_%E2%80%93_Sistine_Chapel_(1481).jpg)
Sandro Botticelli, Sant'Evaristo papa, 1481 - 1482,
affresco; Città del Vaticano, Cappella
Sistina
Sandro Botticelli (1445–1510), Pope Evaristus
I, 1481, Sistine Chapel, Vatican
City, Rome
Evaristus I in art ; Sistine
Chapel - portraits of popes by Botticelli
Sandro Boticelli, Evaristus, 1481, Fresko in der Sixtinischen Kapelle in Rom
Sandro Botticelli, Sant'Evaristo papa, 1481 - 1482,
affresco; Città del Vaticano, Cappella
Sistina
Sandro Botticelli (1445–1510), Pope Evaristus
I, 1481, Sistine Chapel, Vatican
City, Rome
Evaristus I in art ; Sistine
Chapel - portraits of popes by Botticelli
Sandro Boticelli, Evaristus, 1481, Fresko in der Sixtinischen Kapelle in Rom
Saint Evariste
Pape (5 ème) de 97 à 105
et martyr (+ 108)
Pape et martyr sous le
règne de l'empereur Trajan. Juif originaire de Bethléem, il devint chrétien. Il
organisa les paroisses de Rome et le service diaconal dans la ville de Rome. Il
vivait à l'époque où saint
Ignace d'Antioche vint à Rome consommer son martyre.
À Rome, en 108, saint
Évariste, pape, qui dirigea l’Église romaine, le quatrième après saint Pierre,
sous l’empereur Trajan.
Martyrologe romain
SOURCE : http://nominis.cef.fr/contenus/saint/2081/Saint-Evariste.html
Saint Évariste
Pape et martyr
(† 108)
Grec de naissance, saint
Evariste était cependant d'origine juive. On ignore à quelle époque il embrassa
la foi et comment il vint à Rome, mais on sait qu'étant devenu prêtre, il
édifia grandement les fidèles par ses exemples, sa charité et ses instructions.
Après le martyre du saint pape Anaclet, alors que la seconde persécution
générale sévissait avec la plus grande fureur, saint Evariste fut élu pape
d'une voix unanime.
Ce véritable Père de la
chrétienté mit tous ses soins à pourvoir aux besoins de l'Église dans un temps
où elle était persécutée par les païens et déchirée par les hérétiques des
diverses sectes de Gnostiques qui infestaient alors le christianisme. Le
souverain pontife veilla si bien à la garde de son troupeau que les fidèles de
Rome conservèrent toujours la pureté de la foi et que le poison de l'hérésie ne
put jamais gagner ni le coeur ni l'esprit des chrétiens romains. Évariste ne se
reposait pas uniquement sur les prêtres de Rome pour distribuer la parole de
Dieu, mais il prêchait souvent lui-même et visitait les différentes paroisses
de la ville avec un zèle infatigable.
La persécution de Trajan,
regardée comme la troisième dans l'histoire de l'Église, commença sous le
pontificat du saint pape Evariste. Cet empereur impie éprouvait une aversion
mortelle pour les chrétiens qu'il persécuta pendant les neuf dernières années
de son règne. Pour venir plus facilement à bout du troupeau, ce tyran s'attaqua
au pasteur suprême. Saisi et jeté en prison, saint Evariste fit éclater si
fortement sa joie de souffrir pour Jésus-Christ que les magistrats en étaient
interdits et stupéfaits. Cet admirable souverain pontife endura le martyre en
même temps que l'illustre évêque d'Antioche, saint Ignace. L'héroïque et
glorieuse confession de ces deux grands Saints, unit les Églises d'Orient et
d'Occident dans une même profession de foi. Le corps de saint Evariste est
enterré au Vatican, près du tombeau de saint Pierre.
Résumé O.D.M.
SOURCE : http://magnificat.ca/cal/fr/saints/saint_evariste.html
Saint Évariste (97-105)
Il naquit en Palestine et
reçut son éducation en Grèce et à Antioche.
Vu le développement des
communautés chrétiennes, il créa les paroisses.
Martyrisé en 105.
SOURCE : http://eglise.de.dieu.free.fr/liste_des_papes_01.htm
Saint Evariste, pape et
martyr
Pape de 97 à 105. Le
Liber Pontificalis indique sa déposition au 27 octobre comme Martyr. Fête au
XIIème siècle.
Leçon des Matines (avant
1960)
Troisième leçon. Évariste, Orée d’origine et fils d’un Juif, gouverna l’Église, lorsque Trajan était empereur. Il répartit entre les Prêtres les titres des églises de la ville de Rome, et régla que sept Diacres assisteraient l’Évêque, pendant qu’il remplirait le ministère de la prédication de l’Évangile. Il décréta encore, d’après la tradition apostolique, que tout mariage serait publiquement célébré et qu’on y joindrait la bénédiction du Prêtre. Évariste gouverna l’Église neuf ans et trois mois ; il ordonna, en quatre ordinations faites au mois de décembre, dix-sept Prêtres et deux Diacres et sacra quinze Évêques. Il reçut la couronne du martyre et fut enseveli au Vatican, près du tombeau du prince des Apôtres, le septième jour des calendes de novembre.
SOURCE : http://www.introibo.fr/26-10-St-Evariste-pape-et-martyr
SAINT EVARISTE, PAPE ET
MARTYR.
Tandis que Jean le
bien-aimé voyait enfin venir à lui le Seigneur et quittait pour le ciel son
séjour d'Ephèse, Rome, sous Evariste, achevait d'arrêter les dispositions du
long pèlerinage qui ne se terminera pour elle qu'au dernier des jours. La
période bénie des temps apostoliques est définitivement close ; mais la Ville
éternelle accroît sans fin son trésor de gloire. Le pontificat nouveau voit la
vierge Domitille cimenter dans le sang des Flavii, par son martyre, les
fondations de cette Jérusalem qui remplace la première, détruite par les siens.
