori
la Mura, Roma
Saint Marc
Pape (34 ème) en 336 (+ 336)
Romain d'origine, il ne fut évêque de Rome que durant
huit mois. Il édifia deux petites basiliques et la tradition lui prête la
décision de réciter le symbole de Nicée après l'Évangile.
À Rome, en 336, saint Marc, pape, qui
construisit un titre dans le quartier de Pallacine au cœur de la ville, et une
basilique au cimetière de Balbine sur la voie Ardéatine, où il fut inhumé.
Martyrologe romain
SOURCE : http://nominis.cef.fr/contenus/saint/1974/Saint-Marc.html
Statue
représentant saint Marc, église de Saint-Marc-à-Loubaud, Creuse, France.
Statue
of Pope Saint Mark in the church of Saint-Marc-à-Loubaud, France.
Saint Marc
Pape (34e) en 336
Le Liber pontificalis en fait un Romain,
fils de Priscus. Marc ne participa pas aux disputes qui suivirent le Concile de
Nicée. Mais sous son règne, saint Athanase d'Alexandrie (296-373) était en exil
à Trêves ; Marcel d'Ancyre († 374) et d'autres chefs de file de l'orthodoxie
nicéenne étaient déposés. Arius était sur son lit de mort. On a de bonnes
raisons de croire que c'est sous son règne que débuta la compilation des listes
anciennes des évêques et des martyrs de Rome connues sous le nom de Depositio
episcoporum et de Depositio martyrum. Son court pontificat fut de dix
mois. Il est vénéré par l'Église comme saint et fêté le 7 octobre.
SOURCE : http://levangileauquotidien.org/main.php?language=FR&module=saintfeast&id=7116&fd=0
Saint Marc (336)
Son pontificat ne dura que quelques mois.
Il s’employa à lutter contre l’hérésie arienne.
SOURCE : http://eglise.de.dieu.free.fr/liste_des_papes_03.htm
7 octobre : Saint
Marc, pape
Romain, né dans la
deuxième moitié du IIIe siècle, il entra dans le clergé de Rome dont il fut un
membre important durant le pontificat du pape saint Melchiade. Après la mort de saint Sylvestre Ier, il fut élu pape le
18 janvier 336.
Durant son court
pontificat, il accorda le pallium à l’évêque d’Ostie, qu’il désigna
en outre pour consacrer l’évêque de Rome. Il ordonna aussi que fussent établies
les premières listes d’évêques et de martyrs, connues sous les noms de Depositio
episcoporum et Depositio martyrum. Il consacra aussi la basilique
Saint-Marc de Rome.
Le pontificat de Marc ne
fut marqué par aucune persécution particulière. Il mourut en paix, après huit
mois de règne, le 7 octobre 336.
SOURCE : https://reinformation.tv/7-octobre-marc-pape-calendrier/
Marcus I in art ; Reliefs in Saint Peter's
Basilica ; Interior of Saint Peter's
Basilica
Also
known as
Marcus
confined to local
calendars since 1969
Profile
Son of Priscus. Chosen
34th pope;
he reigned less than a year. Believed to have built the basilica of
San Marco in Rome, Italy and
the Juxta Pallacinis basilica just
outside the city. Issued a constitution confirming the power of the bishop of Ostia to
consecrate newly elected popes.
Little else is known of his life or reign.
Born
Papal Ascension
7 October 336 at Rome, Italy of
natural causes
buried in
the catacomb of
Balbina, where he had built the cemetery church
Additional
Information
Book
of Saints, by the Monks of
Ramsgate
Lives
of the Saints, by Father Alban
Butler
Short
Lives of the Saints, by Eleanor Cecilia Donnelly
books
Our Sunday Visitor’s Encyclopedia of Saints
other
sites in english
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sitios
en español
Martirologio Romano, 2001 edición
fonti
in italiano
MLA
Citation
“Pope Saint Mark“. CatholicSaints.Info.
26 September 2022. Web. 27 April 2026.
<http://catholicsaints.info/pope-saint-mark/>
SOURCE : http://catholicsaints.info/pope-saint-mark/
Book of Saints –
Mark – 7 October
Article
(Saint) Pope (October
7) (4th
century) A Roman of noble birth who succeeded Saint Sylvester on the Papal
throne (A.D. 336). But his reign lasted only a few months. He died Oct. 7, A.D.
336. Many centuries afterwards the body of Pope Saint Mark was translated to
the church (San Marco) in Rome, which he himself had had built in honour of
Saint Mark the Evangelist. Pope Saint Mark is credited by some authors with
having been the first to confer on certain Archbishops the much-prized ornament
known as the Pallium. He is also alleged to have introduced the practice of
reciting the Nicene Creed at Mass on Sundays and festivals. But this is very
doubtful. Writing some years after his death the epitaph of Saint Mark, Pope
Saint Damasus insists on the simple-mindedness and love of prayer which
characterised his holy predecessor.
MLA
Citation
Monks of Ramsgate.
“Mark”. Book of Saints, 1921. CatholicSaints.Info.
24 November 2014. Web. 27 April 2026.
<https://catholicsaints.info/book-of-saints-mark-7-october/>
SOURCE : https://catholicsaints.info/book-of-saints-mark-7-october/
New
Catholic Dictionary – Pope Saint Mark
Article
Reigned in 336. Born
Rome; died there. Because of discordant traditions nothing certain is known of
the acts of his pontificate. He is said to have built two basilicas. Issued a
constitution confirming the power of the bishop of
Ostia to consecrate newly elected popes. Feast,
Roman Calendar, 7
October.
MLA
Citation
“Pope Saint Mark”. New Catholic Dictionary. CatholicSaints.Info.
12 August 2018. Web. 27 April 2026.
<https://catholicsaints.info/new-catholic-dictionary-pope-saint-mark/>
SOURCE : https://catholicsaints.info/new-catholic-dictionary-pope-saint-mark/
Cromolitografia
in L. Tripepi, Ritratti e biografie dei romani pontefici: da S. Pietro a Leone
13, Roma, Vaglimigli Davide, 1879, Municipal
Library of Trento
Pope St. Mark
Feastday: October 7
Death: 336
Pope, successor to St.
Sylvester I , elected January 18, 336. He was the son of Priscus and a priest of
Rome. During his pontificate he erected two basilicas on land donated by
Emperor Constantine I. He died in Rome on
October 7 after only eight months. His cult is now confined to local calendars.
SOURCE : https://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=4703
Marcus, Pope
Marcus, Pope one of the
early bishops of Rome, succeeded Sylvester Jan. 18, 336; but little is known
either of his life or administration. Anastasius states that by him the bishop
of Ostia was first appointed to ordain the bishop of Rome. He died October 7 of
the same year in which he had been chosen and was buried in the cemetery of
Balbina, which was thenceforth called after his name. "His body,"
says Bower, "has since been worshipped in the church of St. Lawrence at
Florence, though no mention has been made by any writer of its having been
translated thither." Novaes relates that Marcus bore the title of cardinal
before his election, and that with him originated this dignitary of the Church
of Rome. He is also by some writers believed to have been the first pontiff to
order the reading of the Nicene confession of faith, after the Gospels, in the
celebration of mass. See Bower, History of the Popes, 1:114;
Shepherd, Hist. of the Church of Rome to Damasus (A.D. 384), p. 77.
SOURCE : https://www.biblicalcyclopedia.com/M/marcus-pope.html
Pope St. Mark
Date of birth
unknown; consecrated 18
Jan., 336; d. 7 Oct., 336. After the death of Pope
Sylvester, Mark was raised to
the Roman episcopal chair as his successor. The "Liber
Pontificalis" says that he was a Roman, and that his father's name
was Priscus. Constantine
the Great's letter, which summoned a conference of bishops for
the investigation of the Donatist dispute,
is directed to Pope
Miltiades and one Mark (Eusebius, Church
History X.5). This Mark was evidently a member of
the Roman clergy,
either priest or
first deacon,
and is perhaps identical with the pope.
The date of Mark's election (18 Jan., 336) is given in
the Liberian Catalogue of popes (Duchesne, "Liber
Pontificalis", I, 9), and is historically certain; so is the day
of his death (7 Oct.), which is specified in the same way in the "Depositio
episcoporum" of Philocalus's "Chronography", the first edition
of which appeared also in 336. Concerning an interposition of the pope in
the Arian troubles,
which were then so actively affecting the Church in
the East, nothing has been handed down. An alleged letter of his to St.
Athanasius is a later forgery.