Puis c'est Ignace d'Antioche, apportant « à l'Eglise qui préside dans la
charité (Ignat. Epist. ad Romanos)» le témoignage suprême ; froment du Christ,
la dent des fauves du Colisée donne satisfaction à son désir et fait de lui un
pain vraiment pur (Ibid.).
Evariste, né en Grèce
d'un père juif, fut Souverain Pontife au temps de l'empereur Trajan. Ce fut lui
qui divisa entre les prêtres romains les titres des églises de la ville, et
ordonna que les sept diacres assisteraient l'évêque quand il prêcherait.
Conformément à la
tradition apostolique, il ordonna en outre que le mariage se célébrât
publiquement et fût béni par le prêtre. Il gouverna l'Eglise neuf ans et trois
mois ; en quatre Ordinations au mois de décembre, il ordonna dix-sept prêtres,
deux diacres, quinze évêques. Couronné du martyre, on l'ensevelit près du
Prince des Apôtres, au Vatican, le sept des calendes de novembre.
Vous êtes le premier des
Pontifes à qui l'Eglise se trouva confiée, quand disparurent les derniers de
ceux qui avaient vu le Seigneur. Le monde maintenant pouvait dire, sans aucune
restriction : Si nous avons connu le Christ selon la chair, nous ne le
connaissons plus désormais de cette sorte (II Cor. V, 16). L'exil devenait plus
absolu pour l'Epouse ; et à cette heure, qui n'était pas sans périls ni
angoisses, c'était vous que l'Epoux daignait charger de lui apprendre à
poursuivre seule sa route de foi, d'espérance et d'amour. Vous sûtes justifier
l'attente de l'Homme-Dieu. Reconnaissance spéciale vous est due de ce chef par
la terre, ô Evariste, comme spéciale sans doute est aussi votre récompense.
Veillez toujours sur Rome et sur l'Eglise. Enseignez-nous qu'il faut savoir
jeûner ici-bas, se résigner à l'absence de l'Epoux (Matth. IX, 15) quand il se
dérobe, et ne l'en servir pas moins, et ne l'en aimer pas moins de tout notre
cœur, de toute notre âme, de toutes nos forces, de tout notre esprit (Luc, X,
27), tant que dure ce monde et qu'il lui plaît de nous y laisser.
Dom Guéranger. L'Année liturgique
SOURCE : http://www.abbaye-saint-benoit.ch/gueranger/anneliturgique/pentecote/pentecote05/058.htm
Saint Évariste, Pape et
martyr.
Le successeur de Saint
Anaclet sur le trône de Saint Pierre (83 - 96) fut élu pendant que la seconde
persécution générale sévissait avec le plus de fureur.
Évariste, né en Grèce, d'un père Juif nommé Juda, de la cité de Bethléem,
siégea treize ans, six mois et deux jours, sous les règnes de Domitien, de
Nerva et de Trajan, depuis le consulat de Valens et Veter (96), jusqu'à celui
de Gallus et Bradua (108).
Ce pontife partagea entre les Prêtres les titres de la ville de Rome. Il
établit par une constitution sept diacres qui devaient assister l'Évêque et lui
servir de témoins authentiques. En trois Ordinations célébrées au mois de
décembre, il promut six Prêtres, deux diacres et cinq Évêques destinés à
diverses Églises.
Ce fut aussi Saint
Evariste qui interdit, sauf cas très exceptionnel, qu'un autel - a fortiori un
maître-autel - fût fait de bois.
Saint Évariste reçut la couronne du martyre. Il fut enseveli près du corps du
bienheureux Pierre, au Vatican, le 6 des calendes de novembre (25 octobre 108).
Le siège épiscopal demeura vacant dix-neuf jours.
Une épée et une crèche, tels sont les attributs de Saint Évariste dans l'art
populaire.
L'épée parce qu'il fut
décapité, la crèche parce que, son père étant Juif de Bethléem, on a imaginé -
et peut-être était-ce vrai - qu'il était né près de l'endroit où était né Notre
Seigneur Jésus-Christ.
Saint Évariste
Grec de naissance, St Évariste était cependant d'origine juive. On ignore à quelle époque il embrassa la foi et comment il vint à Rome, mais on sait qu'étant devenu prêtre, il édifia grandement les fidèles par ses exemples, sa charité et ses instructions. Après le martyre du St pape Anaclet, alors que la seconde persécution générale sévissait avec la plus grande fureur, St Evariste fut élu pape d'une voix unanime. Ce véritable Père de la chrétienté mit tous ses soins à pourvoir aux besoins de l'Église dans un temps où elle était persécutée par les païens et déchirée par les hérétiques. Il veilla si bien à la garde de son troupeau que les fidèles de Rome conservèrent toujours la pureté de la foi et que le poison de l'hérésie ne put jamais gagner ni le coeur ni l'esprit des chrétiens romains. Évariste ne se reposait pas uniquement sur les prêtres de Rome pour distribuer la parole de Dieu, mais il prêchait souvent lui-même et visitait les différentes paroisses de la ville avec un zèle infatigable. La persécution de Trajan, la troisième dans l'histoire de l'Église, commença sous son pontificat. Saisi et jeté en prison, St Evariste fit éclater si fortement sa joie de souffrir pour Jésus-Christ que les magistrats en étaient interdits et stupéfaits. Il endura le martyre en même temps que l'illustre évêque d'Antioche, St Ignace. L'héroïque et glorieuse confession de ces deux grands Saints, unit les Églises d'Orient et d'Occident dans une même profession de foi.