Two constitutions are attributed to Mark by the author of the "Liber
Pontificalis" (ed. Duchesne, I, 20). According to the one, he
invested the Bishop of Ostia with
the pallium,
and ordained that
this bishop was
to consecrate the Bishop
of Rome. It is certain that,
towards the end of the fourth century, the Bishop of Ostia did
bestow the episcopal consecration upon
the newly-elected pope; Augustine expressly
bears witness to this (Breviarium Collationis, III, 16). It is
indeed possible
that Mark had confirmed this privilege by a constitution,
which does not preclude the fact that the Bishop of Ostia before
this time usually consecrated the
new pope.
As for the bestowal of the pallium,
the account cannot be established from sources of the fourth century, since the
oldest memorials which show this badge, belong to the fifth and sixth
centuries, and the oldest written mention of a pope bestowing
the pallium dates
from the sixth century (cf. Grisar, "Das römische Pallium und die ältesten
liturgischen Schärpen", in "Festschrift des
deutschen Campo Santo in Rom", Freiburg im Br.,
1897, 83-114).
The "Liber
Pontificalis" remarks further of Marcus: "Et
constitutum de omni ecclesia ordinavit"; but we do not know which
constitution this refers to. The building of two basilicas is
attributed to this pope by
the author of the "Liber
Pontificalis". One of these was built within the city in the region
"juxta Pallacinis"; it is the present church of San
Marco, which however received its present external shape by later alterations.
It is mentioned in the fifth century as a Roman title church, so
that its foundation may without difficulty be attributed to St. Mark. The
other was outside the city; it was a cemetery church, which the pope got
built over the Catacomb of Balbina,
between the Via Appia and the Via Ardeatina (cf. de Rossi, "Roma
sotterranea", III, 8-13; "Bullettino di arch. crist.", 1867, 1
sqq.; Wilpert, "Topographische Studien uber die christlichen Monumente der
Appia und der Ardeatina", in "Rom. Quartalschrift", 1901,
32-49). The pope obtained
from Emperor
Constantine gifts of land and liturgical furniture
for both basilicas. Mark was buried in
the Catacomb of Balbina,
where he had built the cemetery church. His grave is expressly
mentioned there by the itineraries of the seventh century (de Rossi,
"Roma sotterranea", I, 180-1). The feast of
the deceased pope was
given on 7 Oct. in the old Roman calendar of feasts, which
was inserted in the "Martyrologium Hieronymianum"; it is still kept
on the same date.
In an ancient manuscript a
laudatory poem is preserved (unfortunately in a mutilated text), which Pope
Damasus had composed on a Saint Marcus (de Rossi,
"Inscriptiones christ. urbis Romae.", II, 108; Ihm,
"Damasi epigrammata", Leipzig, 1895, 17, no. 11). De
Rossi refers this to Pope Mark, but Duchesne (loc. cit., 204), is
unable to accept this view. Since the contents of the poem are of an entirely
general nature, without any particularly characteristic feature from the life of Pope
Mark, the question is not of great importance.
Sources
Liber Pontif., ed.
DUCHESNE, I, 202-4; URBAIN, Ein Martyrologium der christl. Gemeinde zu Rom
am Anfang des V. Jahrh. (Leipzig, 1901), 198; LANGEN, Gesch. der
rom. Kirche, I, 423.
Kirsch, Johann
Peter. "Pope St. Mark." The Catholic
Encyclopedia. Vol. 9. New York: Robert Appleton
Company, 1910. 7 Oct.
2015 <http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09674a.htm>.
Transcription. This
article was transcribed for New Advent by Mark A. Banach. Dedicated to my
wife, Margaret D. Banach; and my children, Andrew and Ashley.
Ecclesiastical
approbation. Nihil Obstat. October 1, 1910. Remy Lafort,
Censor. Imprimatur. +John M. Farley, Archbishop of New York.
Copyright © 2026 by New Advent LLC.
Dedicated to the Immaculate Heart of Mary.
SOURCE : http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09674a.htm
Reliquary of
Pope Mark in the Basilica of San Lorenzo, Florence.
October 7
St. Mark, Pope and
Confessor
See the Pontifical
published by Anastasius ap. Muratori inter Italiarum Rerum Scriptores, t. 3, p.
112; also Baron. ad an. 336; Bosius and Aringhi, l. 2, c. 15.
A.D. 336
ST. MARK was by birth a
Roman, and served God with such fervour among the clergy of that church, that,
advancing continually in sincere humility and the knowledge and sense of his
own weakness and imperfections, he strove every day to surpass himself in the
fervour of his charity and zeal, and in the exercise of all virtues. The persecution
ceased in the West, upon the abdication of Dioclesian and Maximian, in the
beginning of the year 305; but was revived for a short time by Maxentius in
312. St. Mark abated nothing of his watchfulness, but endeavoured rather to
redouble his zeal during the peace of the church; knowing that if men sometimes
cease openly to persecute the faithful, the devil never allows them any truce,
and his snares are generally most to be feared in the time of a calm. The saint
contributed very much to advance the service of God during the pontificate of
St. Sylvester; after whose demise he was himself placed in the apostolic chair
on the 18th of January, 336. He held that dignity only eight months and twenty
days, dying on the 7th of October following. According to the Pontifical
published by Anastasius, he built two churches, one on the Ardeatine Way, where
he was afterwards buried; another within the walls, near the capitol. He was
interred in the Ardeatine Way, in the cemetery of Balbina, a holy martyr buried
there. It was originally called of Prætextatus, probably from some illustrious
person of that name, and was situate without the Ardeatine gate, not far from
the cemetery of Calixtus, on the Appian Way. St. Mark had very much beautified
and adorned this burial-place, out of respect to the martyrs there interred;
and he being buried there, it from that time bore his name. Pope Damasus, in
his epitaph, extols his extraordinary disinterestedness and contempt of all
earthly things, and his remarkable spirit of prayer, by which he drew down on
the people abundant spiritual blessings. His name occurs in the Liberian
Calendar, compiled soon after his death, and in all other Martyrologies of the
Western church. A church bore his name in Rome in the fifth century. His remains
were translated into it by the order of Gregory VII. The pontificals mention
that the church was repaired by Adrian I., Gregory IV., and Paul II. This last
pope built near it a palace which was the summer residence of the popes till
Sixtus V. preferred the Quirinal hill, or Monte Cavallo.
It was by constant
watchfulness over themselves, by assiduous self denial, and humble prayer, that
all the saints triumphed over their spiritual enemies. They never laid down
their arms. A Christian ought to be afraid of no enemy more than himself, whom
he carries always about with him, and whom he is not able to flee from. He
therefore never ceases to cry out to God: Who will preserve me from falling
through myself! Not my own strength. Unless thou, O Lord, art my light and
support, I watch in vain.
Rev. Alban
Butler (1711–73). Volume X: October. The Lives of the
Saints. 1866.
SOURCE : http://www.bartleby.com/210/10/071.html
Mariano d'Agnolo
Romanelli (attr.), Reliquiario
a busto di san Marco papa (1381), bronzo dorato
e smalti; Abbadia San Salvatore, Museo
dell'Abbazia di San Salvatore
Pictorial
Lives of the Saints – Saint Mark, Pope
Saint
Mark was by birth a Roman, and served God with such fervor among the clergy of
that Church, that, advancing continually in sincere humility and the knowledge
and sense of his own weakness and imperfections, he strove every day to surpass
himself in the fervor of his charity and zeal, and in the exercise of all
virtues. The persecution ceased in the West, in the beginning of the year 305;
but was revived a short time after by Maxentius. Saint Mark abated nothing of
his watchfulness, but endeavored rather to redouble his zeal during the peace
of the Church; knowing that if men sometimes cease openly to persecute the
faithful, the devil never allows them any truce, and his snares are generally
most to be feared in the time of the calm. Saint Mark succeeded Saint Sylvester
in the apostolic chair on the 18th of January, 336. He held that dignity only
eight months and twenty days, dying on the 7th of October following. He was
buried in a cemetery in the Ardeatine Way, which has since borne his name.
Reflection – A Christian
ought to be afraid of no enemy more than himself, whom he carries always about
with him, and from whom he is not able to flee. He should therefore never cease
to cry out to God, “Unless thou, O Lord, art my light and support, I watch in
vain.”
SOURCE : https://catholicsaints.info/pictorial-lives-of-the-saints-saint-mark-pope/
Melozzo da Forlì, San Marco papa (1470 ca.),
tela; Roma, Basilica di San
Marco Evangelista al Campidoglio
San Marco I Papa
Festa: 7 ottobre
m. 336
(Papa dal 18/01/336 al 07/10/336)
Romano. Durante il suo pontificato venne redatto il più antico calendario
"civile" della chiesa romana, e per la prima volta appare la nascita
di Cristo al 25 dicembre.