SOURCE : http://www.religion-orthodoxe.com/article-saint-evariste-pape-de-rome-108-87341089.html
Giovanni Battista de'Cavalieri (1525–1601),
Calcografia in Giovanni Battista Cavalieri, Pontificum Romanorum effigies,
Roma, Basa Domenico\Zanetti Francesco, 1580, Municipal
Library of Trento
Also
known as
Aristo
Aristus
Evarisus
Ewaryst
Profile
Son of an Hellenic Jew
from Bethlehem.
Fifth pope,
reigning for eight years, and about whom almost nothing is known. Traditionally
considered a martyr,
but there is no documentation of the event.
Papal Ascension
c.99
c.107
buried in
the Vatican near Saint Peter
the Apostle
Additional
Information
Book
of Saints, by the Monks of
Ramsgate
Lives
and Times of the Popes, by Alexis-François Artaud de Montor
Lives
of the Saints, by Father Alban
Butler
Saints
of the Day, by Katherine Rabenstein
Short
Lives of the Saints, by Eleanor Cecilia Donnelly
books
Our Sunday Visitor’s Encyclopedia of Saints
other
sites in english
Little
Pictorial Lives of the Saints
images
video
sitios
en español
Martirologio Romano, 2001 edición
fonti
in italiano
notitia
in latin
strony
w jezyku polskim
MLA
Citation
“Pope Saint
Evaristus“. CatholicSaints.Info. 17 September 2023. Web. 29 October 2025.
<https://catholicsaints.info/pope-saint-evaristus/>
SOURCE : https://catholicsaints.info/pope-saint-evaristus/
Article
EVARISTUS (Saint) Pope,
Martyr (October 26) (2nd century) The successor of Saint Anacletus, or possibly
of Saint Clement in the Chair of Saint Peter. There is much dispute as to the
precise date of his nine years’ Pontificate. Some put it A.D. 96 to A.D. 108;
others A.D. 103 to A.D. 112; others again, A.D. 112 to A.D. 121. He appears to
have been a Greek of Antioch, and on the side of his father, of Jewish descent.
He divided the City of Rome into parishes and appointed seven deacons to attend
the Pope, thus originating the College of Cardinals. He is honoured
liturgically as a Martyr.
MLA
Citation
Monks of Ramsgate.
“Evaristus”. Book of Saints, 1921. CatholicSaints.Info.
11 August 2018. Web. 29 October 2025.
<https://catholicsaints.info/book-of-saints-evaristus/>
SOURCE : https://catholicsaints.info/book-of-saints-evaristus/
St. Evaristus
Feastday: October 26
Death: 107
St. Evaristus succeeded
St. Clement in the See of Rome in
the reign of Trajan and
governed the Church about eight years, being the fourth successor of St. Peter.
The Liber
Pontificalis says that he was the son of a Hellenic Jew of Bethlehem,
and, certainly incorrectly, that he divided Rome into
several "titles" or Parishes, assigning a priest to
each, and appointed seven deacons for
the city. He is usually accorded the title of martyr, but his martyrdom is not
proved; it is probable that St. Evaristus was
buried near ST. Peter's tomb in
the Vatican. His feast
day is October 26th.
SOURCE : https://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=633
New
Catholic Dictionary – Pope Saint Evaristus
Article
Reigned from 99 to 107. Died in
Rome, Italy.
He was the son of a Hellenist Jew of Bethlehem. Little is known of his reign;
his martyrdom is
traditional. Feast,
Roman Calendar, 26
October.
MLA
Citation
“Pope Saint
Evaristus”. New Catholic Dictionary. CatholicSaints.Info.
11 August 2018. Web. 29 October 2025. <https://catholicsaints.info/new-catholic-dictionary-pope-saint-evaristus/>
SOURCE : https://catholicsaints.info/new-catholic-dictionary-pope-saint-evaristus/
Saint Evaristus
Pope and martyr
(† 108)
Saint Evaristus succeeded
Saint Anacletus on the throne of Saint Peter, elected during the second general
persecution, under the reign of Domitian. That emperor no doubt did not know
that the Christian pontificate was being perpetuated in the shadows of the
catacombs. The text of the Liber Pontificalis, says of the new pope:
Evaristus, born in Greece
of a Jewish father named Juda, originally from the city of Bethlehem, reigned
for thirteen years, six months and two days, under the reigns of Domitian,
Nerva and Trajan, from the Consulate of Valens and Veter (96) until that of
Gallus and Bradua (108). This pontiff divided among the priests the titles of
the city of Rome. By a constitution he established seven deacons who were to
assist the bishop and serve as authentic witnesses for him. During the three
ordinations which he conducted in the month of December, he promoted six
priests, two deacons and five bishops, destined for various churches. Evaristus
received the crown of martyrdom. He was buried near the body of Blessed Peter
in the Vatican, on the sixth day of the Calends of November (October 25, 108).
The episcopal throne remained vacant for nineteen days.
The Bollandists explain
two passages of this text as follows: Saint Anacletus had ordained twenty-five
priests for the city of Rome; Saint Evaristus completed this institution by
settling the boundaries of each of these titles, and filling the vacancies which
probably occurred during the persecution of Diocletian. As for the decree by
which he ordains that seven deacons make up the cortege of the bishop, we find
in the first epistle of Saint Anacletus a text which helps us to grasp and
better perceive the discipline of the early Church. There existed amid the
diverse elements which composed it in its first years, proud minds, envious
souls, ambitious hearts which could not bear the yoke of obedience, and who by
their revolts and incessant detraction fatigued the patience of the Apostles.
The deacons were to be the Pope's guards against their ill-intentioned
projects.
It was at the same time
as Saint Ignatius, the illustrious bishop of Antioch, that Pope Saint Evaristus
gave his life by martyrdom. The acts of his martyrdom are lost, but we perceive
that the same faith, heroism and devotion united the churches of the East and
of the West. He is often represented with a sword because he was decapitated,
or with a crib, because it is believed that he was born in Bethlehem, from
which his father migrated.
Reflection: The
disciples of the apostles, by assiduous meditation on heavenly things, were so
rapt by foreshadowings of the life to come, that they seemed no longer to
inhabit this world. If Christians esteem and set their hearts on earthly goods
and lose sight of eternity, they are no longer animated by the spirit of the
primitive Saints and have become children of this world, slaves to its vanities
and to their own irregular passions. If we do not correct this disorder of our
heart and conform our interior life, with its decisions and propensities, to
the spirit of Christ, we cannot be heirs to His promises.
Les Petits Bollandistes:
Vies des Saints, by Msgr. Paul Guérin (Bloud et Barral: Paris, 1882), Vol.
12; Little Pictorial Lives of the Saints, a compilation based
on Butler's Lives of the Saints and other sources by John
Gilmary Shea (Benziger Brothers: New York, 1894).
SOURCE : https://sanctoral.com/en/saints/saint_evaristus.html
Pope St. Evaristus
Date of birth unknown;
died about 107. In the Liberian Catalogue his name is given as
Aristus. In papal catalogues
of the second century used by Irenaeus and Hippolytus,
he appears as the fourth successor
of St. Peter, immediately after St Clement. The same lists allow
him eight years of reign, covering the end of the first and the beginning of
the second century (from about 98 or 99 to about 106 or 107). The
earliest historicalsources offer no authentic data
about him. In his "Ecclesiastical History" Eusebius says
merely that he succeededClement in the episcopate of the Roman
Church which fact was already known from St. Irenæus. This order
ofsuccession is undoubtedly correct. The "Liber
Pontificalis" says that Evaristus came of a Hellenic family,
and was the son of a Bethlehem Jew.
It also attributes to him the allotment of
definite churches as tituli to the Roman presbyters,
and the division of the city into seven diaconias or deaconries;
in this statement, however, the "Liber
Pontificalis" arbitrarily refers to the time of Evaristus a
later institution of the Roman
Church. More trustworthy is the assertion of the "Liber
Pontificalis" that he was laid to rest in Vaticano, near
the tomb of St.
Peter. The martyrdom of Evaristus,
though traditional, is not historically proven. His feast occurs
26 Oct. The two decretal sascribed
to him by Pseudo-Isidore are forged.
Kirsch, Johann Peter. "Pope St. Evaristus." The Catholic
Encyclopedia. Vol. 5. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1909.26
Oct. 2015 <http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05646a.htm>.
Transcription. This
article was transcribed for New Advent by Gerard Haffner.
Ecclesiastical
approbation. Nihil Obstat. May 1, 1909. Remy Lafort, Censor. Imprimatur. +John
M. Farley, Archbishop of New York.
Copyright © 2020 by Kevin
Knight. Dedicated to the Immaculate Heart of Mary.
SOURCE : http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05646a.htm
Evaristus, Pope M (RM)
Born in Bethlehem,
Palestine; died c. 105-107. Evaristus was born like his Savior in Bethlehem. A
Hellenic Jew, he was converted to Christianity and eventually reached Rome.
There he accepted the dangerous office of pope, after the death of the fourth
pope, Saint Clement, between the years 96- 100.
Evaristus contributed to
the growing organization of the Church. He is credited with the establishment
of cardinal priests. He divided Rome into seven parishes, then appointed seven
deacons to serve the city, just as the early apostles did to serve the poor of
Jerusalem.
Evaristus conferred holy
orders three times in December, when ordinations traditionally took place for
moral and mystical reasons (according to Amalarius). Others say that
ordinations took place during Advent because the bishops had more free time
give proper attention to this important function, and because holy orders were
always conferred during the seasons of fasting and prayer.
There is no direct
evidence that Evaristus died a martyr's death, though most martyrologies list
him as such. It is not unbelievable, however, because virtually any prominent
Christian in the early centuries of the Church was likely to be brutally put to
death because of his beliefs (Benedictines, Bentley, Delaney, Encyclopedia,
Husenbeth).
SOURCE : http://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/1026.shtml
St. Evaristus, Pope and
Martyr
See Eus. Hist. l. 3, c.
34; l. 4, c. 1. The first part of Anastasius’s Pontifical, ascribed to Damasus;
Tillemont, t. 2, p. 231. Berti, Diss. Chronol. t. 2, &c.
A.D. 112
ST. EVARISTUS succeeded
St. Anacletus in the see of Rome, in the reign of Trajan, governed the church
nine years, and died in 112. He is honoured with the title of martyr in the
Pontificals and in most Martyrologies. The institution of cardinal priests is
by some ascribed to him, because he first divided Rome into several titles or
parishes, according to the Pontifical, assigning a priest to each: he also
appointed seven deacons to attend the bishop. He conferred holy orders thrice
in the month of December, when that ceremony was most usually performed, for
which Amalarius assigns moral and mystical reasons; Mabillon and Claude de Vert 1 give
this, that at Lent and Whitsuntide the bishops were more taken up, but were
more at liberty in Advent to give due attention to this important function; for
holy orders were always conferred in seasons appointed for fasting and prayer.