Martirologio
Romano: A Roma, san Marco, papa, che costruì la chiesa del titolo in
Pallacinis e una basilica nel cimitero di Balbina sulla via Ardeatina, dove
egli stesso fu inumato.
San Marco Papa era di Roma e fu pontefice per un periodo molto breve, dal 18 gennaio al 7 ottobre del 336. Prima di diventare Papa, fu vescovo di Roma. Il Liber pontificalis attribuisce a Marco un pontificato più lungo e l’emissione del decreto con cui era riservato al vescovo di Ostia il diritto di consacrare il vescovo di Roma.
San Marco Papa edificò in nome di Marco evangelista la basilica Juxta Pallacinis, identificata con l’attuale chiesa di San Marco. Anni fa infatti sono stati scoperti i resti sotterranei della primitiva basilica, nonché la cripta del IX secolo che ospitò la salma di San Marco Papa.
Secondo alcune fonti fu sotterrato in un primo tempo nel cimitero di Santa Balbina sull’Ardeatina, per poi essere trasportato nella chiesa di San Marco da Papa Gregorio IV (pontefice dall’827 all’844, presbitero proprio della chiesa di San Marco). Così riferisce di Lui il M.R: a Roma, sulla via Ardeatina, la deposizione di San Marco, Papa e Confessore. Secondo altre fonti invece nel 1048 le sue reliquie furono portate dal Cimitero di Balbina a Velletri e nel 1145, dopo varie traversie, traslate dal Castello di Giuliano a S. Marco Evangelista in Campidoglio.
Il Santo pontefice riposa nell’arca granitica posta sotto l’altare maggiore, che fu consacrato il 22 aprile 1737 dal cardinale Guadagni il quale per la cerimonia adoperò reliquie non insigni dei martiri Urbano e Valentino. Nel 1948 è stata ritrovata la pergamena della ricognizione delle reliquie effettuata dal cardinale Marco Bembo.
La basilica conserva un vero tesoro di reliquiari, ne ricordiamo tre, anche se
custodiscono resti non insigni. Il primo contiene una parte del braccio di S.
Patrizio e fu offerto dal cardinale titolare Domenico Bartolini (1876-1887). Il
secondo, con un dito del Beato Gregoriano Barbarigo, venne donato alla basilica
da Clemente XIII nel giugno del 1767; del beato sono conservati altri resti non
insigni nel Tesoro del Laterano. Il terzo, contenente una reliquia di S. Marco
Evangelista, fu donato nel 1862 dal cardinale titolare Pietro De Silvestri.
SOURCE : https://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/90939
Tomba
di papa Marco nella basilica di San Marco
Evangelista al Campidoglio
MARCO, santo
di Giovanni Maria
Vian
Enciclopedia dei Papi
(2000)
Secondo il Liber
pontificalis (cfr. Le Liber pontificalis, I, pp. 202-04) era romano, figlio di
un Prisco, e fu il successore di Silvestro.
Nessun dato sicuro si conosce prima del pontificato e incerta rimane la sua
identificazione con l'omonimo personaggio destinatario, insieme a papa Milziade,
di una lettera di Costantino riprodotta in greco da Eusebio (Historia
ecclesiastica X, 5, 18) e conservata anche in latino; se si trattasse comunque
del futuro papa, è evidente che già allora questi avrebbe ricoperto un ruolo di
primo piano nella gerarchia ecclesiastica romana. Il suo pontificato durò solo
otto mesi, dal 18 gennaio al 7 ottobre 336, come risulta dal Catalogo Liberiano
(la lista dei papi fino a Liberio contenuta nel Cronografo del 354 e utilizzata
dal Liber pontificalis) ed è confermato dal Chronicon di Girolamo;
inattendibili sono invece le informazioni cronologiche del Liber pontificalis
(che tra l'altro indica per il suo pontificato una durata di due anni, otto
mesi e venti giorni e due ordinazioni annuali, di venticinque presbiteri, sei
diaconi e ventisette vescovi; tenute nel mese di dicembre, queste ordinazioni
annuali non poterono invece essere effettuate da M. nemmeno una volta).