St. Evaristus was buried near St. Peter’s tomb, on the Vatican.
The disciples of the
apostles, by assiduous meditation on heavenly things, were so swallowed up in
the life to come, that they seemed no longer inhabitants of this world, but of
heaven, where their thoughts and affections were placed, and whither they
directed all their actions, even their necessary attention to temporal
concerns. If the generality of Christians now-a-days esteem and set their
hearts so much on earthly goods, and so easily lose sight of eternity in the course
of their actions, they are no longer animated by the spirit of the primitive
saints, and are become children of this world, slaves to its vanities, and to
their own irregular passions. If we do not correct this disorder of our hearts,
and conform our interior to the spirit of Christ, we cannot be entitled to his
promises.
Note 1. Explic. des
Cérém. Pref. p. 28. [back]
Rev. Alban
Butler (1711–73). Volume X: October. The Lives of the
Saints. 1866.
SOURCE : http://www.bartleby.com/210/10/261.html
Pope St. Evaristus
St. Evaristus was the son
of a Greek Jew, originally from Bethlehem, and was the sixth Pope of the
Catholic Church. He is traditionally considered a martyr, but there is no
documentation of the event. He is buried in the Vatican, near Saint
Peter.
Saint Evaristus succeeded
Saint Anacletus as pope. The text of the Liber Pontificalis, says of him:
“Evaristus, born in
Greece of a Jewish father named Juda, originally from the city of Bethlehem,
reigned for thirteen years, six months and two days, under the reigns of
Domitian, Nerva and Trajan, from the Consulate of Valens and Veter (96) until
that of Gallus and Bradua (108). This pontiff divided among the priests the
titles of the city of Rome. By a constitution he established seven deacons who
were to assist the bishop and serve as authentic witnesses for him. During the
three ordinations which he conducted in the month of December, he promoted six
priests, two deacons and five bishops, destined for various churches. Evaristus
received the crown of martyrdom. He was buried near the body of Blessed Peter
in the Vatican, on the sixth day of the Calends of November (October 25, 108).
The episcopal throne remained vacant for nineteen days.”
Pope Saint Evaristus is
assumed to have given his life by martyrdom at the same time as St. Ignatius of
Antioch. He is often represented with a sword because he was decapitated, or
with a crib, because it is believed that he was born in Bethlehem, from which
his father emigrated.
SOURCE : https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/saint/st-evaristus-pope-33
This
illustration is from The Lives and Times of the Popes by Chevalier
Artaud de Montor, New York: The Catholic Publication Society of America, 1911.
It was originally published in 1842.
The
Lives and Times of the Popes – Saint Evaristus – A.D. 100
Article
Saint Evaristus was born
at Bethlehem, in Palestine. He was created pontiff in the year 100 of the
Christian era. It has not been said of him that he prided himself on his
birthplace; and even if he had done so, few Christians would blame him for it.
Leaving Bethlehem at a very early age, he went to Rome to study, and distinguished
himself there by both his piety and his erudition. When he became sovereign
pontiff, he ordered, according to the apostolical tradition, that marriages
should be celebrated publicly and with the priestly benediction, and that no
bishop should preach without the assistance of seven deacons. Chacon says that
this order was given to prevent their rivals from imputing error to them; but
Bianchini, in his notes ad Anastasium, supposes that the object of it was that
those deacons should feel the truth in the ministry of preaching. Evaristus
distributed to the priests the titles, that is to say, the churches of Rome,
whence some authors have inferred that this pontiff instituted
cardinal-priests. To the rite of the consecration of churches, passed from the
Old to the New Testament, Evaristus added some ceremonies. In three or four
ordinations he created five bishops, six, or according to some authors
seventeen, priests, and two deacons. He governed the Church nine years and
three months, was martyred A.D. 109, and buried in the Vatican.
The two decretals
attributed to Evaristus, one of which was addressed to the bishops of Africa,
and the other to all the faithful in Egypt, are now considered to be
apocryphal.
Under his pontificate the
Church was attacked from without by the persecution of Trajan, and torn within
by divers heresies. But one of the consolations of this pontiff was the courage
of Saint Ignatius, a disciple of Saint Peter and of Saint John. Evaristus had
maintained his correspondence with Palestine and Syria. He knew that Saint
Ignatius, surnamed Theophous, or God-bearer, had been ordained Bishop of
Antioch in the year 68, after Saint Evodius, the immediate successor to Saint
Peter. Ignatius governed that see with the zeal that was to be expected from a
pupil and an imitator of the apostles. Nothing could exceed the ardor of his
charity, the vivacity of his faith, and the depth of his humility. All those
virtues appeared in great brilliancy in the third persecution to which
Christianity was subjected, under the reign of Trajan. Ignatius appeared before
the emperor, and spoke with all the earnestness of a Christian, and received
from that prince’s own lips* the sentence of a barbarous death; yet Trajan is
constantly held up to our view as a model of justice and humanity. Sent from
Antioch to Rome, there to be thrown to the wild beasts, Ignatius saw Saint
Polycarp at Smyrna, visited many churches, and wrote to those that he could not
go to. He encouraged the strong, and gave strength to the weak. When he reached
Rome, whither he went of his own accord and without guards, because he had
pledged his word that he would not turn aside from his direct road, he
resolutely opposed those of the faithful who would fain have saved him from a
terrible death. On the day appointed for his execution he heard the roaring of
the hungry lions; he said, “I am the wheat of Jesus Christ, to be ground by the
teeth of wild beasts into a perfectly pure bread.” Being exposed to two lions,
he saw their approach without trembling, and was devoured by them amidst the
plaudits of the multitude. He yielded up his soul to God in the year of Christ
107, while Evaristus was in secret praying for so noble a martyr. In one of his
epistles, Ignatius exclaims: “Now I begin to be indeed the disciple of Christ;
having found Christ, I no longer desire anything that is to be found here
below; let fire, the cross, or the wild beasts assail me, it signifies nothing,
provided that I enjoy Jesus Christ.” “That heroism,” says Caesarotti, “is so superior
to humanity that we cannot think the religion that inspired it aught but
divine.” Nothing confers greater glory upon the Christians of Rome and their
head than that letter of Ignatius. He makes the most edifying eulogy of that
church, bestows copious praises upon the faithful of the city, and expressly
says that he recognizes it as worthy of the primacy in authority, as it so
eminently held the primacy in virtues. Ignatius died of the wounds that were
inflicted by ferocious beasts; Evaristus died under the hands of executioners,
more cruel than the wild beasts themselves.
MLA
Citation
Alexis-François Artaud de
Montor. “Saint Evaristus – A.D. 100”. The
Lives and Times of the Popes, 1911. CatholicSaints.Info.
26 July 2022. Web. 29 October 2025.
<https://catholicsaints.info/the-lives-and-times-of-the-popes-saint-evaristus-a-d-100/>
SOURCE : https://catholicsaints.info/the-lives-and-times-of-the-popes-saint-evaristus-a-d-100/
Pictorial
Lives of the Saints – Saint Evaristus, Pope and Martyr
Saint
Evaristus succeeded Saint Anacletus in the see of Rome, in the reign of Trajan,
governed the Church nine years, and died in 112. The institution of cardinal
priests is by some ascribed to him, because he first divided Rome into several
titles or parishes, assigning a priest to each; he also appointed seven deacons
to attend the bishop. He conferred holy orders thrice in the month of December,
when that ceremony was most usuai.V performed, for holy orders were always
conferred in seasons appointed for fasting and prayer. Saint Evaristus was
buried near Saint Peter’s tomb on the Vatican.
Reflection – The
disciples of the apostles, by assiduous meditation on heavenly things, were so
swallowed up in the life to come, that they seemed no longer inhabitants of
this world. If Christians esteem and set their hearts on earthly goods, and
lose sight of eternity in the course of their actions, they are no longer
animated by the spirit of the primitive Saints, and are become children of this
world, slaves to its vanities, and to their own irregular passions. If we do
not correct this disorder of our hearts, and conform our interior to the spirit
of Christ, we cannot be entitled to his promises.
SOURCE : https://catholicsaints.info/pictorial-lives-of-the-saints-saint-evaristus-pope-and-martyr/
Bassorilievo
in marmo su una colonna della navata sinistra della Basilica di San Pietro in
Vaticano che ritrae s.Evaristo papa.
Sant' Evaristo Papa
e martire
Betlemme, primo secolo
dopo Cristo - Roma, anno 105
(Papa dal 97 al 105).
Mentre del suo predecessore Clemente conosciamo la celebre lettera ai cristiani
di Corinto, di Evaristo nulla è giunto. Tutto ciò che si sa è nel Liber
Pontificalis e negli scritti di Ireneo ed Eusebio: sembra sia stato un greco di
Antiochia nato a Betlemme e divenuto il quarto o forse il quinto successore di
Pietro intorno all’anno 100. Governò per 9 anni. Leggendarie sono considerate
la notizie che sia morto martire, che sia sepolto presso San Pietro e che abbia
suddiviso Roma in 25 parrocchie e istituito 7 diaconi per assisterlo nella
liturgia, come testimoni della sua ortodossia e come «stenografi» delle sue
prediche. I resoconti, in ogni caso, non ci sono giunti. (Avvenire)
Etimologia: Evaristo =
colui che è gradito
Emblema: Palma
Martirologio Romano: A
Roma, sant’Evaristo, papa, che resse la Chiesa di Roma per quarto dopo il beato
Pietro, sotto l’imperatore Traiano.
E’ nato a Betlemme. Come capo della Chiesa di Roma, ha ordinato sette diaconi, incaricandoli tra l’altro di ascoltare e trascrivere le sue prediche al popolo: erano i suoi “stenografi”. Ma di quelle prediche non conosciamo neppure una parola.
Le scarse informazioni giunte a noi su papa Evaristo sono contenute nel Liber pontificalis, che è una raccolta cronologica di biografie di papi del VI secolo. Di Evaristo dice soltanto che ha ordinato quei diaconi e consacrato diciassette preti e quindici vescovi.
Siamo dunque di fronte a un “papa senza voce”. Non conosciamo di lui neppure una parola, mentre del suo predecessore Clemente I ci è giunto un documento importantissimo: la lettera famosa agli agitati cristiani di Corinto, con l’affermazione solenne dell’autorità che al vescovo di Roma compete. Ma questa autorità di Clemente comincia a risultare fastidiosa per i vertici dell’impero. E nell’anno 97, sotto l’imperatore Nerva, egli viene arrestato e condotto poi in esilio nel Chersoneso Taurico (Crimea). Ha quindi dovuto lasciare ad altri il governo della Chiesa, e la sua scelta è caduta su Evaristo. Il quale dev’essere perciò una figura di punta nella comunità cristiana di Roma; un uomo nel quale papa Clemente deve avere la massima fiducia.
Questo è ben più che probabile, secondo logica: però, come si è già detto, nessun documento ci parla di Evaristo e ci dice chi era e che cosa faceva prima della chiamata a quella responsabilità. E poi, oltre a quelle nomine di vescovi, preti e diaconi, della sua opera come papa non si sa nulla. Una tradizione assai antica afferma che Evaristo sarebbe morto martire sotto l’imperatore Traiano, e che poi avrebbero seppellito il suo corpo vicino alla tomba dell’apostolo Pietro. Ma di questo non esistono conferme attendibili.