Il Liber pontificalis
attribuisce anacronisticamente a papa M. l'uso di concedere il pallio, insegna
liturgica costituita da una fascia di lana bianca riservata al vescovo di Roma
e da questi concessa ad altri arcivescovi metropoliti almeno dagli inizi del VI
secolo. Nella notizia del Liber pontificalis la concessione appare rivolta al
vescovo di Ostia insieme alla prerogativa di consacrare il vescovo di Roma,
consuetudine attestata già agli inizi del V secolo. Il testo attribuisce poi a
M. un provvedimento per tutta la Chiesa non meglio specificato e altrimenti
ignoto. Nessuna traccia di interventi di M., forse anche per la brevità del suo
pontificato, si riscontra peraltro nella documentazione relativa a questo
periodo, denso di avvenimenti per quanto riguarda la storia ecclesiastica e
contrassegnato soprattutto dalla reazione della parte ariana condannata nel 325
dal concilio di Nicea: è infatti una falsificazione medievale una lettera
attribuita a M. e indirizzata ad Atanasio di Alessandria (campione della fede
nicena proprio allora costretto al suo primo esilio dalla riscossa
anti-nicena), indicata nei Regesta Pontificum Romanorum (a cura di Ph. Jaffé-G.
Wattenbach-S. Loewenfeld-F. Kaltenbrunner-P. Ewald, I, Lipsiae 1885, p. 30) e
riconosciuta come un falso già nel Seicento.
La notizia del Liber
pontificalis afferma poi che M. fece costruire due basiliche, una sulla via
Ardeatina e l'altra "iuxta Pallacinis", nel cuore di Roma, e di
queste indica dettagliatamente le rendite, provenienti da fondi nei dintorni
della città (per la basilica della via Ardeatina l'assegnazione è attribuita a
Costantino), e per la basilica "iuxta Pallacinis" anche la dotazione
di suppellettili liturgiche, minutamente descritte. Della basilica sulla via
Ardeatina il testo specifica che si trattava di una basilica eretta presso una
zona cimiteriale, denominata di Balbina e predisposta dallo stesso M., e che
qui papa M. venne sepolto, come conferma la Depositio episcoporum, il 7 ottobre
(data poi passata nei più antichi sacramentari romani, il Gelasiano e il
Gregoriano, mentre il Liber pontificalis indica il giorno successivo e il
Martyrologium Hieronymianum il 4 ottobre). Gli scavi, condotti tra il 1993 e il
1996 nel comprensorio della catacomba di S. Callisto, a circa 600 m dal bivio
del "Quo Vadis?", hanno riportato alla luce parte del settore
terminale di una basilica a forma di circo, che, sulla base dei risultati delle
indagini archeologiche, può essere assegnata al periodo che intercorre tra gli
anni Trenta e Cinquanta del IV secolo. L'ipotesi di identificazione di questa
basilica con quella fatta costruire da M. si basa inoltre sulla considerazione
che il contributo finanziario di Costantino si riscontra anche nelle fondazioni
delle altre basiliche a forma di circo (la basilica Apostolorum sulla via
Appia, la chiesa dei SS. Pietro e Marcellino sulla via Labicana, S. Lorenzo
sulla Tiburtina e S. Agnese sulla via Nomentana) e sulla corrispondenza tra
l'espressione usata nel Liber pontificalis "quam coemeterium
constituit" e il carattere funerario dell'edificio.
La basilica "iuxta
Pallacinis", rovinata da un incendio nel V secolo, fu ricostruita nel IX
secolo da Gregorio IV e qui nel XII secolo vennero traslate le reliquie di papa
M., che più tardi si ritennero conservate anche altrove (cfr. Acta Sanctorum
[...], Octobris, III, pp. 891-94). Inclusa dal cardinale Pietro Barbo, il
futuro Paolo
II, nell'attuale palazzo Venezia, la basilica fu poi trasformata nel
Seicento e nel Settecento. Secondo quanto risulta dagli scavi la basilica fu
realizzata riutilizzando delle strutture murarie preesistenti, che costituivano
l'unica navata, alle quali furono aggiunte solo un'abside e delle murature di
raccordo (non si conosce allo stato attuale la facciata).
Secondo L. Duchesne (cfr.