Ci si è pure domandati se Evaristo debba essere considerato vero papa (ossia non “vice”, “luogotenente”) dall’anno 97, quando Clemente va in esilio; oppure solo dal 101, anno in cui Clemente muore martire in Crimea, secondo Eusebio di Cesarea (IV secolo) nella sua Storia Ecclesiastica. Per Eusebio è chiaro: Clemente, dopo nove anni di pontificato (88-97) "trasmise il sacro ministero a Evaristo". Nessuna delega, insomma. Investitura piena. E anche ai tempi nostri l’Annuario pontificio indica Evaristo come papa a pieno titolo già nel 97.
Autore: Domenico Agasso
SOURCE : http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/75300
Cromolitografia
in L. Tripepi, Ritratti e biografie dei romani pontefici: da S. Pietro a Leone
13, Roma, Vaglimigli Davide, 1879. Municipal Library of Trento
EVARISTO, santo
di Francesco Scorza Barcellona - Enciclopedia dei Papi (2000)
Successore diretto
di Clemente
I nelle liste episcopali romane attestate da Ireneo di
Lione e da Eusebio
di Cesarea, e in quante ad esse si conformano; di Anacleto nelle liste che
pongono quest'ultimo, identico o distinto da Cleto,
dopo Clemente. Secondo Eusebio di Cesarea il suo episcopato va dal 99 (Historia
ecclesiastica III, 34; cfr. Chronicon, ad a. 99) al 108, ma per un totale di
otto o nove anni (otto in Historia ecclesiastica IV, 1; nove in Chronicon, ad
a. 108) inferiore quindi a quello della cronologia adottata. Il Catalogo
Liberiano pone il suo episcopato, sotto il nome abbreviato di Aristus, dal 96
al 108, per un totale di tredici anni, sette mesi e due giorni. Queste due
date, che di fatto abbracciano un periodo di tredici anni, sono riprese
dal Liber
pontificalis, nr. 6, in cui però si afferma che E. sarebbe rimasto sulla
cattedra episcopale per nove anni, dieci mesi e due giorni. Il Liber
pontificalis aggiunge una serie di dati non controllabili, e, come al solito
per i primi vescovi di Roma,
verosimilmente privi di ogni fondamento storico. E. sarebbe stato greco di
nascita ("natione Graecus"), figlio di un giudeo di nome Giuda,
di Betlemme.
Sarebbe morto martire, avrebbe assegnato i tituli romani a presbiteri, avrebbe
ordinato sette diaconi "qui custodirent episcopum praedicantem, propter
stilum veritatis". In tre ordinazioni avrebbe consacrato diciassette
presbiteri, due diaconi, quindici vescovi. La sua sepoltura presso s. Pietro,
nel cimitero vaticano, sarebbe avvenuta il 27 ottobre, e la sua morte sarebbe
stata seguita da diciannove giorni di sede vacante. Nella prima redazione del
Liber pontificalis, quale è stata ricostruita da L.
Duchesne sulla base dei compendi feliciano e cononiano, si aggiungeva
dopo la qualifica di "natione Graecus" quella di
"Antiochenus", che mal si spiega con la provenienza del padre.
L'attribuzione di
presbiteri ai tituli si può ricollegare alla notizia su Cleto che avrebbe
ordinato venticinque presbiteri probabilmente in relazione all'esistenza di
venticinque tituli romani con funzioni parrocchiali, situazione verosimile agli
inizi del sec. VI. Meno chiare, a prima vista, sono le motivazioni addotte per
l'ordinazione dei sette diaconi: come ha dimostrato L. Duchesne, è probabile
che nel passo citato "praedicare" indichi la recita del prefazio
della messa e del canone, e che la ragione di custodire il vescovo in questa
funzione liturgica fosse quella di garantire l'esattezza e l'ortodossia del
formulario impiegato. Ciò si evince principalmente dal canone 12 (13 nelle
precedenti edizioni) della raccolta attribuita a un presunto concilio di
duecentosettantacinque vescovi tenutosi sotto papa Silvestro, in realtà uno
degli apocrifi composti all'epoca di papa Simmaco nelle controversie sorte a
seguito dello scisma laurenziano: secondo il più recente editore degli apocrifi
simmachiani, E. Wirbelauer, gli atti di questo concilio costituiscono un
documento di parte laurenziana. Il canone in questione, ripreso nella notizia
del Liber pontificalis su E., prescrive che i sette diaconi "sint custodes
episcopo consecranti propter stilum veritatis et catholicam rationem et
senectutis oraculum, ne in praedicatione aut Patrem pro Filio aut Spiritum
Sanctum pro Patre praedicemus".
Il titolo di martire attribuito a E. non sembra riposare su alcuna tradizione agiografica. Il suo nome compare nel Martyrologium Hieronymianum in una lista di vescovi di Roma alla data del 23 dicembre. La sua commemorazione è fissata nel Martyrologium di Adone alla data del 27 ottobre; nel Martyrologium Romanum essa fu posta al 26 ottobre, ma è stata espunta dal Calendarium Romanum del 1969 per il fatto che si ignora la data della morte di E., e perché non risulta che sia stato effettivamente martire. Tra le decretali pseudoisidoriane figurano quattro epistole attribuite a Evaristo.
FONTI E BIBLIOGRAFIA
Ireneo di Lione, Adversus
haereses III, 3, 3, a cura di A. Rousseau-L. Doutreleau, Paris 1974 (Sources
Chrétiennes, 211), pp. 36-8.