Le Liber pontificalis, I, pp. VI-X, LXXIII), proprio al tempo di papa M.
risalirebbe la composizione della Depositio episcoporum e della Depositio
martyrum, elenchi compilati a uso liturgico e confluiti nel Cronografo del 354:
generalmente esatti, costituiscono una fonte importantissima e quasi sempre affidabile
per la storia della Chiesa romana. La memoria liturgica di papa M., celebrata
il 4 ottobre, dal 1971 è stata spostata al 7 ottobre.
fonti e bibliografia
Le Liber pontificalis, a
cura di L. Duchesne, I-II, Paris 1886-92: I, pp. 8-9, 80-1, 202-04; II, pp.
XLVII (su un immaginario papa M. che, secondo un manoscritto medievale del
Liber pontificalis, sarebbe succeduto a Felice
I), 77; III, a cura di C. Vogel, ivi 1957, p. 81.
Eusebio di Cesarea, Historia
ecclesiastica X, 5, 18, a cura di E. Schwartz, Leipzig 1908 (Die Griechischen
Christlichen Schriftsteller. Eusebius Werke, II, 2), pp. 887-88; per il testo
latino della lettera di Costantino cfr. O. Seeck, Quellen und
Urkunden über die Anfänge des Donatismus, "Zeitschrift für
Kirchengeschichte", 10, 1889, pp. 506-68.
Sugli aspetti
agiografici:
Propylaeum ad Acta
Sanctorum Maii, Antverpiae 1742, p. 138.
Acta Sanctorum [...],
Octobris, III, ivi 1770, pp. 886-903.
Bibliotheca Hagiographica
Latina [...], I, Bruxellis 1898-99, pp. 785-86.
H. Delehaye, Commentarius
perpetuus in Martyrologium Hieronymianum [...], in Acta Sanctorum
Novembris [...], II, pars posterior, ivi 1931, pp. 540-44.
Martyrologium
Romanum [...] scholiis historicis instructum, in Propylaeum ad
Acta Sanctorum Decembris, ivi 1940, p. 439.
Bibliotheca Hagiographica
Latina [...], Novum Supplementum, a cura di H. Fros, ivi 1986, pp.
573-74.
Sugli aspetti
archeologici e artistici:
A. Ferrua, La
basilica di papa Marco, "La Civiltà Cattolica", 99, 1948, III, pp.
503-13.
M. Cecchelli, S.
Marco a piazza Venezia: una basilica romana del periodo costantiniano, in Costantino
il Grande dall'antichità all'umanesimo. Colloquio sul Cristianesimo nel mondo
antico. Macerata 18-20 Dicembre 1990, I, a cura di G. Bonamente-F. Fusco,
Macerata 1992 (Atti, 21), pp. 299-310.
La casula di S. Marco
papa. Sciamiti orientali alla corte carolingia, a cura di L. Dolcini, Firenze
1992.
M. Cecchelli, La
basilica di S. Marco a Piazza Venezia (Roma). Nuove scoperte e indagini,
in Akten des XII. internationalen Kongresses für christliche Archäologie.
Bonn 22.-28. September 1991, a cura di E. Dassmann-J. Engemann, Città del Vaticano-Münster
1995, pp. 640-44.
V. Fiocchi Nicolai, Una
nuova basilica a deambulatorio nel comprensorio della catacomba di S. Callisto
a Roma, ibid., pp. 776-86.
Id., La nuova
basilica paleocristiana "circiforme" della via Ardeatina, in Via
Appia. Sulle ruine della magnificenza antica, catalogo della mostra - Roma 1997,
Milano 1997, pp. 78-83.
Tra gli altri studi si
ricordano:
A Dictionary of Christian
Biography, III, London 1882, s.v., p. 825.
C.H. Turner, The
Papal Chronology of the Third Century, "The Journal of Theological
Studies", 17, 1916, p. 339.
G.D. Gordini, Marco,
in B.S., VIII, coll. 699-700.
Catholicisme, VIII, Paris
1979, s.v., col. 391.
J.N.D. Kelly, The
Oxford Dictionary of Popes, Oxford-New York 1986, s.v., pp. 28-9.
Biographisch-bibliographisches
Kirchenlexikon, V, Herzberg 1993, s.v., coll. 781-82.
© Istituto della
Enciclopedia Italiana fondata da Giovanni Treccani - Riproduzione riservata
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