Eusebio di
Cesarea, Historia ecclesiastica III, 34; IV, 1, a cura di E.
Schwartz, Leipzig 1903 (Die Griechischen Christlichen Schriftsteller.
Eusebius Werke, II, 1), pp. 274, 300.
Id., Chronicon, ad
aa. 99, 108, a cura di R. Helm, Berlin 1956 (Die Griechischen Christlichen
Schriftsteller. Eusebius Werke, VII), pp. 193, 195.
Le Liber pontificalis, a
cura di L. Duchesne, I, Paris 1886, pp. CXXXVII-CXLI, 54-5, 126; Catalogo
Liberiano, ibid., pp. 2-3.
H.
Delehaye, Commentarius perpetuus in Martyrologium Hieronymianum [...],
in Acta Sanctorum
Novembris [...], II, pars posterior, Bruxellis 1931, pp. 662-63.
Martyrologium Romanum
[...] scholiis historicis instructum, in Propylaeum ad Acta Sanctorum
Decembris, ivi 1940, p. 468.
J. Dubois-G.
Renaud, Le Martyrologe d'Adon. Ses deux familles. Ses trois recensions.
Texte et commentaire, Paris 1984, pp. 366-67. Calendarium Romanum ex
decreto sacrosancti oecumenici concilii Vaticani II instauratum auctoritate
Pauli PP. VI promulgatum, In Civitate Vaticana 1969, p. 143.
Fonti agiografiche:
cfr. Bibliotheca
Hagiographica Latina [...], I, Bruxellis 1898-99, p. 419.
ibid., Novum Supplementum,
a cura di H. Fros, ivi 1986, p. 319.
Decretali attribuite a
E.:
cfr. P.
Hinschius, Decretales pseudo-Isidorianae et Capitula
Angilramni [...], Lipsiae 1863, pp. 87-94.
Studi:
Ecclesiastica Historia
[...] per aliquot studiosos et pios viros in urbe Magdeburgica, Centuria II,
Caput X, Basileae 1562, coll. 109-10.
C.
Baronio, Annales ecclesiastici,
II, Romae 1590, pp. 49, 67-8.
[L.-S.] Lenain de
Tillemont, Mémoires pour servir à l'histoire ecclésiastique des six premiers
siècles, t. II, Venise 1732, pp. 212-14, 584.
Acta Sanctorum [...],
Octobris, XI, Bruxellis 1864, pp. 799-804.
Ch. Poisnel, Un
concile apocryphe du pape saint Silvestre, "Mélanges d'Archéologie et
d'Histoire. École Française de Rome", 6, 1886, pp. 1-13.
E. Wirbelauer, Zwei
Päpste in Rom. Der Konflikt zwischen Laurentius und Symmachus (498-514),
München 1993, pp. 96-9, 330.
A Dictionary of
Christian Biography, II, London 1880, s.v., p.426.
Catholicisme, IV, Paris
1949, s.v., col. 772; E.C., V, s.v., col. 893.
Vies des Saints et des
Bienheureux, X, Paris 1952, s.v., pp. 886-87.
Iconographie de l'art
chrétien, III, 1, ivi 1958, s.v., p. 480.
I.
Daniele, Evaristo, in B.S., V, coll. 372-73.
B.
Botte, Évariste, in D.H.G.E., XVI, col. 111.
New Catholic
Encyclopaedia, V, Washington 1967,
s.v., p. 655.
Lexikon der christlichen
Ikonographie, VI, Rom 1974, s.v., coll. 207-08.
Biographisch-bibliographisches
Kirchenlexikon, I, Hamm 1975,
s.v., col. 1547.
Lexikon für Theologie und
Kirche, III, Freiburg 1995³, s.v., col. 1067.
Il grande libro dei
Santi. Dizionario enciclopedico, I, Cinisello Balsamo 1998, s.v., pp. 645-46.
SOURCE : https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/santo-evaristo_(Enciclopedia-dei-Papi)
Medaillon,
um 1848, in der Basilika San
Paolo fuori le Mura in Rom
Portrait
of Pope Saint Evaristus I in the en:Basilica of Saint Paul
Outside the Walls, Rome
Evaristus
auch: Aristus, Euaristos
Gedenktag katholisch: 27. Oktober
Gedenktag
IV. Klasse 26. Oktober
Gedenktag orthodox: 26.
Oktober
Name bedeutet: der
Wohlgefällige (griech.)
römischer Gemeindevorsteher, Märtyrer (?)
* in Antiochia in Pisidien, heute Ruinen bei Yalvaç in der Türkei
† 105 (?) in Rom
Evaristus war Grieche,
der Überlieferung nach stammte sein jüdischer Vater aus Betlehem.
Er trat sein Amt als vierter Nachfolger des Petrus wohl
97 an und soll die Gemeinde von Rom in
einzelne Diakonien aufgeteilt haben. Für die Überlieferung, dass er
als Märtyrer unter Kaiser Domitian starb, gibt es keine historischen
Anhaltspunkte.
Dekrete
und Briefe von Evaristus gibt es online zu lesen in den Documenta
Catholica Omnia.
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Quellen:
• P. Ezechiel Britschgi: Name verpflichtet. Christiana, Stein am Rhein, 1985
• Adolf v. Harnack: Die Mission und Ausbreitung des Christentums. J. C. Hinrich, Leipzig 1924
• http://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/Campus/5589/papst01.htm
• Lexikon für Theologie und Kirche, begr. von Michael Buchberger. Hrsg. von
Walter Kasper, 3., völlig neu bearb. Aufl., Bd. 3. Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau
1995
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